我们在使用多线程的时候,往往需要创建Thread类,或者实现Runnable接口,如果要使用到线程池,我们还需要来创建Executors,在使用spring中,已经给我们做了很好的支持。只要要@EnableAsync就可以使用多线程。使用@Async就可以定义一个线程任务。通过spring给我们提供的ThreadPoolTaskExecutor就可以使用线程池。下面举个例子来说明
首先定义配置类
[java] view plain copy
- package com.hy.spring.test7;
-
- import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
-
- import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
- import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
- import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
- import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableAsync;
- import org.springframework.scheduling.concurrent.ThreadPoolTaskExecutor;
-
- @Configuration
- @ComponentScan("com.hy.spring.test7")
- @EnableAsync // 启用异步任务
- public class ThreadConfig {
-
- // 执行需要依赖线程池,这里就来配置一个线程池
- @Bean
- public Executor getExecutor() {
- ThreadPoolTaskExecutor executor = new ThreadPoolTaskExecutor();
- executor.setCorePoolSize(5);
- executor.setMaxPoolSize(10);
- executor.setQueueCapacity(25);
- executor.initialize();
- return executor;
- }
- }
定义要执行的任务
[java] view plain copy
- package com.hy.spring.test7;
-
- import java.util.Random;
- import java.util.UUID;
-
- import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Async;
- import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
-
- @Service
- public class AsynTaskService {
-
- @Async // 这里进行标注为异步任务,在执行此方法的时候,会单独开启线程来执行
- public void f1() {
- System.out.println("f1 : " + Thread.currentThread().getName() + " " + UUID.randomUUID().toString());
- try {
- Thread.sleep(new Random().nextInt(100));
- } catch (InterruptedException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
-
- @Async
- public void f2() {
- System.out.println("f2 : " + Thread.currentThread().getName() + " " + UUID.randomUUID().toString());
- try {
- Thread.sleep(100);
- } catch (InterruptedException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
- }
测试类
[java] view plain copy
- package com.hy.spring.test7;
-
- import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;
-
- public class Main {
-
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(ThreadConfig.class);
- AsynTaskService service = context.getBean(AsynTaskService.class);
-
- for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
- service.f1(); // 执行异步任务
- service.f2();
- }
- context.close();
- }
- }
输出结果
f1 : ThreadPoolTaskExecutor-5 20e6ba88-ae51-42b9-aac6-ed399419fe6d
f2 : ThreadPoolTaskExecutor-2 0d7b1da4-e045-4d58-9054-e793f931cae1
f2 : ThreadPoolTaskExecutor-4 17b8d7c7-24e3-4bcf-b4da-822650a8f0be
f1 : ThreadPoolTaskExecutor-3 a9b32322-1c9b-4fc7-9c2a-1f7a81f2b089
f1 : ThreadPoolTaskExecutor-1 13a85fde-73c7-4c9b-9bb2-92405d1d3ac4
f2 : ThreadPoolTaskExecutor-3 8896caaf-381c-4fc3-ab0f-a42fcc25e5fd
f1 : ThreadPoolTaskExecutor-5 48246589-f8e9-4e9c-b017-8586bf14c0b0
f2 : ThreadPoolTaskExecutor-1 291b03ea-154f-46ba-bc41-69a61d1dd4d5
f1 : ThreadPoolTaskExecutor-4 856d8f48-70b4-475a-80cc-27d1635be36b
f2 : ThreadPoolTaskExecutor-2 1f7b1918-cf10-49a3-aaec-7b97a3a67e7d
f1 : ThreadPoolTaskExecutor-3 12e56d3f-d042-42dd-a387-3de80201c3b2
f2 : ThreadPoolTaskExecutor-5 bf0dbc97-61d8-4644-9ae4-4d711228198d
f1 : ThreadPoolTaskExecutor-3 4c58793a-394e-4241-87e6-fff1f480518d
f2 : ThreadPoolTaskExecutor-4 fa1d4484-d3a4-4303-9ffe-b6aaa791b157
f1 : ThreadPoolTaskExecutor-1 67144d54-d158-4c6a-865e-b80668515bea
f2 : ThreadPoolTaskExecutor-2 c48cfa18-48d4-4778-8f09-04b779338816
f1 : ThreadPoolTaskExecutor-3 30143849-3c49-4128-a811-f6468a091114
f2 : ThreadPoolTaskExecutor-5 58603271-ee4e-40c9-b6ff-199d32dfb02a
f1 : ThreadPoolTaskExecutor-1 3b0ce7ff-fdff-4e23-bb44-d1a0c1148982
f2 : ThreadPoolTaskExecutor-3 cb9a1543-955a-4bc9-b4e9-6b61188371ee
可以看到我们两个任务是异步进行的。
下面关于线程池的配置还有一种方式,就是直接实现AsyncConfigurer接口,重写getAsyncExecutor方法即可,代码如下
[java] view plain copy
- package com.hy.spring.test7;
-
- import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
-
- import org.springframework.aop.interceptor.AsyncUncaughtExceptionHandler;
- import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
- import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
- import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.AsyncConfigurer;
- import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableAsync;
- import org.springframework.scheduling.concurrent.ThreadPoolTaskExecutor;
-
- @Configuration
- @ComponentScan("com.hy.spring.test7")
- @EnableAsync
- public class ThreadConfig implements AsyncConfigurer {
-
- @Override
- public Executor getAsyncExecutor() {
- ThreadPoolTaskExecutor executor = new ThreadPoolTaskExecutor();
- executor.setCorePoolSize(5);
- executor.setMaxPoolSize(10);
- executor.setQueueCapacity(25);
- executor.initialize();
- return executor;
- }
-
- @Override
- public AsyncUncaughtExceptionHandler getAsyncUncaughtExceptionHandler() {
- return null;
- }
-
- }