List写入Excel，poi操作
前言：公司最近需要将所有的报表导出集中到报表中心系统中，需要做一个通用的Excel工具类，让各个业务系统简单高效的生成Excel报表。由于原先各个业务系统生成报表方式都不一样(有的地方还直接使用了CSV)，因此需要统一生成Excel。
本来想用easy-poi，但是发现过于复杂，而且我们的需求也偏简单，因此直接使用的是poi原生，使用的是3.8，本来想用新的3.15，但是发现业务系统已经使用了poi3.8，如果我这边使用poui3.15就会出现问题(问题就是程序运行到那个高版本的代码处，而低版本没有那个方法的话，就直接结束，异常什么都没有，这是一个大坑)。
简单粗暴直接贴代码：pom.xml
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.poigroupId>
<artifactId>poi-ooxmlartifactId>
<version>3.8version>
dependency>工具类
package liwenguang.demo.poi.util;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.text.DateFormat;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map.Entry;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFFont;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.openxml4j.opc.OPCPackage;
import org.apache.poi.poifs.filesystem.NPOIFSFileSystem;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.CellStyle;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Font;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.WorkbookFactory;
import org.apache.poi.ss.util.CellRangeAddress;
import org.apache.poi.ss.util.CellUtil;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.streaming.SXSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;
public class ExcelUtil<T> {
/**
* 传入一个模板文件，将模板文件复制到另一个文件里，以后就直接拿复制之后的文件进行操作，而不要动模板文件
*
* @param templateFile
* 模板文件必须存在
* @param outPutUrl
* 输出文件如果存在则会被覆盖
*/
public static void copyTemplate(File templateFile, String outPutUrl, ReportFileTypeEnum fileTyle) {
Workbook wb = null;
NPOIFSFileSystem npoifs = null;
OPCPackage pkg = null;
switch (fileTyle) {
case XLS:
try {
npoifs = new NPOIFSFileSystem(templateFile);
wb = WorkbookFactory.create(npoifs);
} catch (Exception e1) {
e1.printStackTrace();
} finally {
}
break;
case XLSX:
try {
pkg = OPCPackage.openOrCreate(templateFile);
wb = WorkbookFactory.create(pkg);
} catch (Exception e1) {
e1.printStackTrace();
} finally {
}
break;
default:
throw new RuntimeException();
}
try (FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream(outPutUrl)) {
wb.write(fileOut);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (npoifs != null) {
try {
npoifs.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
if (pkg != null) {
try {
pkg.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
/**
* 将文件变成带数据的文件
* @param wb
* @param fileTyle
* @param data 数据
* @param rowNo 从哪行开始写数据
* @param columnNo 从哪列开始写数据
* @param dataHeight 表头的高度
* @param headers 头
*/
public static void file2FileWithData(Workbook wb, ReportFileTypeEnum fileTyle, List data, int rowNo,
int columnNo, int dataHeight,
Object... headers) {
switch (fileTyle) {
case XLS:
file2FileWithDataXls(wb, data, rowNo, columnNo, dataHeight, headers);
break;
case XLSX:
file2FileWithDataXlsx(wb, data, rowNo, columnNo, dataHeight, headers);
break;
default:
throw new RuntimeException();
}
}
// 字符基数，设置为5cm
private final static int WIDTH_BASE = (int) ((5 + 0.72) * 256);
/**
* 通过代码生成模板文件
*
* @param outTemplate
* 模板文件生成之后的地址
* @param dataCount
* 数据大小，用于生成sheet
* @param excelTitle
* 模板文件中的第一行的标题
* @param titleHeight
* 字体大小
* @param fileType
* 文件类型 JobReport.XLS/XLSX
* @param width
* value为第几列，key为该列的宽度，基数为@WIDTH_BASE
* @param excelHeaders
* 模板文件中第二行的表头
*/
public static void code2Tempalte(String outTemplate, int dataCount, String excelTitle, int titleHeight,
ReportFileTypeEnum fileType, HashMap width,
Object... excelHeaders) {
FileOutputStream fileOut = null;
Workbook wb = null;
// 如果数据量大于65000则进行分sheet。
if (fileType.equals(ReportFileTypeEnum.XLSX)) {
wb = new XSSFWorkbook();
int sheetSize = dataCount / 65000 + 1;
for (int i = 0; i < sheetSize; i++) {
wb.createSheet("Sheet" + i);
}
wb.createSheet();
} else if (fileType.equals(ReportFileTypeEnum.XLS)) {
wb = new HSSFWorkbook();
int sheetSize = dataCount / 65000 + 1;
for (int i = 0; i < sheetSize; i++) {
wb.createSheet("Sheet" + i);
}
} else {
throw new RuntimeException();
}
try {
fileOut = new FileOutputStream(outTemplate);
// 如果模板有两个sheet，则需要在每个sheet都做一个表头和表标题
int sumSheet = wb.getNumberOfSheets();
for (int i = 0; i < sumSheet; i++) {
Sheet sheet0 = wb.getSheetAt(i);
// 开始设置每列的宽度
Iterator> iter = width.entrySet().iterator();
while (iter.hasNext()) {
Entry entry = iter.next();
Integer key = entry.getKey();
Integer val = entry.getValue();
sheet0.setColumnWidth(key, WIDTH_BASE * val);
}
Row row0 = sheet0.createRow(0);
row0.setHeightInPoints(2 * row0.getHeightInPoints());
// 设置样式
CellStyle style = wb.createCellStyle();
style.setVerticalAlignment(CellStyle.VERTICAL_CENTER); // 垂直居中
style.setAlignment(CellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER); // 水平居中
Font font = wb.createFont();
font.setFontHeightInPoints((short) titleHeight);
font.setFontName("Courier New");
font.setBoldweight(HSSFFont.BOLDWEIGHT_BOLD);
style.setFont(font);
// 设置表标题
CellUtil.createCell(row0, 0, excelTitle, style); // 第一个参数为哪行，第二个参数为当行的第几列，0起始
String ref = "A1:" + (char) (excelHeaders.length + 64) + "1"; // 将数字变成字母，使用了ascll
CellRangeAddress region = CellRangeAddress.valueOf(ref); // 合并
sheet0.addMergedRegion(region);
// 设置表头
Row row1 = sheet0.createRow(1);
row1.setHeightInPoints(2 * row1.getHeightInPoints());
for (int j = 0; j < excelHeaders.length; j++) {
CellUtil.createCell(row1, j, excelHeaders[j].toString(), style);
}
}
wb.write(fileOut);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (fileOut != null) {
try {
fileOut.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
/**
* 宽度自适应
*
* @param wb
* @param columnAutoWidth
* 哪些列进行宽度自适应，如果表头的宽度大于数据宽度，不要补齐
*/
@Deprecated
public static void fixWidth(Workbook wb, int[] columnAutoWidth) {
if (columnAutoWidth == null) {
return;
}
int sum = wb.getNumberOfSheets();
Sheet sheet0 = null;
for (int i = 0; i < sum; i++) {
sheet0 = wb.getSheetAt(i);
for (int j = 0; j < columnAutoWidth.length; j++) {
sheet0.autoSizeColumn(columnAutoWidth[j]);
}
}
}
/**
* 通过传入excel格式，返回不同excel的实例
*
* @param fileType
* @param fo
* @return
*/
public static Workbook getWorkbookInstance(ReportFileTypeEnum fileType, FileInputStream fo) {
Workbook workbookResult = null;
switch (fileType) {
case XLSX:
XSSFWorkbook workbook1 = null;
try {
workbook1 = new XSSFWorkbook(fo);
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
workbookResult = new SXSSFWorkbook(workbook1);
break;
case XLS:
try {
workbookResult = new HSSFWorkbook(fo);
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
break;
default:
throw new RuntimeException();
}
return workbookResult;
}
/**
* 传入文件路径，以及设置从第几行第几列开始写入数据，再给数据，最终将该文件填充数据。如果想进行循环分页，则data变化，rowNo变化即可，columnNo在一般情况下不用变化
*
* @param outPutUrl
* 最终文件URL(文件必须存在，并且文件是模板文件的复制文件，因为操作为直接操作此URL文件，如果是模板文件的原地址，则模板文件就会变化)
* @param data
* 通过数据库查询到的page后获得的list
* @param rowNo
* 左上角的Y坐标，0开始 → x
* @param columnNo
* 左上角的X坐标，0开始↓ y
* @param dataHeight
* 数据的高度
* @param headers
* excel数据的顺序，只使用到了key
*/
private static void file2FileWithDataXlsx(Workbook wb, List data, int rowNo, int columnNo, int dataHeight,
Object... headers) {
int sheetIndex = rowNo / 100000;
if (rowNo > sheetIndex * 100000 && rowNo < (sheetIndex + 1) * 100000) {
rowNo = rowNo - sheetIndex * 100000;
}
file2FileWithData(wb, data, rowNo, columnNo, dataHeight, sheetIndex, headers);
}
private static void file2FileWithData(Workbook wb, List data, int rowNo, int columnNo, int dataHeight,
int sheetIndex,
Object... headers) {
Sheet sheet0 = wb.getSheetAt(sheetIndex);
CellStyle style = wb.createCellStyle();
Font font = wb.createFont();
font.setFontHeightInPoints((short) dataHeight);
font.setFontName("Courier New");
style.setFont(font);
style.setAlignment(CellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER); // 水平居中
style.setVerticalAlignment(CellStyle.VERTICAL_CENTER); // 垂直居中
Iterator iterator = data.iterator();
float rowHeight = 0;
DateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
for (int i = rowNo; iterator.hasNext();) {
Model t = (Model) iterator.next();
rowHeight = sheet0.getRow(0).getHeightInPoints();
Row row = sheet0.getRow(i);
if (row == null) {
row = sheet0.createRow(i);
}
row.setHeightInPoints(rowHeight * 2 / 3);
i++;
int j = columnNo;
for (int j2 = 0; j2 < headers.length; j2++) {
Object finalrowStr = t.get(headers[j2].toString());
Cell cell = row.getCell(j, Row.CREATE_NULL_AS_BLANK);
j++;
if (finalrowStr == null) {
finalrowStr = "";
}
cell.setCellValue(finalrowStr.toString());
cell.setCellStyle(style);
}
}
}
private static void file2FileWithDataXls(Workbook wb, List data, int rowNo, int columnNo, int dataHeight,
Object... headers) {
int sheetIndex = rowNo / 65000;
if (rowNo > sheetIndex * 65000 && rowNo < (sheetIndex + 1) * 65000) {
rowNo = rowNo - sheetIndex * 65000;
}
file2FileWithData(wb, data, rowNo, columnNo, dataHeight, sheetIndex, headers);
}
/**
* 用于给Excel创建Sheet，使用模板文件而不是code生成模板文件才需要执行这个方法
*
* @param workbook
* @param dataCount
* @param bufferSize
*/
public static void createSheet(Workbook workbook, int dataCount) {
int sheetSum = dataCount / 65000;
for (int i = 0; i < sheetSum; i++) {
workbook.cloneSheet(0);
}
}
} 简单的测试，由于使用的是JFinal里面的Model，因为模拟了数据源
package liwenguang.demo.poi;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
import java.util.List;
import liwenguang.demo.poi.util.ScheduleJob;
import liwenguang.demo.poi.util.TemplateToXlsx;
public class Example {
public static void main(String args[]) {
List dataCode0 = new ArrayList();
ScheduleJob job4 = new ScheduleJob();
job4.set("name", "天下");
job4.set("mobile", "13554481001");
job4.set("memberId", "900115336000003");
job4.set("openId", "oVDyijumNgKEbAEO-LJAbhs4utqY");
job4.set("subscribe", "取消关注");
job4.set("subscribeTime", "2015/9/14 12:11:57");
job4.set("time", "2015/12/2 16:25:04");
dataCode0.add(job4);
ScheduleJob job5 = new ScheduleJob();
job5.set("name", "天下无双");
job5.set("mobile", "13554481001");
job5.set("memberId", "900115336000003");
job5.set("openId", "oVDyijumNgKEbAEO-LJAbhs4utqY");
job5.set("subscribe", "取消关注");
job5.set("subscribeTime", "2015/9/14 12:11:57");
job5.set("time", "2015/12/2 16:25:04");
dataCode0.add(job5);
List dataCode1 = new ArrayList();
ScheduleJob job6 = new ScheduleJob();
job6.set("name", "天下无双第一");
job6.set("mobile", "13554481001");
job6.set("memberId", "900115336000003");
job6.set("openId", "oVDyijumNgKEbAEO-LJAbhs4utqY");
job6.set("subscribe", "取消关注");
job6.set("subscribeTime", "2015/9/14 12:11:57");
job6.set("time", "2015/12/2 16:25:04");
dataCode1.add(job6);
LinkedHashMap headersCode = new LinkedHashMap();
headersCode.put("name", "昵称");
headersCode.put("mobile", "手机号");
headersCode.put("memberId", "会员号");
headersCode.put("openId", "OpenId");
headersCode.put("subscribe", "关注状态");
headersCode.put("subscribeTime", "关注时间");
headersCode.put("time", "绑定时间");
TemplateToXlsx xml = new TemplateToXlsx();
String code2temlateUrl = "D:\\export\\code2template.xlsx";
String copytemplate2Url = "D:\\export\\copytemplate.xlsx";
// 两种获取模板的的方式，一种代码生成，一种直接从模板fileUrl复制。
xml.code2Tempalte(code2temlateUrl, "会员报表导出-营销模块", 12, true,
headersCode.values().toArray());
xml.copyTemplate(code2temlateUrl, copytemplate2Url);
// 两种写入数据的方式，一种一次性写入，一种分页，都是同一个方法。
int pageSize = 2;
for (int i = 0; i < pageSize; i++) {
if (i == 0) {
xml.file2FileWithData(code2temlateUrl, dataCode0, 2, 0, new int[] { 0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 6 },
headersCode.keySet().toArray());
}
if (i == 1) {
xml.file2FileWithData(code2temlateUrl, dataCode1, 2 + i * dataCode0.size(), 0,
new int[] { 0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 6 },
headersCode.keySet().toArray());
}
}
}
} package liwenguang.demo.poi.util;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
public class Model {
private Map attrs = new HashMap();
public void set(String attr, Object value) {
attrs.put(attr, value);
}
public Object get(String attr) {
return attrs.get(attr);
}
public Set entrySet() {
return attrs.entrySet();
}
}
package liwenguang.demo.poi.util;
/**
* @Description 定时任务的操作枚举
* @author cylion
* @time 2017年5月31日 下午5:10:31
*/
public enum ReportFileTypeEnum {
XLSX(0, ".xlsx"),
XLS(1, ".xls");
int status;
String statusDesc;
private ReportFileTypeEnum(int status,String statusDesc){
this.status=status;
this.statusDesc=statusDesc;
}
public int getStatus(){
return status;
}
public String getStatusDesc(){
return statusDesc;
}
public static ReportFileTypeEnum getType(int status){
for (ReportFileTypeEnum excelFileTypeEnums : ReportFileTypeEnum.values()) {
if (excelFileTypeEnums.getStatus() == status) {
return excelFileTypeEnums;
}
}
return null;
}
public static String getStatusDesc(int status){
return getType(status).getStatusDesc();
}
}package liwenguang.demo.poi.util;
public class ScheduleJob extends Model {
}package liwenguang.demo.poi;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
import java.util.List;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook;
import liwenguang.demo.poi.util.ExcelUtil;
import liwenguang.demo.poi.util.ReportFileTypeEnum;
import liwenguang.demo.poi.util.ScheduleJob;
public class Example {
private static final ReportFileTypeEnum X = ReportFileTypeEnum.XLSX;
public static void main(String args[]) {
List dataCode0 = new ArrayList();
for (int i = 0; i < 65000; i++) {
ScheduleJob job6 = new ScheduleJob();
job6.set("name", "天下无双第一");
job6.set("mobile", "13554481001");
job6.set("memberId", "900115336000003");
job6.set("openId", "oVDyijumNgKEbAEO-LJAbhs4utqY");
job6.set("subscribe", "取消关注");
job6.set("subscribeTime", "2015/9/14 12:11:57");
job6.set("time", "2015/12/2 16:25:04");
dataCode0.add(job6);
}
List dataCode1 = new ArrayList();
for (int i = 0; i < 65000; i++) {
ScheduleJob job6 = new ScheduleJob();
job6.set("name", "天下无双第一");
job6.set("mobile", "13554481001");
job6.set("memberId", "900115336000003");
job6.set("openId", "oVDyijumNgKEbAEO-LJAbhs4utqY");
job6.set("subscribe", "取消关注");
job6.set("subscribeTime", "2015/9/14 12:11:57");
job6.set("time", "2015/12/2 16:25:04");
dataCode1.add(job6);
}
LinkedHashMap headersCode = new LinkedHashMap();
headersCode.put("name", "昵称");
headersCode.put("mobile", "手机号");
headersCode.put("memberId", "会员号");
headersCode.put("openId", "OpenId");
headersCode.put("subscribe", "关注状态");
headersCode.put("subscribeTime", "关注时间");
headersCode.put("time", "绑定时间");
String code2temlateUrl = "D:\\export\\code2template" + X.getStatusDesc();
String copytemplate2Url = "D:\\export\\copytemplate" + X.getStatusDesc();
if (!new File("D:\\export").exists()) {
new File("D:\\export").mkdir();
}
HashMap width = new HashMap<>();
width.put(0, 3);
width.put(1, 3);
width.put(2, 3);
width.put(3, 3);
width.put(4, 3);
width.put(5, 3);
width.put(6, 3);
// 两种获取模板的的方式，一种代码生成，一种直接从模板fileUrl复制。
ExcelUtil.code2Tempalte(code2temlateUrl, dataCode1.size(), "会员报表导出-营销模块", 12, X, width,
headersCode.values().toArray());
File file = new File(code2temlateUrl);
if (!file.exists() || !file.isFile()) {
System.out.println("文件不存在");
return;
}
ExcelUtil.copyTemplate(file, copytemplate2Url, X);
try {
Workbook wb = ExcelUtil.getWorkbookInstance(X, new FileInputStream(copytemplate2Url));
int rowNo = 2; // 起始操作的行
int rowSum = 0;
ExcelUtil.file2FileWithData(wb, X, dataCode0, rowNo, 0, 12,
headersCode.keySet().toArray());
rowSum = 2 + dataCode0.size();
ExcelUtil.file2FileWithData(wb, X, dataCode1, rowSum, 0, 12,
headersCode.keySet().toArray());
FileOutputStream out = null;
out = new FileOutputStream(copytemplate2Url);
wb.write(out);
out.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}