如何在CentOS 6上通过YUM安装Nginx和PHP-FPM

原文地址：http://www.lifelinux.com/how-to-install-nginx-and-php-fpm-on-centos-6-via-yum/

开始安装Nginx和PHP-FPM之前,你必须卸载系统中以前安装的Apache和PHP。用root登录输入下面的命令：

 # yum remove httpd* php*

增加额外资源库

    默认情况下，CentOS的官方资源是没有php-fpm的, 但我们可以从Remi的RPM资源中获得，它依赖于EPEL资源。我们可以这样增加两个资源库：

 # yum install yum-priorities -y
 # rpm -Uvh http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/fedora/epel/6/x86_64/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm
 # rpm -Uvh http://rpms.famillecollet.com/enterprise/remi-release-6.rpm

输出样例

 Retrieving http://download.fedora.redhat.com/pub/epel/6/x86_64/epel-release-6-7.noarch.rpm
 warning: /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.00kiDx: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 0608b895: NOKEY
 Preparing...########################################### [100%]
 1:epel-release ########################################### [100%]

安装Nginx

输入下列命令

 # yum install nginx

输出样例

 Dependencies Resolved

 ================================================================================
  Package                  Arch      Version                    Repository  Size
 ================================================================================
 Installing:
  nginx                    x86_64    0.8.54-1.el6               epel       358 k
 Installing for dependencies:
  GeoIP                    x86_64    1.4.8-1.el6                epel       620 k
  fontconfig               x86_64    2.8.0-3.el6                base       186 k
  freetype                 x86_64    2.3.11-6.el6_1.8           updates    358 k
  gd                       x86_64    2.0.35-10.el6              base       142 k
  libX11                   x86_64    1.3-2.el6                  base       582 k
  libX11-common            noarch    1.3-2.el6                  base       188 k
  libXau                   x86_64    1.0.5-1.el6                base        22 k
  libXpm                   x86_64    3.5.8-2.el6                base        59 k
  libjpeg                  x86_64    6b-46.el6                  base       134 k
  libpng                   x86_64    2:1.2.46-1.el6_1           base       180 k
  libxcb                   x86_64    1.5-1.el6                  base       100 k
  libxslt                  x86_64    1.1.26-2.el6               base       450 k
  perl                     x86_64    4:5.10.1-119.el6_1.1       base        10 M
  perl-Module-Pluggable    x86_64    1:3.90-119.el6_1.1         base        37 k
  perl-Pod-Escapes         x86_64    1:1.04-119.el6_1.1         base        30 k
  perl-Pod-Simple          x86_64    1:3.13-119.el6_1.1         base       209 k
  perl-libs                x86_64    4:5.10.1-119.el6_1.1       base       575 k
  perl-version             x86_64    3:0.77-119.el6_1.1         base        49 k

 Transaction Summary
 ================================================================================
 Install      19 Package(s)
 Upgrade       0 Package(s)

 Total download size: 14 M
 Installed size: 47 M
 Is this ok [y/N]: y

如果你想在系统启动时自动运行nginx，输入下列命令：

 # chkconfig --level 345 nginx on

第一次启动nginx，输入下列命令：

 # /etc/init.d/nginx start

输出样例

 Starting nginx:                                            [  OK  ]

安装PHP-FPM

输入下列命令：

 # yum --enablerepo=remi install php php-fpm

输出样例

 Dependencies Resolved

 ====================================================================================
  Package            Arch        Version                          Repository    Size
 ====================================================================================
 Installing:
  php                x86_64      5.3.10-2.el6.remi                remi         2.3 M
  php-fpm            x86_64      5.3.10-2.el6.remi                remi         1.1 M
 Installing for dependencies:
  apr                x86_64      1.3.9-3.el6_1.2                  base         123 k
  apr-util           x86_64      1.3.9-3.el6_0.1                  base          87 k
  apr-util-ldap      x86_64      1.3.9-3.el6_0.1                  base          15 k
  httpd              x86_64      2.2.15-15.el6.centos.1           updates      813 k
  httpd-tools        x86_64      2.2.15-15.el6.centos.1           updates       70 k
  libedit            x86_64      2.11-4.20080712cvs.1.el6         base          74 k
  mailcap            noarch      2.1.31-2.el6                     base          27 k
  php-cli            x86_64      5.3.10-2.el6.remi                remi         2.2 M

 Transaction Summary
 ====================================================================================
 Install      10 Package(s)
 Upgrade       0 Package(s)

 Total download size: 6.8 M
 Installed size: 21 M
 Is this ok [y/N]: y

如果你想在系统启动时自动运行php-fpm，输入下列命令：

 # chkconfig --level 345 php-fpm on

PHP仅安装了核心模块，你很可能需要安装其他的模块，比如MySQL、 XML、 GD等等，你可以输入下列命令：

 # yum --enablerepo=remi install php-gd php-mysql php-mbstring php-xml php-mcrypt

第一次启动php-fpm，输入下列命令：

 # /etc/init.d/php-fpm restart

输出样例

 Starting php-fpm:                                          [ OK ]

配置PHP-FPM和Nginx，让他们一起工作

nginx的配置文件在/etc/nginx/nginx.conf，输入下列命令编辑这个文件：

 # vi /etc/nginx/nginx.conf

像下面这样编辑取消注释：

        ...
 location / {
            root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
            index  index.html index.htm index.php;
        }
        ...
 location ~ \.php$ {
            root           html;
            fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
            fastcgi_index  index.php;
            fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
            include        fastcgi_params;
        }
        ...

重启Nginx会重新读取配置文件，输入

 # /etc/init.d/nginx reload

现在在 document root目录下建立下列PHP文件

 # vi /usr/share/nginx/html/info.php

文件内容如下：

 phpinfo();
 ?>

访问 http://YOUR-SERVER-IP

Nginx虚拟主机设置

设置例子

IP: 192.168.1.113
Domain: domain.local
Hosted at: /home/www/domain.local

输入下列命令新建名叫“www”的用户

 # useradd www

创建必要的目录

 # mkdir -p /home/www/domain.local/public_html
 # mkdir -p /home/www/domain.local/log
 # chown -R www.www /home/www/
 # chmod 755 /home/www/

创建虚拟主机配置文件

 # cd /etc/nginx/conf.d/
 # cp virtual.conf www.conf

输入下面命令打开www.conf文件

 # vi /etc/nginx/conf.d/www.conf

增加以下配置

 server {
         server_name  domain.local;
         root /home/www/domain.local/public_html;
         access_log /home/www/domain.local/log/domain.local-access.log;
         error_log /home/www/domain.local/log/domain.local-error.log;

         location / {
                 index  index.html index.htm index.php;
         }
         location ~ \.php$ {
                 include /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params;
                 fastcgi_pass  127.0.0.1:9000;
                 fastcgi_index index.php;
                 fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
         }
 }

你可以用下列方法检查配置文件是否有语法错误

 # /etc/init.d/nginx configtest

输出样例

 the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok
 configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful

现在编辑 /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf文件，将运行php-fpm进程的用户改为“www”，输入

 # vi /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf

找到“ group of processes ”，编辑成下面的样子：

 ; Unix user/group of processes
 ; Note: The user is mandatory. If the group is not set, the default user's group
 ;       will be used.
 ; RPM: apache Choosed to be able to access some dir as httpd
 user = www
 ; RPM: Keep a group allowed to write in log dir.
 group = www

最后重启nginx

 # /etc/init.d/nginx restart
 # /etc/init.d/php-fpm restart