企业实战分布式LNMP高性能服务器

分布式实战（一）：

实战环境：

• nginx WEB服务器：192.168.2.10
• PHP服务器：192.168.2.20
• PHP服务器：192.168.2.30
• MYCAT服务器：192.168.2.40
• MYSQL主服务器：192.168.2.50
• MySQL从服务器：192.168.2.60

部署流程：

1. 部署nginx:

1.1. 安装nginx：

[root@localhost ~]# yum  -y install nginx

1.2. 下载门户网站文件：

[root@localhost ~]# wget https://wordpress.org/wordpress-4.9.4.zip
[root@localhost ~]# unzip wordpress-4.9.5.zip -d /usr/share/nginx/html/

1.3. 配置nginx

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
user  nginx;
worker_processes  auto;

pid        /var/run/nginx.pid;

events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}


http {
    include       /etc/nginx/mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;
    tcp_nopush     on;
    tcp_nodelay    on;
    keepalive_timeout  65;
    keepalive_requests 100;
    gzip  on;
    gzip_min_length      1k;
    gzip_types          text/plain   text/xml;
    gzip_comp_level     3;
    charset        utf-8;
    include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
}
[root@localhost ~]# cp -a /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf /etc/nginx/conf.d/www.wordpress.com.conf
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/www.wordpress.com.conf

upstream  cgiwordpress  {
        server  192.168.2.20:9000;
        server  192.168.2.30:9000;
  }
server {
    listen       80;
    server_name  bog.wordpress.com;
    
    access_log  /var/log/nginx/wordpress.access.log  main;
    error_log  /var/log/nginx/wordpress.error.log   warn;
    
    location / {
        root   /usr/share/nginx/html/wordpress;
        index  php.html index.html index.htm;
    }   
    
    error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
    location = /50x.html {
        root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
    }   
    
    location ~ \.php$ {
        root           /data/nginx/html/wordpress;
        fastcgi_pass   cgiwordpress;
        fastcgi_next_upstream  error  http_500;
        fastcgi_index  index.php;
        fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
        include        fastcgi_params;  
    }   
}   

2. 部署PHP：

2.1. 安装PHP：

[root@localhost ~]# yum  -y install php php-fpm php-mysql php-devel
以上命令2.20和2.30服务器都需要执行

2.2. 配置php-fpm:

2.20服务器配置如下：
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf 
修改如下：
listen = 192.168.2.20:9000    
listen.allowed_clients = 192.168.2.10
user = nginx
group = nginx
2.30服务器配置如下;
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf 
修改如下：
listen = 192.168.2.30:9000    
listen.allowed_clients = 192.168.2.10
user = nginx
group = nginx 
D、E
2.20和2.30服务器配置如下：
[root@localhost ~]# useradd -rs  /sbin/nologin  nginx
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /data/nginx/html
[root@localhost ~]# scp -r 192.168.2.10:/usr/share/nginx/html/wordpress  /data/nginx/html/
[root@localhost ~]# chown nginx. -R  /data/nginx/html/wordpress/
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart php-fpm.service 
[root@localhost ~]# netstat -ntlp

3. 配置MySQL主从：

3.1. 安装MySQL：

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install mysql-community-server.x86_64

3.2. 修改配置文件：

2.20服务器配置：
[root@www ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
在mysqld指令段添加以下内容：
server-id=1
log-bin=ys.bin
validate_password_policy=0    
validate_password_length=4 
2.30服务器配置：
[root@www ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
在mysqld指令段添加以下内容：
server-id=2
validate_password_policy=0    
validate_password_length=4 

3.3. 授权从库：

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start mysqld  启动服务：
[root@localhost ~]# grep "password"  /var/log/mysqld.log
2020-06-12T09:43:19.918327Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: .2Lsr>r?)_CY
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: .2Lsr>r?)_CY
mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by '1234';   ---修改root密码
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> show variables like "%log_bin";   -----查看log_bin和sql_log_bin是否均为on
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| log_bin       | ON    |
| sql_log_bin   | ON    |
+---------------+-------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
授权从库
mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to "ys"@"192.168.2.60" identified by "1234";
mysql> flush privileges;     ---刷新权限
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
查看主库状态
mysql> show master status;
+-----------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File      | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+-----------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| ys.000001 |      306 |              |                  |                   |
+-----------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

3.4. slave端配置：

root@localhost ~]# systemctl start mysqld  启动服务：
[root@localhost ~]# grep "password"  /var/log/mysqld.log
2020-06-12T09:43:19.918327Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: .2Lsr>r?)_CY
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: .2Lsr>r?)_CY
mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by '1234';   ---修改root密码
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql>  change master to
    -> master_host="192.168.2.50",
    -> master_user="ys",
    -> master_password="1234",
    -> master_log_file=" ys.000001",
    -> master_log_pos=306;
mysql> start slave;  
查看slave状态：
mysql> show slave status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                  Master_Host: 192.168.2.50
                  Master_User: sxy
                  Master_Port: 3306
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: ys.000001
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 154
               Relay_Log_File: www-relay-bin.000001
                Relay_Log_Pos: 355
        Relay_Master_Log_File: ys.000001
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
              Replicate_Do_DB: 
          Replicate_Ignore_DB: 
           Replicate_Do_Table: 
       Replicate_Ignore_Table: 
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: 
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: 
                   Last_Errno: 0
                   Last_Error: 
                 Skip_Counter: 0
          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 306
              Relay_Log_Space: 761
              Until_Condition: None
               Until_Log_File: 
                Until_Log_Pos: 0
           Master_SSL_Allowed: No
           Master_SSL_CA_File: 
           Master_SSL_CA_Path: 
              Master_SSL_Cert: 
            Master_SSL_Cipher: 
               Master_SSL_Key: 
        Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                Last_IO_Errno: 0
                Last_IO_Error: 
               Last_SQL_Errno: 0
               Last_SQL_Error: 
  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: 
             Master_Server_Id: 1
                  Master_UUID: 4f2cb611-a2ab-11ea-af22-000c29f12149
             Master_Info_File: /var/lib/mysql/master.info
                    SQL_Delay: 0
          SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
      Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
           Master_Retry_Count: 86400
                  Master_Bind: 
      Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: 
     Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: 
               Master_SSL_Crl: 
           Master_SSL_Crlpath: 
           Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 
            Executed_Gtid_Set: 
                Auto_Position: 0
         Replicate_Rewrite_DB: 
                 Channel_Name: 
           Master_TLS_Version: 
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

3.5. 授权mycat:

在主库执行授权信息，从库自动会同步：
mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'mycat-proxy'@'192.168.2.40' identified by '1234';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> create database wordpressdb default charset=utf8;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

3.6. 配置mycat:

# 配置server.xml
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/mycat/
[root@localhost mycat]# cp conf/server.xml{,.bak}   备份server.xml文件
[root@localhost mycat]# vim conf/server.xml
# 默认管理用户，可读可写：
.....
<user name="mycat" defaultAccount="true">
                <property name="password">1234</property>
                <property name="schemas">wordpress</property>
</user>
#只读用户：
<user name="user">
                <property name="password">user</property>
                <property name="schemas">wordpress</property>
                <property name="readOnly">true</property>
        </user>
....
#配置schema.xml：
[root@localhost mycat]# cp conf/schema.xml{,.bak}
[root@localhost mycat]# vim conf/schema.xml
#设置逻辑库以及数据库节点
......
<schema name="wordpress" checkSQLschema="false" sqlMaxLimit="100" dataNote="dn1">
        </schema>
        <dataNode name="dn1" dataHost="localhost1" database="wordpressdb" />
        <dataHost name="localhost1" maxCon="1000" minCon="10" balance="1"
        				writeType="0" dbType="mysql" dbDriver="native" switchType="1"  slaveThreshold="100">
负载均衡类型：
（1）balance="0", 不开启读写分离机制，所有读操作都发送到当前可用的writeHost 上。

（2）balance="1"，全部的 readHost 与 stand by writeHost 参与 select 语句的负载均衡，简单的说，当双主双从模式(M1->S1，M2->S2，并且 M1 与 M2 互为主备)，正常情况下，M2,S1,S2 都参与 select 语句的负载均衡。

（3）balance="2"，所有读操作都随机的在 writeHost、 readhost 上分发。

（4）balance="3"，所有读请求随机的分发到 wiriterHost 对应的 readhost 执行，writerHost 不负担读压力，注意 balance=3 只在 1.4 及其以后版本有，1.3 没有。
<heartbeat>select user()</heartbeat>
                <!-- can have multi write hosts -->
                <writeHost host="hostM1" url="192.168.2.50:3306" user="mycat-proxy"
                                   password="1234">
                        <!-- can have multi read hosts -->
                        <readHost host="hostS1" url="192.168.2.60:3306" 
                </writeHost>
                <writeHost host="hostM2" url="192.168.2.60:3306" user="mycat-proxy"
                                   password="1234" />
               
        </dataHost>

3.7. 启动服务：

[root@localhost ~]# mycat start
[root@localhost ~]# netstat -ntlp
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State       PID/Program name    
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:25            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      3494/master         
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:32000         0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      3666/java           
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1196/sshd           
tcp6       0      0 ::1:25                  :::*                    LISTEN      3494/master         
tcp6       0      0 :::1984                 :::*                    LISTEN      3666/java           
tcp6       0      0 :::8066                 :::*                    LISTEN      3666/java           
tcp6       0      0 :::9066                 :::*                    LISTEN      3666/java           
tcp6       0      0 :::45231                :::*                    LISTEN      3666/java           
tcp6       0      0 :::34869                :::*                    LISTEN      3666/java           
tcp6       0      0 :::22                   :::*                    LISTEN      1196/sshd 

4.验证：

• 修改hosts的文件：C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc\hosts
  添加如下：
  192.168.2.10 www.wordpress.com
• 打开浏览器验证：