新加磁盘并挂载,然后创建nfs

本文是在vmware 上面进行的操作:

1、新加磁盘并格式化

fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 64.4 GB, 64424509440 bytes, 125829120 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x000cf2c1

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *        2048      616447      307200   83  Linux
/dev/sda2          616448     4812799     2098176   82  Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda3         4812800   125829119    60508160   83  Linux

Disk /dev/sdb: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

[root@Test02 ~]# fdisk sdb
fdisk: cannot open sdb: No such file or directory
[root@Test02 ~]# fdisk  /dev/sdb

Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
   p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
   e   extended
Select (default p): p
Partition number (1-4, default 1): 
First sector (2048-20971519, default 2048): 
Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-20971519, default 20971519): 
Using default value 20971519
Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 10 GiB is set

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
##

Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
   p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
   e   extended
Select (default p): p
Partition number (1-4, default 1): 
First sector (2048-20971519, default 2048): 
Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-20971519, default 20971519): 
Using default value 20971519
Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 10 GiB is set

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
## 

Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
   p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
   e   extended
Select (default p): p
Partition number (1-4, default 1): 
First sector (2048-20971519, default 2048): 
Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-20971519, default 20971519): 
Using default value 20971519
Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 10 GiB is set

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
##lsblk -f                 显示文件系统

# dumpe2fs  /dev/sdb1            显示磁盘的uuid

#mkfs -t xfs /dev/sdb1 格式化

# 挂载磁盘比设置自动

[root@Test02 /]# mkdir data

[root@Test02 /]# mount /dev/sdb1 /data

在/etc/fstab 下面添加如下信息:

/dev/sdb1                /data            xfs        defaults   0 0

 

2、NFS 设置并安装

服务端和客户端必须软件nfs-utils,事实上在安装nfs-utils的同时,rpcbind作为依赖包被安装,因此无需再单独安装rpcbind。单独安装rpcbind时不会同时安装nfs-utils

(1)在服务器端设置:

[root@Test02 data]# cat /etc/exports
/data/   *(rw,no_root_squash)

(2)启动服务端的nfs和rpcbind服务,并将其设置为开机启动(作为服务器,应保证服务在每次重启之后都能迅速提供服务)

systemctl start nfs  、systemctl enable nfs、systemctl  status  nfs

systemctl start rpcbind   、systemctl enable rpcbind 、 systemctl status rpcbind

在服务端看下是否正确加载了设置的 /etc/exports 配置。   showmount -e localhost

(3)启动客户端nfs服务(客户端可以不启动rpcbind服务),挂载服务端nfs目录。

[root@Test01 ~]# systemctl start nfs

在客户端创建挂在目录 /nfs。挂载远端目录到本地 /share 目录

mount 192.168.44.133:/data   /nfs

在客户端设置开机自动挂载NFS服务:

echo “192.168.44.133:/data   /nfs nfs defaults 0 0”>>/etc/fstab

在服务端及客户端分别写入数据,发现只能在服务端对/nfs目录进行读写,而在客户端只能读取。因为都是使用root账户进行操作的,在客户端看到的root是指服务端的root而并非客户端的root。为了尽快使用、体验nfs服务,在服务端将/nfs目录的权限设置为7,此时就能愉快的体验nfs带来的乐趣了。但这并不严谨,不是我们想要达到的目标。
 

 

 

 

 

 

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