libjpeg-turbo库用于jpeg图像编解码,上一节说了编译过程:编译libjpeg-turbo 。现在说说jpeg的编码、解码使用方法。
Windows上GDI接口支持的都是位图格式(DDB\DIB)图像,这里只说bmp编码成jpeg格式图片并保存到本地和jpeg解码成bmp格式并保存到本地。
int Bmp2Jpeg_Compress(void* lpBmpBuffer, int nWidth, int nHeight, OUT void** ppJpegBuffer, OUT unsigned long* pOutSize)
{
jpeg_compress_struct toWriteInfo;
jpeg_error_mgr errorMgr;
toWriteInfo.err = jpeg_std_error(&errorMgr);
//注册失败的回调函数
toWriteInfo.err->error_exit = error_exit;
jpeg_create_compress(&toWriteInfo);
//保存压缩后的图片
//FILE* fp = NULL;
//_wfopen_s(&fp, L"c:\\output.jpg", L"wb+");
//jpeg_stdio_dest(&toWriteInfo, fp);
//确定要用于输出压缩的jpeg的数据空间
jpeg_mem_dest(&toWriteInfo, (unsigned char**)ppJpegBuffer, pOutSize);
toWriteInfo.image_width = nWidth;
toWriteInfo.image_height = nHeight;
toWriteInfo.jpeg_width = nWidth / 2;
toWriteInfo.jpeg_height = nHeight / 2;
toWriteInfo.input_components = 4;// 在此为1,表示灰度图, 如果是彩色位图,则为4
toWriteInfo.in_color_space = JCS_EXT_BGRA; //JCS_GRAYSCALE表示灰度图,JCS_RGB表示彩色图像
jpeg_set_defaults(&toWriteInfo);
jpeg_set_quality(&toWriteInfo, 100, TRUE); //设置压缩质量100表示100%
jpeg_start_compress(&toWriteInfo, TRUE);
int nRowStride = nWidth*4; // 如果不是索引图,此处需要乘以4
JSAMPROW row_pointer[1]; // 一行位图
while (toWriteInfo.next_scanline < toWriteInfo.image_height)
{
row_pointer[0] = (JSAMPROW)((unsigned char*)lpBmpBuffer + toWriteInfo.next_scanline*nRowStride);
jpeg_write_scanlines(&toWriteInfo, row_pointer, 1);
}
jpeg_finish_compress(&toWriteInfo);
jpeg_destroy_compress(&toWriteInfo);
return 0;
}
传入读取的bmp文件二进制数据,输出编码后的jpeg流和大小。
input_components指定为4个字节,目前的Windows支持的都是32位位图;nRowStride = nWidth*4 表示每一行位图数据的字节数,每个像素4字节;还有一个关键的地方in_color_space = JCS_EXT_BGRA,涉及到Windows中数据在内存中的排列方式(little-endian, 低字节存放在内存的低位)ARGB在内存中为BGRA(PS 我尝试过使用JCS_EXT_ARGB,结果颜色全部取反了)。
编码完成后,直接写入文件即可保存为jpeg文件:
//libjpeg为我们压缩好了jpeg数据,只需要往文件里面写入即可
FILE* fpOut = NULL;
fopen_s(&fpOut, "c:\\out.jpg", "wb+");
if (fp)
{
fwrite(pOutBuffer, 1, lOutSize, fpOut);
fclose(fpOut);
}
int Jpeg2DIB_DeCompress(void* lpJpegBuffer, unsigned long nInSize, OUT void** ppDibBuffer, OUT unsigned long* pOutSize, OUT int* pWidth, OUT int* pHeight)
{
jpeg_decompress_struct cInfo;
jpeg_create_decompress(&cInfo);
jpeg_error_mgr errorMgr;
cInfo.err = jpeg_std_error(&errorMgr);
cInfo.err->error_exit = error_exit;
jpeg_mem_src(&cInfo, (const unsigned char*)lpJpegBuffer, nInSize);
jpeg_read_header(&cInfo, TRUE);
jpeg_start_decompress(&cInfo);
JSAMPROW row_pointer[1];
int nBitCounts = cInfo.num_components * 8;
int nWidthBits = cInfo.image_width*cInfo.num_components;// ((cInfo.image_width*nBitCounts + 31) >> 5) << 2;
unsigned long lOutSize = nWidthBits*cInfo.image_height;
unsigned char* pOutBuffer = (unsigned char*)malloc(lOutSize);
row_pointer[0] = pOutBuffer;
while (cInfo.output_scanline
unsigned long lOutSize = nWidthBits*cInfo.image_height 通过jpeg图片的尺寸计算DIB数据区大小,通常是高度*宽度*像素字节数。
和编码一样,解码时jpeg库也是一行一行进行的循环调用 jpeg_read_scanlines。
这样解码后,并不是真正的DIB数据,因为cInfo.num_components=3,也就是说解码的数据是RGB的,每个像素占用3个字节。我们需要再次转换成ARGB的Windows上支持的DIB格式。
//RGB to ARGB
unsigned long nDestSize = nWidth * 4 * nHeight;
DWORD* pArgbData = (DWORD*)malloc(nDestSize);
DWORD* pArgbDataTemp = pArgbData;
unsigned char* pRgbData = (unsigned char*)lpOutData;
int nOffset = nOutSize-3, i = 0;
while (nOffset>=0)
{
/*注意,在window系统中内存以little-endian存储,即低字节存放在内存的低位 0xARGB -- 0xBGRA
/除去忽略的A 即alpha通道位 读取内存中的数据为 BGR 需要转换成 RGB
/bmp位图会忽略掉alpha通道位,设置成任意数值都可以以
*/
DWORD dwColor = 0x00000000 + RGB(pRgbData[nOffset+2], pRgbData[nOffset + 1], pRgbData[nOffset]);
*pArgbDataTemp = dwColor;
pArgbDataTemp++;
nOffset -= 3;
}
循环转换后,得到的就是标准的DIB数据了,可以调用GDI API创建与之关联的位图句柄,然后贴图绘制到界面上。
BITMAP bmp = { 0 };
bmp.bmWidth = nWidth;
bmp.bmHeight = nHeight;
bmp.bmWidthBytes = nWidth * 4;
bmp.bmPlanes = 1;
bmp.bmBitsPixel = 32;
bmp.bmBits = pArgbData;
HBITMAP hBitmap = CreateBitmapIndirect(&bmp);
还可以把DIB数据保存到本地,bmp位图图像。
int SaveDIBToBmpFile(const char* pFile, void* pDibBuffer, unsigned long nBufferSize, int nWidth, int nHeight)
{
BITMAPFILEHEADER fHeader;
int nStructSize1 = sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER);
int nStructSize2 = sizeof(BITMAPINFO)-sizeof(RGBQUAD);
memset(&fHeader, 0, nStructSize1);
memcpy(&fHeader, "BM", 2);
fHeader.bfSize = nStructSize1 + nStructSize2 + nBufferSize;
fHeader.bfOffBits = nStructSize1 + nStructSize2;
BITMAPINFO bmpInfo = { nStructSize2 };
bmpInfo.bmiHeader.biWidth = nWidth;
bmpInfo.bmiHeader.biHeight = nHeight;
bmpInfo.bmiHeader.biPlanes = 1;
bmpInfo.bmiHeader.biBitCount = 32;
bmpInfo.bmiHeader.biCompression = BI_RGB;
bmpInfo.bmiHeader.biSizeImage = 0;
FILE* fp = NULL;
fopen_s(&fp, pFile, "wb+");
if (NULL == fp)
return -1;
/* 写入 bmp位图文件,
* 文件格式:位图文件头+位图信息头+位图数据
* 写入数据头前,需要填充相应的字段
* 详细结构说明,见 http://blog.csdn.net/mfcing/article/details/7451670
*/
fwrite(&fHeader, 1, nStructSize1, fp);
fwrite(&bmpInfo, 1, nStructSize2, fp);
fwrite(pDibBuffer, 1, nBufferSize, fp);
fclose(fp);
return 0;
}
本实例说的不够清楚,完整源码下载:http://download.csdn.net/detail/mfcing/9638178