jvm调试参数说明

jvm调试参数主要分为以下三个部分：Trace跟踪参数、堆的分配参数、栈的分配参数。

Trace跟踪参数

-XX:+printGC 可以打印GC的简要信息

[GC 4790K->374K(15872K), 0.0001606 secs]

-XX:+PrintGCDetails 打印GC详细信息

-XX:+PrintGCTimeStamps 打印CG发生的时间戳

[GC[DefNew: 4416K->0K(4928K), 0.0001897 secs] 4790K->374K(15872K), 0.0002232 secs] [Times: user=0.00 sys=0.00, real=0.00 secs]

-XX:+PrintGCDetails的输出
Heap
def new generation total 13824K, used 11223K [0x27e80000, 0x28d80000, 0x28d80000)
eden space 12288K, 91% used [0x27e80000, 0x28975f20, 0x28a80000)
from space 1536K, 0% used [0x28a80000, 0x28a80000, 0x28c00000)
to space 1536K, 0% used [0x28c00000, 0x28c00000, 0x28d80000)
tenured generation total 5120K, used 0K [0x28d80000, 0x29280000, 0x34680000)
the space 5120K, 0% used [0x28d80000, 0x28d80000, 0x28d80200, 0x29280000)
compacting perm gen total 12288K, used 142K [0x34680000, 0x35280000, 0x38680000)
the space 12288K, 1% used [0x34680000, 0x346a3a90, 0x346a3c00, 0x35280000)
ro space 10240K, 44% used [0x38680000, 0x38af73f0, 0x38af7400, 0x39080000)
rw space 12288K, 52% used [0x39080000, 0x396cdd28, 0x396cde00, 0x39c80000)

重新向gc log

-Xloggc:log/gc.log

指定GC log的位置，以文件输出
帮助开发人员分析问题

-XX:+PrintHeapAtGC 每次一次GC后，都打印堆信息

{Heap before GC invocations=0 (full 0):
def new generation total 3072K, used 2752K [0x33c80000, 0x33fd0000, 0x33fd0000)
eden space 2752K, 100% used [0x33c80000, 0x33f30000, 0x33f30000)
from space 320K, 0% used [0x33f30000, 0x33f30000, 0x33f80000)
to space 320K, 0% used [0x33f80000, 0x33f80000, 0x33fd0000)
tenured generation total 6848K, used 0K [0x33fd0000, 0x34680000, 0x34680000)
the space 6848K, 0% used [0x33fd0000, 0x33fd0000, 0x33fd0200, 0x34680000)
compacting perm gen total 12288K, used 143K [0x34680000, 0x35280000, 0x38680000)
the space 12288K, 1% used [0x34680000, 0x346a3c58, 0x346a3e00, 0x35280000)
ro space 10240K, 44% used [0x38680000, 0x38af73f0, 0x38af7400, 0x39080000)
rw space 12288K, 52% used [0x39080000, 0x396cdd28, 0x396cde00, 0x39c80000)
[GC[DefNew: 2752K->320K(3072K), 0.0014296 secs] 2752K->377K(9920K), 0.0014604 secs] [Times: user=0.00 sys=0.00, real=0.00 secs]
Heap after GC invocations=1 (full 0):
def new generation total 3072K, used 320K [0x33c80000, 0x33fd0000, 0x33fd0000)
eden space 2752K, 0% used [0x33c80000, 0x33c80000, 0x33f30000)
from space 320K, 100% used [0x33f80000, 0x33fd0000, 0x33fd0000)
to space 320K, 0% used [0x33f30000, 0x33f30000, 0x33f80000)
tenured generation total 6848K, used 57K [0x33fd0000, 0x34680000, 0x34680000)
the space 6848K, 0% used [0x33fd0000, 0x33fde458, 0x33fde600, 0x34680000)
compacting perm gen total 12288K, used 143K [0x34680000, 0x35280000, 0x38680000)
the space 12288K, 1% used [0x34680000, 0x346a3c58, 0x346a3e00, 0x35280000)
ro space 10240K, 44% used [0x38680000, 0x38af73f0, 0x38af7400, 0x39080000)
rw space 12288K, 52% used [0x39080000, 0x396cdd28, 0x396cde00, 0x39c80000)
}

-XX:+TraceClassLoading 监控类的加载

[Loaded java.lang.Object from shared objects file]
[Loaded java.io.Serializable from shared objects file]
[Loaded java.lang.Comparable from shared objects file]
[Loaded java.lang.CharSequence from shared objects file]
[Loaded java.lang.String from shared objects file]
[Loaded java.lang.reflect.GenericDeclaration from shared objects file]
[Loaded java.lang.reflect.Type from shared objects file]

-XX:+PrintClassHistogram 按下Ctrl+Break后，打印类的信息：

num instances bytes class name

1:        890617      470266000  [B
2:        890643       21375432  java.util.HashMap$Node
3:        890608       14249728  java.lang.Long
4:            13        8389712  [Ljava.util.HashMap$Node;
5:          2062         371680  [C
6:           463          41904  java.lang.Class

分别显示：序号、实例数量、总大小、类型

堆的分配参数

-Xmx –Xms 指定最大堆和最小堆

-Xmx20m -Xms5m 运行代码：
System.out.print(“Xmx=”);
System.out.println(Runtime.getRuntime().maxMemory()/1024.0/1024+“M”);

System.out.print(“free mem=”);
System.out.println(Runtime.getRuntime().freeMemory()/1024.0/1024+“M”);

System.out.print(“total mem=”);
System.out.println(Runtime.getRuntime().totalMemory()/1024.0/1024+“M”);

-Xmn 设置新生代大小

-XX:NewRatio

新生代（eden+2*s）和老年代（不包含永久区）的比值
4 表示 新生代:老年代=1:4，即年轻代占堆的1/5

-XX:SurvivorRatio

设置两个Survivor区和eden的比
8表示 两个Survivor :eden=2:8，即一个Survivor占年轻代的1/10

-XX:+HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError

OOM时导出堆到文件

-XX:+HeapDumpPath

导出OOM的路径

demo

-Xmx20m -Xms5m -XX:+HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError -XX:HeapDumpPath=d:/a.dump
Vector v=new Vector();
for(int i=0;i<25;i++)
v.add(new byte[110241024]);

-XX:OnOutOfMemoryError

在OOM时，执行一个脚本
"-XX:OnOutOfMemoryError=D:/tools/jdk1.7_40/bin/printstack.bat %p“
当程序OOM时，在D:/a.txt中将会生成线程的dump
可以在OOM时，发送邮件，甚至是重启程序

堆的分配参数

根据实际事情调整新生代和幸存代的大小
官方推荐新生代占堆的3/8
幸存代占新生代的1/10
在OOM时，记得Dump出堆，确保可以排查现场问题

永久区分配参数

-XX:PermSize -XX:MaxPermSize
设置永久区的初始空间和最大空间
他们表示，一个系统可以容纳多少个类型

栈大小分配

-Xss
通常只有几百K
决定了函数调用的深度
每个线程都有独立的栈空间
局部变量、参数 分配在栈上