FFmpeg安装及将rtsp流转hls协议流通过nginx进行视频直播
在工作中遇到需要将海康威视等的rtsp协议的监控视频在浏览器上播放，如果直接通过浏览器播放需要在客户pc上安装插件，明显这是不可行的，在网上找了一段时间的方案后确定了通过ffmpeg将rtsp转成hls协议的视频流再通过nginx转达的方式进行视频播放的方案，hls协议是苹果公司开发的视频直播协议，它可以通过h5的video标签进行视频播放，非常方便，不过也存在一个弊端就是延迟比较大，我这边上线之后的延迟在30s左右，对于我们公司的业务需求来说是可以接受的，如不能接受需谨慎选择，另外如果那位大神知道怎么调优，降低延迟还望多多交流<抱拳>。
话不多说，开始我们的正题吧。说明：以下步骤需在有网情况下进行，如需离线安装，需自行下载安装包，我这里会将部分安装包上传。
1、安装依赖
#yum -y install gcc glibc glibc-devel make nasm pkgconfig lib-devel openssl-devel expat-devel gettext-devel libtool mhash.x86_64 perl-Digest-SHA1.x86_64 gcc-c++
2、安装ffmpeg的依赖
++++++++Yasm+++++++++++
#wget http://www.tortall.net/projects/yasm/releases/yasm-1.2.0.tar.gz
#tar xzvf yasm-1.2.0.tar.gz
#cd yasm-1.2.0
#./configure
#make
#make install
++++++++x264+++++++++++
#附件中有该安装包
#cd x264-snapshot-20190626-2245
#./configure --enable-shared
#make
#make install
++++++++LAME+++++++++++
#wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/lame/lame/3.99/lame-3.99.5.tar.gz
#tar xzvf lame-3.99.5.tar.gz
#cd lame-3.99.5
#./configure --enable-nasm
#make
#make install
++++++++libogg+++++++++++
#wget http://downloads.xiph.org/releases/ogg/libogg-1.3.3.tar.gz
#tar xzvf libogg-1.3.3.tar.gz
#cd libogg-1.3.3
#./configure
#make
#make install
++++++++libvorbis+++++++++++
#wget http://downloads.xiph.org/releases/vorbis/libvorbis-1.3.6.tar.gz
#tar xzvf libvorbis-1.3.6.tar.gz
#cd libvorbis-1.3.6
#./configure
#make
#make install
++++++++libvpx+++++++++++
#附件中有该安装包
#cd libvpx
#./configure --enable-shared
#make
#make install
++++++++FAAD2+++++++++++
#wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/faac/faad2-src/faad2-2.7/faad2-2.7.tar.gz
#tar zxvf faad2-2.7.tar.gz
#cd faad2-2.7
#./configure
#make
#make install
++++++++Xvid+++++++++++
#wget http://downloads.xvid.org/downloads/xvidcore-1.3.5.tar.gz
#tar zxvf xvidcore-1.3.5.tar.gz
#cd xvidcore/build/generic
#./configure
#make
#make install
++++++++ffmpeg+++++++++++
#附件中有安装包
#cd ffmpeg-4.1.3
#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/ffmpeg/ --enable-version3 --enable-libvpx --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libvorbis --enable-libx264 --enable-libxvid --enable-shared --enable-gpl --enable-postproc --enable-nonfree --enable-avfilter --enable-pthreads
#make && make install
安装ffmpeg的过程较长，请耐心等待，安装成功之后，ffmpeg安装到了/usr/local/ffmpeg目录下。
修改/etc/ld.so.conf如下:
include ld.so.conf.d/*.conf
/lib
/lib64
/usr/lib
/usr/lib64
/usr/local/lib
/usr/local/lib64
/usr/local/ffmpeg/lib
报错退出，执行以下命令
#ldconfig
4、错误处理
如果在安装ffmpeg过程中出现某些依赖版本过低或不存在，请自行安装相应依赖。
*** Could not run Ogg test program, checking why... *** The test program compiled, but did not run. This usually means *** that the run-time linker is not finding Ogg or finding the wrong *** version of Ogg. If it is not finding Ogg, you'll need to set your *** LD_LIBRARY_PATH environment variable, or edit /etc/ld.so.conf to point *** to the installed location Also, make sure you have run ldconfig if that *** is required on your system *** *** If you have an old version installed, it is best to remove it, although *** you may also be able to get things to work by modifying LD_LIBRARY_PATH
configure: error: must have Ogg installed!
确定已经安装了libogg 然后安装libvorbis报类似如上错误时，可以执行以下命令解决：
echo /usr/local/lib >> /etc/ld.so.conf; ldconfig
vi /etc/profile
文件最后面 添加
export PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/usr/local/lib/pkgconfig"退出保持
source /etc/profile
3、安装nginx和rtmp模块
下载pcre、zlib、openssl，进行编译安装
到nginx官网下载nginx，解压
到 https://github.com/arut/nginx-rtmp-module/releases 下载rtmp模块，并解压
编译安装nginx-rtmp，进入nginx的解压包下
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx-1.17.1-rtmp --add-module=../nginx-rtmp-module-1.2.1 --with-http_stub_status_module
make
make install
安装完成之后，nginx被安装到/usr/local/nginx-1.17.1-rtmp目录下
4、修改nginx配置文件，使其可以分发hls协议视频流进行直播
user root;
worker_processes 1;
error_log logs/error.log;
#error_log logs/error.log notice;
#error_log logs/error.log info;
#pid logs/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
rtmp{
server{
listen 1935;
chunk_size 4000;
#live
application myapp {
live on;
hls on;
hls_path /tmp/hls;
hls_fragment 2s;
hls_playlist_length 6s;
}
}
}
http{
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
#log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
# '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
# '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
#access_log logs/access.log main;
sendfile on;
#tcp_nopush on;
#keepalive_timeout 0;
keepalive_timeout 65;
#gzip on;
server{
listen 8090;
server_name dengxingyao.cn;
#charset koi8-r;
#access_log logs/host.access.log main;
location / {
root html;
index index.html index.htm;
}
#hls
location /hls {
types {
application/vnd.apple.mpegusr m3u8;
video/mp2t ts;
}
root /usr/local/nginx-1.17.1-rtmp/temp;
add_header Cache-Control no-cache;
}
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
}
}
上述配置文件的/hls既是nginx通过http请求分发hls协议的.ts文件的配置，该配置表明.m3u8和.ts文件位于/usr/local/nginx-1.17.1-rtmp/temp目录下
5、通过ffmpeg将rtsp协议视频流转成hls协议
nohup ./ffmpeg -i rtsp://184.72.239.149/vod/mp4://BigBuckBunny_175k.mov -strict -2 -c copy -map 0 -f segment -segment_list /usr/local/nginx-1.17.1-rtmp/temp/hls/ipc1/ipc1.m3u8 -segment_time 5 /usr/local/nginx-1.17.1-rtmp/temp/hls/ipc1/output%03d.ts &其中rtsp://184.72.239.149/vod/mp4://BigBuckBunny_175k.mov为rtsp视频源地址，/usr/local/nginx-1.17.1-rtmp/temp/hls/ipc1/ipc1.m3u8是转换成的.m3u8文件，其保存在上面nginx配置文件中配置的目录下
6、通过VLC播放器可播放rtsp源和转换后的hls视频源进行测试
通过上述操作后的hls视频源地址为：http://ip:8090/hls/ipc1/ipc1.m3u8
7、上述所有安装包资源如下，欢迎下载
https://download.csdn.net/download/ccf199201261/11263464
参考博客：https://blog.csdn.net/wutong_login/article/details/42292787