ffmpeg学习---11.ffmpeg的流媒体服务器与播放器的设置

一. 用ffmpeg播放
ffserver
它有两个参数需要注意 
-d --> enalbe debug mode
-f --> 指定配置文件的路径,如果没有-f参数则默认是/etc/ffserver.conf
1. ffmpeg编译完成后会生成
ffserver
ffmpeg
ffplay

ffserver.conf文件(ffmpeg源码下的doc目录中有ffserver.conf里面有详细解析)

 HTTPPort 8091
 HTTPBindAddress 0.0.0.0
 MaxClients 10
 MaxBandwidth 50000
 <Feed feed1.ffm>
 file /tmp/feed1.ffm                 -->缓冲文件的路径是/tmp/feed1.ffm
 FileMaxSize 10M                     -->缓冲文件最大是10M
 </Feed>

 <Stream feed1.mjpeg>
 Feed feed1.ffm
 Format mjpeg
 VideoSize 640x480
 VideoFrameRate 10
 VideoBitRate 2000
 VideoQMin 1
 VideoQMax 10
 </Stream>

2. 运行结果
2.1 首先运行server端

 cong@msi:/work/ffmpeg/out/bin$ ./ffserver -d -f ./ffserver.conf
 ffserver version 2.7.2 Copyright (c) 2000-2015 the FFmpeg developers
   built with gcc 4.8 (Ubuntu 4.8.2-19ubuntu1)
   configuration: --enable-shared --prefix=../out
   libavutil 54. 27.100 / 54. 27.100
   libavcodec 56. 41.100 / 56. 41.100
   libavformat 56. 36.100 / 56. 36.100
   libavdevice 56. 4.100 / 56. 4.100
   libavfilter 5. 16.101 / 5. 16.101
   libswscale 3. 1.101 / 3. 1.101
   libswresample 1. 2.100 / 1. 2.100
 ./ffserver.conf:19: Setting default value for video bit rate tolerance = 500000. Use NoDefaults to disable it.
 ./ffserver.conf:19: Setting default value for video rate control equation = tex^qComp. Use NoDefaults to disable it.
 ./ffserver.conf:19: Setting default value for video max rate = 4000000. Use NoDefaults to disable it.
 ./ffserver.conf:19: Setting default value for video buffer size = 4000000. Use NoDefaults to disable it.
 ./ffserver.conf:50: Setting default value for video bit rate tolerance = 75000. Use NoDefaults to disable it.
 ./ffserver.conf:50: Setting default value for video rate control equation = tex^qComp. Use NoDefaults to disable it.
 ./ffserver.conf:50: Setting default value for video max rate = 600000. Use NoDefaults to disable it.
 ./ffserver.conf:50: Setting default value for video buffer size = 600000. Use NoDefaults to disable it.
 Mon Sep 14 18:18:38 2015 Deleting feed file '/tmp/feed1.ffm' as stream counts differ (3 != 2)
 Mon Sep 14 18:18:38 2015 FFserver started.
 Mon Sep 14 18:18:51 2015 127.0.0.1 - - New connection: POST /feed1.ffm
 Mon Sep 14 18:18:53 2015 127.0.0.1 - - [POST] "/feed1.ffm HTTP/1.1" 200 671744

2.2 然后在另一个终端运行ffmpeg
ffmpeg用来把本地摄像头中的数据转为feed1.ffm缓存起来

 cong@msi:/work/ffmpeg/out/bin$ ./ffmpeg -v verbose -r 5 -s 640x480 -f video4linux2 -i /dev/video0 http://localhost:8091/feed1.ffm
 ffmpeg version 2.7.2 Copyright (c) 2000-2015 the FFmpeg developers
   built with gcc 4.8 (Ubuntu 4.8.2-19ubuntu1)
   configuration: --enable-shared --prefix=../out
   libavutil 54. 27.100 / 54. 27.100
   libavcodec 56. 41.100 / 56. 41.100
   libavformat 56. 36.100 / 56. 36.100
   libavdevice 56. 4.100 / 56. 4.100
   libavfilter 5. 16.101 / 5. 16.101
   libswscale 3. 1.101 / 3. 1.101
   libswresample 1. 2.100 / 1. 2.100
 [video4linux2,v4l2 @ 0x115f180] fd:3 capabilities:84000001
 Input #0, video4linux2,v4l2, from '/dev/video0':
   Duration: N/A, start: 30290.856550, bitrate: 24576 kb/s
     Stream #0:0: Video: rawvideo, 1 reference frame (YUY2 / 0x32595559), yuyv422, 640x480, 24576 kb/s, 5 fps, 5 tbr, 1000k tbn, 1000k tbc
 [tcp @ 0x11641e0] Connection to tcp://localhost:8091 failed (Connection refused), trying next address
 [tcp @ 0x116c6a0] Connection to tcp://localhost:8091 failed (Connection refused), trying next address
 [graph 0 input from stream 0:0 @ 0x1154680] w:640 h:480 pixfmt:yuyv422 tb:1/5 fr:5/1 sar:0/1 sws_param:flags=2
 [scaler for output stream 0:0 @ 0x1165b60] w:640 h:480 flags:'0x4' interl:0
 [graph 0 input from stream 0:0 @ 0x1154680] TB:0.200000 FRAME_RATE:5.000000 SAMPLE_RATE:nan
 [swscaler @ 0x1141040] deprecated pixel format used, make sure you did set range correctly
 [scaler for output stream 0:0 @ 0x1165b60] w:640 h:480 fmt:yuyv422 sar:0/1 -> w:640 h:480 fmt:yuvj422p sar:0/1 flags:0x4
 [graph 1 input from stream 0:0 @ 0x1156a80] w:640 h:480 pixfmt:yuyv422 tb:1/5 fr:5/1 sar:0/1 sws_param:flags=2
 [scaler for output stream 0:1 @ 0x1157b00] w:640 h:480 flags:'0x4' interl:0
 [graph 1 input from stream 0:0 @ 0x1156a80] TB:0.200000 FRAME_RATE:5.000000 SAMPLE_RATE:nan
 [scaler for output stream 0:1 @ 0x1157b00] w:640 h:480 fmt:yuyv422 sar:0/1 -> w:640 h:480 fmt:yuv420p sar:0/1 flags:0x4
 Output #0, ffm, to 'http://localhost:8091/feed1.ffm':
   Metadata:
     creation_time : now
     encoder : Lavf56.36.100
     Stream #0:0: Video: mjpeg, 1 reference frame, yuvj422p(pc), 640x480, q=1-10, 2000 kb/s, 5 fps, 1000k tbn, 10 tbc
     Metadata:
       encoder : Lavc56.41.100 mjpeg
     Stream #0:1: Video: mpeg4, 1 reference frame, yuv420p, 640x480, q=2-51, 300 kb/s, 5 fps, 1000k tbn, 24 tbc
     Metadata:
       encoder : Lavc56.41.100 mpeg4
 Stream mapping:
   Stream #0:0 -> #0:0 (rawvideo (native) -> mjpeg (native))
   Stream #0:0 -> #0:1 (rawvideo (native) -> mpeg4 (native))
 Press [q] to stop, [?] for help
 *** 1
 *** 4
 *** 1
 *** 4
 *** 1
 *** 4
 frame= 6 fps=0.0 q=1.6 Lq=12.8 size= 216kB time=00:00:00.62 bitrate=2831.2kbits/s dup=15 drop=0
 video:210kB audio:0kB subtitle:0kB other streams:0kB global headers:0kB muxing overhead: 2.969670%
 Input file #0 (/dev/video0):
   Input stream #0:0 (video): 3 packets read (1843200 bytes); 3 frames decoded;
   Total: 3 packets (1843200 bytes) demuxed
 Output file #0 (http://localhost:8091/feed1.ffm):
   Output stream #0:0 (video): 6 frames encoded; 6 packets muxed (181221 bytes);
   Output stream #0:1 (video): 15 frames encoded; 15 packets muxed (33584 bytes);
   Total: 21 packets (214805 bytes) muxed
 Received signal 2: terminating.

2.3 查看
这样在/tmp目录下就会生与一个feed1.ffm作为缓冲文件

 cong@msi:/work/ffmpeg/out/bin$ ls -l /tmp/feed1.ffm
 -rw-rw-r-- 1 cong cong 888832 Sep 14 18:24 /tmp/feed1.ffm

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二. 实时流媒体的播放rtsp
1. 修改ffserver的配置ffserver.conf

 HTTPPort 8091
 RTSPPort 5454                     -->这儿添加了rtsp的port
 HTTPBindAddress 0.0.0.0
 MaxClients 10
 MaxBandwidth 50000
 <Feed feed1.ffm>
 file /tmp/feed1.ffm
 FileMaxSize 10M
 </Feed>

 <Stream feed1.mjpeg>
 Feed feed1.ffm
 Format mjpeg
 VideoSize 640x480
 VideoFrameRate 10
 VideoBitRate 2000
 VideoQMin 1
 VideoQMax 10
 </Stream>


 <Stream live.h264>                -->rtsp的配置
 Format rtp
 Feed feed1.ffm
 #VideoCodec libx264
 VideoFrameRate 24
 VideoBitRate 300
 #VideoSize 480x272
 VideoSize 640x480
 #AVPresetVideo default
 #AVPresetVideo superfast
 AVOptionVideo flags +global_header

 PixelFormat yuv420p
 AVOptionVideo me_range 4
 AVOptionVideo qdiff 4
 AVOptionVideo qmin 2
 AVOptionVideo qmax 51

 #MulticastAddress 224.124.0.1
 #MulticastPort 5000
 #MulticastTTL 1


 NoAudio
 #AudioCodec libfaac
 #AudioBitRate 32
 #AudioChannels 2
 #AudioSampleRate 22050
 #AVOptionAudio flags +global_header
 </Stream>

2. 运行

 a.开启server
 cong@msi:/work/ffmpeg/out/bin$ ./ffserver -d -f ./ffserver.conf
 b.开启ffmpeg
 cong@msi:/work/ffmpeg/out/bin$ ./ffmpeg -v verbose -r 5 -s 640x480 -f video4linux2 -i /dev/video0 http://localhost:8091/feed1.ffm
 c.本地用ffplay播放
 cong@msi:/work/ffmpeg/out/bin$ ./ffplay rtsp://localhost:5454/live.h264

如果没有问题,则ffplay就会播放出摄像头的影像。

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三.顺序流媒体的播放
上面的RTSP是实时的,类似于网络视频聊天,而这个顺序流媒体即看网络电影
3.1 ffserver.conf

 <Stream test.mpg>         --> 这个针对于mpg格式
 File /tmp/minzu.mpg       --> ffmpeg源码目录下的doc/ffserver.conf中对Format参数的说明:
 Format mpeg               --> mpeg: MPEG-1 multiplexed video and audio
 </Stream>

 <Stream test.avi>        -->这个针对于avi格式
 File /tmp/minzu.avi
 Format avi               -->avi: AVI format (MPEG-4 video, MPEG audio sound)
 </Stream>

完整的ffserver.conf如下:

 cong@msi:/work/ffmpeg/ffmpeg-2.7.2$ cat ffserver.conf
 HTTPPort 8091
 HTTPBindAddress 0.0.0.0
 MaxClients 10
 MaxBandwidth 50000

 <Stream test.mpg>
 File /tmp/minzu.mpg
 Format mpeg
 </Stream>

 <Stream test.avi>
 File /tmp/minzu.avi
 Format avi
 </Stream>

3.2 视频文件的格式

 cong@msi:/work/ffmpeg/ffmpeg-2.7.2$ ./ffplay /tmp/minzu.mpg
     Stream #0:0[0x1e0]: Video: mpeg2video (Main), yuv420p(tv), 640x360 [SAR 1:1 DAR 16:9], max. 2516 kb/s, 25 fps, 25 tbr, 90k tbn, 50 tbc
     Stream #0:1[0x1c0]: Audio: mp2, 44100 Hz, stereo, s16p, 224 kb/s

 cong@msi:/work/ffmpeg/ffmpeg-2.7.2$ ./ffplay /tmp/minzu.avi
     Stream #0:0: Video: mpeg4 (Advanced Simple Profile) (XVID / 0x44495658), yuv420p, 640x360 [SAR 1:1 DAR 16:9], 1511 kb/s, 25 fps, 25 tbr, 25 tbn, 25 tbc
     Stream #0:1: Audio: mp3 (U[0][0][0] / 0x0055), 44100 Hz, stereo, s16p, 224 kb/s

3.3 播放测试
cong@msi:/work/ffmpeg/ffmpeg-2.7.2$ ./ffplay http://192.168.4.11:8091/test.mpg
cong@msi:/work/ffmpeg/ffmpeg-2.7.2$ ./ffplay http://192.168.4.11:8091/test.avi
上面两个播放分别都可以看到视频并听到声音
注意: 
    ffserver.conf中的配置一定要与要播放的视频格式相对应

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参考文章
How To : Stream A Webcam From The Raspberry Pi
http://sirlagz.net/2012/08/04/how-to-stream-a-webcam-from-the-raspberry-pi/
ffmpeg+ffserver搭建流媒体服务器
http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-9688646-id-3399113.html
基于ffmpeg的流媒体服务器
http://www.cnblogs.com/lidabo/p/3701071.html