SpringBoot整合rabbitMQ

文章目录

  • RabbitMQ的工作原理图:
  • Spring整合RibbitMQ
    • RabbitMQ常用工作模式
  • 测试

RabbitMQ的工作原理图:

SpringBoot整合rabbitMQ_第1张图片

Spring整合RibbitMQ

第一步:添加依赖

<dependencies>
     <dependency>
         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
     </dependency>
     <dependency>
         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
     </dependency>
     <dependency>
         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-logging</artifactId>
     </dependency>
</dependencies>

第二步:配置application.yml,启动类
application.yml

server:
  port: 44000
spring:
  application:
    name: test-rabbitmq-producer
  rabbitmq:   #  连接rabbitmq的参数
    host: 127.0.0.1
    port: 5672
    username: guest
    password: guest
    virtualHost: / 

启动类

@SpringBootApplication
public class TestRabbitmqApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(TestRabbitmqApplication.class,args);
    }
}

第三步:定义RabbitConfig类,配置Exchange、Queue、及绑定交换机。

@Configuration
public class RabbitmqConfig {
    // 队列
    public static final String QUEUE_INFORM_EMAIL = "queue_inform_email";
    public static final String QUEUE_INFORM_SMS = "queue_inform_sms";
    // 交换机
    public static final String EXCHANGE_TOPICS_INFORM="exchange_topics_inform";
    // 路由key
    public static final String ROUTINGKEY_EMAIL="inform.#.email.#";
    public static final String ROUTINGKEY_SMS="inform.#.sms.#";

    //声明QUEUE_INFORM_EMAIL队列
    @Bean(QUEUE_INFORM_EMAIL)
    public Queue QUEUE_INFORM_EMAIL(){
        return new Queue(QUEUE_INFORM_EMAIL);
    }
    //声明QUEUE_INFORM_SMS队列
    @Bean(QUEUE_INFORM_SMS)
    public Queue QUEUE_INFORM_SMS(){
        return new Queue(QUEUE_INFORM_SMS);
    }

    //声明交换机
    @Bean(EXCHANGE_TOPICS_INFORM)
    public Exchange EXCHANGE_TOPICS_INFORM(){
        return ExchangeBuilder.topicExchange(EXCHANGE_TOPICS_INFORM).durable(true).build();
    }

    //ROUTINGKEY_EMAIL队列绑定交换机,指定routingKey
    @Bean
    public Binding BINDING_QUEUE_INFORM_EMAIL(@Qualifier(QUEUE_INFORM_EMAIL) Queue queue,
                                              @Qualifier(EXCHANGE_TOPICS_INFORM) Exchange exchange){
        return BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(exchange).with(ROUTINGKEY_EMAIL).noargs();
    }

    //ROUTINGKEY_SMS队列绑定交换机,指定routingKey
    @Bean
    public Binding BINDING_QUEUE_INFORM_SMS(@Qualifier(QUEUE_INFORM_SMS) Queue queue,
                                              @Qualifier(EXCHANGE_TOPICS_INFORM) Exchange exchange){
        return BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(exchange).with(ROUTINGKEY_SMS).noargs();
    }
}

解释:

RabbitMQ常用工作模式

  • Work queues
     — —默认交换机,无需定义
     — —work queues的生产方是面向队列发送消息(底层使用默认 交换机)。
     — —rabbit采用轮询的方式将消息是平均发送给消费者(也就是你一个我一个我)

  • Publish/subscribe(发布/订阅模式)
     — —需要定义交换机,对应交换机类型:fanout
     — —publish/subscribe的生产方是面向交换机发送消息,还需要设置队列     和交换机的绑定
     — — 一个交换机绑定的队列,监听她的消费者都能接受到消息。
     — — 功能比Work queues强大,可实现Work queues的功能

  • Routing(路由模式)
     — —需要定义交换机,对应交换机类型:direct
     — —Routing模式要求队列在绑定交换机时要指定routingkey,消息会转发到符合routingkey的队列(相当于确定查询)

  • Topics(通配符模式)------这里使用的就是Topics,因为功能最强大
     — —需要定义交换机,对应交换机类型:topic
     — —路由key可以这样定义:inform.#.email.#
     — —Topic模式最强大,可以实现Routing、publish/subscirbe模式的功能。

测试

生产者:

@SpringBootTest
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
public class Producer05_topics_springboot {

    @Autowired
    RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;

    @Test
    public void testSendByTopics(){
        String msg = "testSendByTopics";
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitmqConfig.EXCHANGE_TOPICS_INFORM,"inform.email.sms",msg);
        System.out.println("发送消息"+msg);
    }
}

消费者

@Component
public class ReceiveHandler {

    //监听email队列
    @RabbitListener(queues = RabbitmqConfig.QUEUE_INFORM_EMAIL)
    public void receive_email(String msg, Message message, Channel channel){
        System.out.println(msg);
    }

    //监听sms队列
    @RabbitListener(queues = RabbitmqConfig.QUEUE_INFORM_SMS)
    public void receive_SMS(String msg, Message message, Channel channel){
        System.out.println(msg);
    }
}

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