WPF实现贪食蛇小案例

一、贪食蛇游戏分析

1. 创建两个区域，即：游戏区域、控制区域
2. 分别设置两个区域的样式
3. 在游戏区域，创建蛇（设置其相关属性）
4. 在游戏区域，创建食物（设置其相关属性）
5. 通过键盘操控，使蛇动起来（获取键盘按下的键，触发键盘按下事件）
6. 当蛇头的坐标完全等于食物时，吃掉食物（随机食物位置）
7. 给蛇自己增加一节（注意：增加一节的位置）
8. 碰到墙壁时，游戏结束
9. 碰到自己时，游戏结束
10. 给蛇吃食物、死亡，添加音效
11. 给控制区域，添加“开始、暂停”按钮（通过开启、关闭计时器）
12. 添加计分功能（蛇吃到食物时，分数+1）
13. 蛇死亡时，弹出最终得分

二、代码实现

1、XAML代码

<Window x:Class="SnakeTest2.MainWindow"
        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
        xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
        xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
        xmlns:local="clr-namespace:SnakeTest2"
        mc:Ignorable="d"
        Title="MainWindow" Height="450" Width="800" Loaded="MainWindow_OnLoaded">
    <Canvas Name="CanvasAll">
        <Canvas Name="CanvasLeft"></Canvas>
        <Canvas Name="CanvasRight"></Canvas>
    </Canvas>
</Window>

2、CS代码

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Media;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Data;
using System.Windows.Documents;
using System.Windows.Input;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows.Media.Imaging;
using System.Windows.Navigation;
using System.Windows.Shapes;
using System.Windows.Threading;
namespace SnakeTest2
{
    /// 

    /// MainWindow.xaml 的交互逻辑
    /// 
    public partial class MainWindow : Window
    {
        public MainWindow()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
            // 设置窗体最大化
            this.WindowState = WindowState.Maximized;
            // 去掉窗体样式
            this.WindowStyle = WindowStyle.None;

        }
            //初始化游戏开始、暂停按钮
            Button btn = new Button();
            //创建计时器
            DispatcherTimer timerStart = new DispatcherTimer();
            //实现计分板
            Label lab = new Label();
            //创建得分
            private int result = 0;
        private void MainWindow_OnLoaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            // 设置容器大小等于窗体
            CanvasAll.Width = this.Width;
            CanvasAll.Height = this.Height;
            // 设置游戏区域样式
            CanvasLeft.Width = 0.75 * CanvasAll.Width;
            CanvasLeft.Height = CanvasAll.Height;
            CanvasLeft.Background = new LinearGradientBrush(Colors.Chartreuse, Colors.Orange,45);
            Canvas.SetLeft(CanvasLeft,0);
            // 设置控制区域大小
            CanvasRight.Width = 0.25 * CanvasAll.Width;
            CanvasRight.Height = CanvasAll.Height;
            CanvasRight.Background = Brushes.Aquamarine;
            Canvas.SetLeft(CanvasRight, Canvas.GetLeft(CanvasLeft)+CanvasLeft.Width);
            // 创建一条蛇
            creatSnake(50,snakeList);
            // 创建食物
            creatFood(50);
            // 鼠标按下
            this.KeyDown += MainWindow_KeyDown;
            timerStart.Interval = TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(400);
            timerStart.Tick += TimerStart_Tick;
            btn.Width = CanvasRight.Width;
            btn.Height = 100;
            btn.FontSize = 32;
            btn.FontFamily = new FontFamily("楷体");
            btn.Content = "游戏开始";
            btn.Background = Brushes.CornflowerBlue;
            btn.Click += Btn_Click;
            CanvasRight.Children.Add(btn);
            lab.Width = CanvasRight.Width;
            lab.Height = 100;
            lab.FontSize = 32;
            lab.Foreground = Brushes.PaleVioletRed;
            lab.HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Center;
            lab.FontFamily = new FontFamily("楷体");
            lab.Background = Brushes.Aquamarine;
            Canvas.SetTop(lab, 100);
            Canvas.SetLeft(lab, 120);
            CanvasRight.Children.Add(lab);
        }
        /// 

        /// 按钮点击事件
        /// 
        /// 
        /// 
        private void Btn_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            if (btn.Content == "游戏开始")
            {
                timerStart.Start();
                btn.Content = "游戏暂停";
            }
            else
            {
                timerStart.Stop();
                btn.Content = "游戏开始";
            }
        }

        /// 

        /// 计时器事件
        /// 
        /// 
        /// 
        private void TimerStart_Tick(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            moveSnake(snakeList, 50);
            eatFood(snakeList,50);
            overSnake(snakeList);
            lab.Content = "总分：" + result;
        }
        /// 

        /// 蛇移动的方法
        /// 
        /// 
        protected void moveSnake(List<Border> snake, int size)
        {
            for (int i = 0; i < snake.Count; i++)
            {
                if (snake[i].Tag.ToString() == "Left")
                {
                    Canvas.SetLeft(snake[i], Canvas.GetLeft(snake[i]) - size);
                }
                else if (snake[i].Tag.ToString() == "Right")
                {
                    Canvas.SetLeft(snake[i], Canvas.GetLeft(snake[i]) + size);
                }
                else if (snake[i].Tag.ToString() == "Up")
                {
                    Canvas.SetTop(snake[i], Canvas.GetTop(snake[i]) - size);
                }
                else if (snake[i].Tag.ToString() == "Down")
                {
                    Canvas.SetTop(snake[i], Canvas.GetTop(snake[i]) + size);
                }
            }

            for (int i = snake.Count - 1; i > 0; i--)
            {
                snake[i].Tag = snake[i - 1].Tag;
            }
        }
        /// 

        /// 鼠标按下事件
        /// 
        /// 
        /// 
        private void MainWindow_KeyDown(object sender, KeyEventArgs e)
        {
            // MessageBox.Show(e.Key.ToString());
            switch (e.Key)
            {
                case Key.Right:
                    snakeList[0].Tag = "Right";
                    break;
                case Key.Left:
                    snakeList[0].Tag = "Left";
                    break;
                case Key.Up:
                    snakeList[0].Tag = "Up";
                    break;
                case Key.Down:
                    snakeList[0].Tag = "Down";
                    break;
            }
        }

        // 创建代表蛇的泛型List
        List<Border> snakeList = new List<Border>();
        // 创建随机数对象
        Random ra = new Random();
        /// 

        /// 创建蛇的方法
        /// 
        /// 
        protected void creatSnake(int size,List<Border> snake)
        {
            for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
            {
                Border cSnake = new Border();
                cSnake.Width = cSnake.Height = size;
                cSnake.Tag = "Right";
                if (i == 0)
                {
                    cSnake.Background = Brushes.Red;
                }
                else
                {
                    cSnake.Background = Brushes.Blue;
                }
                Canvas.SetLeft(cSnake,400-i*size);
                Canvas.SetTop(cSnake,200);
                cSnake.CornerRadius = new CornerRadius(size);
                CanvasLeft.Children.Add(cSnake);
                snake.Add(cSnake);
            }
        }
        Border cFood = new Border();
        /// 

        /// 创建食物的方法
        /// 
        /// 
        protected void creatFood(int size)
        {
            cFood.Width = cFood.Height = size;
            cFood.Background = Brushes.DarkViolet;
            Canvas.SetLeft(cFood, ra.Next(Convert.ToInt32(CanvasLeft.Width / size)) * size);
            Canvas.SetTop(cFood,ra.Next(Convert.ToInt32(CanvasLeft.Height / size)) * size);
            cFood.CornerRadius = new CornerRadius(size);
            CanvasLeft.Children.Add(cFood);
        }

        /// 

        /// 吃食物
        /// 
        /// 
        /// 
        protected void eatFood(List<Border> snake, int size)
        {
            if (Canvas.GetLeft(snake[0]) == Canvas.GetLeft(cFood) && Canvas.GetTop(snake[0]) == Canvas.GetTop(cFood))
            {
                ++result;
                SoundPlayer player = new SoundPlayer();
                player.SoundLocation = "../../sounds/三全音.wav";
                player.Play();
                Canvas.SetLeft(cFood, ra.Next(Convert.ToInt32(CanvasLeft.Width / size)) * size);
                Canvas.SetTop(cFood, ra.Next(Convert.ToInt32(CanvasLeft.Height / size)) * size);
                // 创建一节蛇 
                Border aSnake = new Border();
                aSnake.Width = aSnake.Height = size;
                aSnake.Background = Brushes.Green;
                //判断方向
                Canvas.SetLeft(aSnake,Canvas.GetLeft(snake[snake.Count-1]));
                Canvas.SetTop(aSnake,Canvas.GetTop(snake[snake.Count-1]));
                aSnake.Tag = "";
                aSnake.CornerRadius = new CornerRadius(size);
                CanvasLeft.Children.Add(aSnake);
                snake.Add(aSnake);
            }
        }
        /// 

        /// 蛇死亡
        /// 
        protected void overSnake(List<Border> snake)
        {
            if (Canvas.GetLeft(snake[0])<=0 || Canvas.GetLeft(snake[0])>= CanvasLeft.Width-snake[0].Width || Canvas.GetTop(snake[0]) <= 0 || Canvas.GetTop(snake[0]) >= CanvasLeft.Height - snake[0].Height)
            {
                SoundPlayer player = new SoundPlayer();
                player.SoundLocation = "../../sounds/MyBomb.wav";
                player.Play();
                MessageBox.Show("您已碰墙，游戏结束");
                Environment.Exit(-1);
            }
            for (int i = snake.Count - 1; i > 0; i--)
            {
                if (Canvas.GetLeft(snake[0]) == Canvas.GetLeft(snake[i]) && Canvas.GetTop(snake[0]) == Canvas.GetTop(snake[i]))
                {
                    SoundPlayer player = new SoundPlayer();
                    player.SoundLocation = "../../sounds/MyBomb.wav";
                    player.Play();
                    MessageBox.Show("您已碰身，游戏结束");
                    //强行关闭
                    Environment.Exit(-1);
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

三、效果图