UVM糖果爱好者教程 - 27.打印消息冗余度
UVM具有丰富的报告功能。 本文介绍如何使用冗长阈值来过滤消息。
预定义的冗余度级别
UVM预先定义了六个详细程度; UVM_NONE到UVM_DEBUG。 这些级别只不过是整数枚举值（图中的括号显示值）。 带有UVM_NONE级别的消息始终打印，而具有其他详细级别的消息如果需要打印则需要更高的阈值。
预定于的冗余度级别
冗余度级别举例
作为一个例子，我添加了几个具有不同详细级别的uvm_info宏给功能覆盖率收集器和记分板。 这个宏有三个参数; `uvm_info（ID，MESSAGE，VERBOSITY_LEVEL）
Functional Coverage Subscriber
class jelly_bean_fc_subscriber extends uvm_subscriber#( jelly_bean_transaction );
// ...
function void write( jelly_bean_transaction t );
jb_tx = t;
jelly_bean_cg.sample();
// _ID__ _________________________MESSAGE__________________________ VERBOSITY_LEVEL
`uvm_info( "id1", { t.color.name(), " ", t.flavor.name(), " 1 UVM_DEBUG" }, UVM_DEBUG )
`uvm_info( "id1", { t.color.name(), " ", t.flavor.name(), " 2 UVM_FULL" }, UVM_FULL )
`uvm_info( "id1", { t.color.name(), " ", t.flavor.name(), " 3 UVM_HIGH" }, UVM_HIGH )
`uvm_info( "id1", { t.color.name(), " ", t.flavor.name(), " 4 UVM_MEDIUM" }, UVM_MEDIUM )
`uvm_info( "id1", { t.color.name(), " ", t.flavor.name(), " 5 UVM_LOW" }, UVM_LOW )
`uvm_info( "id1", { t.color.name(), " ", t.flavor.name(), " 6 UVM_NONE" }, UVM_NONE )
`uvm_info( "id2", { t.color.name(), " ", t.flavor.name(), " 7 UVM_DEBUG" }, UVM_DEBUG )
`uvm_info( "id2", { t.color.name(), " ", t.flavor.name(), " 8 UVM_FULL" }, UVM_FULL )
`uvm_info( "id2", { t.color.name(), " ", t.flavor.name(), " 9 UVM_HIGH" }, UVM_HIGH )
`uvm_info( "id2", { t.color.name(), " ", t.flavor.name(), " 10 UVM_MEDIUM" }, UVM_MEDIUM )
`uvm_info( "id2", { t.color.name(), " ", t.flavor.name(), " 11 UVM_LOW" }, UVM_LOW )
`uvm_info( "id2", { t.color.name(), " ", t.flavor.name(), " 12 UVM_NONE" }, UVM_NONE )
endfunction: write
endclass: jelly_bean_fc_subscriberScoreboard
class jelly_bean_sb_subscriber extends uvm_subscriber#( jelly_bean_transaction );
// ...
function void write( jelly_bean_transaction t );
if ( t.flavor == CHOCOLATE && t.sour && t.taste == YUMMY ||
! ( t.flavor == CHOCOLATE && t.sour ) && t.taste == YUCKY ) begin
`uvm_error( get_name(), { "You lost sense of taste!", t.convert2string() } )
end else begin
// _ID__ _________________________MESSAGE__________________________ VERBOSITY_LEVEL
`uvm_info( "id1", { t.color.name(), " ", t.flavor.name(), " 13 UVM_DEBUG" }, UVM_DEBUG )
`uvm_info( "id1", { t.color.name(), " ", t.flavor.name(), " 14 UVM_FULL" }, UVM_FULL )
`uvm_info( "id1", { t.color.name(), " ", t.flavor.name(), " 15 UVM_HIGH" }, UVM_HIGH )
`uvm_info( "id1", { t.color.name(), " ", t.flavor.name(), " 16 UVM_MEDIUM" }, UVM_MEDIUM )
`uvm_info( "id1", { t.color.name(), " ", t.flavor.name(), " 17 UVM_LOW" }, UVM_LOW )
`uvm_info( "id1", { t.color.name(), " ", t.flavor.name(), " 18 UVM_NONE" }, UVM_NONE )
`uvm_info( "id2", { t.color.name(), " ", t.flavor.name(), " 19 UVM_DEBUG" }, UVM_DEBUG )
`uvm_info( "id2", { t.color.name(), " ", t.flavor.name(), " 20 UVM_FULL" }, UVM_FULL )
`uvm_info( "id2", { t.color.name(), " ", t.flavor.name(), " 21 UVM_HIGH" }, UVM_HIGH )
`uvm_info( "id2", { t.color.name(), " ", t.flavor.name(), " 22 UVM_MEDIUM" }, UVM_MEDIUM )
`uvm_info( "id2", { t.color.name(), " ", t.flavor.name(), " 23 UVM_LOW" }, UVM_LOW )
`uvm_info( "id2", { t.color.name(), " ", t.flavor.name(), " 24 UVM_NONE" }, UVM_NONE )
end
endfunction: write
endclass: jelly_bean_sb_subscriber下图总结了上述两个组件中定义的消息。
默认冗余度阈值
如果我们不指定任何冗余度阈值，则UVM将默认使用UVM_MEDIUM。这意味着将打印所有带有UVM_NONE，UVM_LOW和UVM_MEDIUM的消息，但是带有UVM_HIGH，UVM_FULL和UVM_DEBUG的消息不会。
如果你运行一个仿真，你会得到这样的打印信息：
# KERNEL: UVM_INFO /home/runner/env.svh(43) @ 25: uvm_test_top.jb_env.jb_fc [id1] GREEN BUBBLE_GUM 4 UVM_MEDIUM
# KERNEL: UVM_INFO /home/runner/env.svh(44) @ 25: uvm_test_top.jb_env.jb_fc [id1] GREEN BUBBLE_GUM 5 UVM_LOW
# KERNEL: UVM_INFO /home/runner/env.svh(45) @ 25: uvm_test_top.jb_env.jb_fc [id1] GREEN BUBBLE_GUM 6 UVM_NONE
# KERNEL: UVM_INFO /home/runner/env.svh(50) @ 25: uvm_test_top.jb_env.jb_fc [id2] GREEN BUBBLE_GUM 10 UVM_MEDIUM
# KERNEL: UVM_INFO /home/runner/env.svh(51) @ 25: uvm_test_top.jb_env.jb_fc [id2] GREEN BUBBLE_GUM 11 UVM_LOW
# KERNEL: UVM_INFO /home/runner/env.svh(52) @ 25: uvm_test_top.jb_env.jb_fc [id2] GREEN BUBBLE_GUM 12 UVM_NONE
# KERNEL: UVM_INFO /home/runner/env.svh(85) @ 25: uvm_test_top.jb_env.jb_sb [id1] GREEN BUBBLE_GUM 16 UVM_MEDIUM
# KERNEL: UVM_INFO /home/runner/env.svh(86) @ 25: uvm_test_top.jb_env.jb_sb [id1] GREEN BUBBLE_GUM 17 UVM_LOW
# KERNEL: UVM_INFO /home/runner/env.svh(87) @ 25: uvm_test_top.jb_env.jb_sb [id1] GREEN BUBBLE_GUM 18 UVM_NONE
# KERNEL: UVM_INFO /home/runner/env.svh(92) @ 25: uvm_test_top.jb_env.jb_sb [id2] GREEN BUBBLE_GUM 22 UVM_MEDIUM
# KERNEL: UVM_INFO /home/runner/env.svh(93) @ 25: uvm_test_top.jb_env.jb_sb [id2] GREEN BUBBLE_GUM 23 UVM_LOW
# KERNEL: UVM_INFO /home/runner/env.svh(94) @ 25: uvm_test_top.jb_env.jb_sb [id2] GREEN BUBBLE_GUM 24 UVM_NONE设置全局冗余度阈值
+UVM_VERBOSITY
让我们改变冗余度阈值。如果您只是想全局更改阈值，最简单的方法是使用+ UVM_VERBOSITY命令行参数。例如，您可以将阈值设置为UVM_LOW，如下所示。
+UVM_VERBOSITY=UVM_LOW
如果你运行一个仿真，你会得到这样的信息：
# KERNEL: UVM_INFO /home/runner/env.svh(44) @ 25: uvm_test_top.jb_env.jb_fc [id1] GREEN BUBBLE_GUM 5 UVM_LOW
# KERNEL: UVM_INFO /home/runner/env.svh(45) @ 25: uvm_test_top.jb_env.jb_fc [id1] GREEN BUBBLE_GUM 6 UVM_NONE
# KERNEL: UVM_INFO /home/runner/env.svh(51) @ 25: uvm_test_top.jb_env.jb_fc [id2] GREEN BUBBLE_GUM 11 UVM_LOW
# KERNEL: UVM_INFO /home/runner/env.svh(52) @ 25: uvm_test_top.jb_env.jb_fc [id2] GREEN BUBBLE_GUM 12 UVM_NONE
# KERNEL: UVM_INFO /home/runner/env.svh(86) @ 25: uvm_test_top.jb_env.jb_sb [id1] GREEN BUBBLE_GUM 17 UVM_LOW
# KERNEL: UVM_INFO /home/runner/env.svh(87) @ 25: uvm_test_top.jb_env.jb_sb [id1] GREEN BUBBLE_GUM 18 UVM_NONE
# KERNEL: UVM_INFO /home/runner/env.svh(93) @ 25: uvm_test_top.jb_env.jb_sb [id2] GREEN BUBBLE_GUM 23 UVM_LOW
# KERNEL: UVM_INFO /home/runner/env.svh(94) @ 25: uvm_test_top.jb_env.jb_sb [id2] GREEN BUBBLE_GUM 24 UVM_NONE由于阈值变低，因此不再使用UVM_MEDIUM查看信息。
设置特定组件的冗余度阈值
set_report_verbosity_level
如果要将冗余度阈值设置到特定组件，可以使用uvm_report_object类中定义的set_report_verbosity_level函数执行此操作。例如，您可以将UVM_MEDIUM阈值设置到记分板，如下所示（第5行）：
class jelly_bean_test extends uvm_test;
// ...
task main_phase( uvm_phase phase );
// ...
jb_env.jb_sb.set_report_verbosity_level( UVM_MEDIUM );
endtask: main_phase
endclass: jelly_bean_test请注意，在我们的例子中，我们仍然像上一节那样设置全局UVM_LOW阈值。特定于组件的阈值优先于全局阈值。
如果你运行一个仿真，你会得到这样的信息：
# KERNEL: UVM_INFO /home/runner/env.svh(44) @ 25: uvm_test_top.jb_env.jb_fc [id1] GREEN BUBBLE_GUM 5 UVM_LOW
# KERNEL: UVM_INFO /home/runner/env.svh(45) @ 25: uvm_test_top.jb_env.jb_fc [id1] GREEN BUBBLE_GUM 6 UVM_NONE
# KERNEL: UVM_INFO /home/runner/env.svh(51) @ 25: uvm_test_top.jb_env.jb_fc [id2] GREEN BUBBLE_GUM 11 UVM_LOW
# KERNEL: UVM_INFO /home/runner/env.svh(52) @ 25: uvm_test_top.jb_env.jb_fc [id2] GREEN BUBBLE_GUM 12 UVM_NONE
# KERNEL: UVM_INFO /home/runner/env.svh(85) @ 25: uvm_test_top.jb_env.jb_sb [id1] GREEN BUBBLE_GUM 16 UVM_MEDIUM
# KERNEL: UVM_INFO /home/runner/env.svh(86) @ 25: uvm_test_top.jb_env.jb_sb [id1] GREEN BUBBLE_GUM 17 UVM_LOW
# KERNEL: UVM_INFO /home/runner/env.svh(87) @ 25: uvm_test_top.jb_env.jb_sb [id1] GREEN BUBBLE_GUM 18 UVM_NONE
# KERNEL: UVM_INFO /home/runner/env.svh(92) @ 25: uvm_test_top.jb_env.jb_sb [id2] GREEN BUBBLE_GUM 22 UVM_MEDIUM
# KERNEL: UVM_INFO /home/runner/env.svh(93) @ 25: uvm_test_top.jb_env.jb_sb [id2] GREEN BUBBLE_GUM 23 UVM_LOW
# KERNEL: UVM_INFO /home/runner/env.svh(94) @ 25: uvm_test_top.jb_env.jb_sb [id2] GREEN BUBBLE_GUM 24 UVM_NONE记分板的阈值变为UVM_MEDIUM，而功能覆盖用户的阈值保持UVM_LOW。
set_report_verbosity_level_hier
如果要将阈值设置为组件及其所有子项，则可以使用在uvm_component类中定义的set_report_verbosity_level_hier函数。例如，您可以将UVM_LOW阈值设置为测试台中的所有组件，如下所示（第3行）。这实际上相当于设置+ UVM_VERBOSITY = UVM_LOW。
module top;
// ...
initial uvm_top.set_report_verbosity_level_hier( UVM_LOW );
endmodule: top设置特定ID的冗余度阈值
set_report_id_verbosity / set_report_id_verbosity_hier
如果您确实需要将冗余度阈值设置为特定的消息ID，则可以使用在uvm_report_object类中定义的set_report_id_verbosity函数（或者，如果要递归设置阈值，请在uvm_component类中定义set_report_id_verbosity_hier函数） 。例如，您可以按如下方式（第5行）为ID为“id1”的消息设置UVM_HIGH阈值：
class jelly_bean_test extends uvm_test;
// ...
task main_phase( uvm_phase phase );
// ...
jb_env.jb_sb.set_report_id_verbosity( "id1", UVM_HIGH );
endtask: main_phase
endclass: jelly_bean_test请注意，在我们的示例中，我们仍像前面章节中那样设置全局阈值和组件特定阈值。特定于ID的阈值优先于特定于组件的阈值（和全局阈值）。
如果你运行一个仿真，你会得到这样的信息：
# KERNEL: UVM_INFO /home/runner/env.svh(44) @ 25: uvm_test_top.jb_env.jb_fc [id1] GREEN BUBBLE_GUM 5 UVM_LOW
# KERNEL: UVM_INFO /home/runner/env.svh(45) @ 25: uvm_test_top.jb_env.jb_fc [id1] GREEN BUBBLE_GUM 6 UVM_NONE
# KERNEL: UVM_INFO /home/runner/env.svh(51) @ 25: uvm_test_top.jb_env.jb_fc [id2] GREEN BUBBLE_GUM 11 UVM_LOW
# KERNEL: UVM_INFO /home/runner/env.svh(52) @ 25: uvm_test_top.jb_env.jb_fc [id2] GREEN BUBBLE_GUM 12 UVM_NONE
# KERNEL: UVM_INFO /home/runner/env.svh(84) @ 25: uvm_test_top.jb_env.jb_sb [id1] GREEN BUBBLE_GUM 15 UVM_HIGH
# KERNEL: UVM_INFO /home/runner/env.svh(85) @ 25: uvm_test_top.jb_env.jb_sb [id1] GREEN BUBBLE_GUM 16 UVM_MEDIUM
# KERNEL: UVM_INFO /home/runner/env.svh(86) @ 25: uvm_test_top.jb_env.jb_sb [id1] GREEN BUBBLE_GUM 17 UVM_LOW
# KERNEL: UVM_INFO /home/runner/env.svh(87) @ 25: uvm_test_top.jb_env.jb_sb [id1] GREEN BUBBLE_GUM 18 UVM_NONE
# KERNEL: UVM_INFO /home/runner/env.svh(92) @ 25: uvm_test_top.jb_env.jb_sb [id2] GREEN BUBBLE_GUM 22 UVM_MEDIUM
# KERNEL: UVM_INFO /home/runner/env.svh(93) @ 25: uvm_test_top.jb_env.jb_sb [id2] GREEN BUBBLE_GUM 23 UVM_LOW
# KERNEL: UVM_INFO /home/runner/env.svh(94) @ 25: uvm_test_top.jb_env.jb_sb [id2] GREEN BUBBLE_GUM 24 UVM_NONE由于我们仅设置记分板的set_report_id_verbosity函数，所以即使某些消息具有相同的ID（“id1”），功能覆盖用户的阈值仍然为UVM_LOW。
设置严重性和特定ID的冗余度阈值
set_report_severity_id_verbosity / set_report_severity_id_verbosity_hier
虽然我们只介绍了本文中的UVM_INFO严重性，但可以使用set_report_severity_id_verbosity函数将冗余度阈值设置为特定严重性和消息ID，该函数在uvm_report_object类中定义(如果要递归设置阈值，则可使用uvm_component类中定义set_report_severity_id_verbosity_hier函数)。例如，您可以按如下方式（第5行）为ID为“id2”的消息设置UVM_FULL阈值：
class jelly_bean_test extends uvm_test;
// ...
task main_phase( uvm_phase phase );
// ...
jb_env.jb_fc.set_report_severity_id_verbosity( UVM_INFO, "id2", UVM_FULL );
endtask: main_phase
endclass: jelly_bean_test请注意，在我们的示例中，我们仍像前面部分中那样设置全局阈值和组件以及ID特定的阈值。特定于严重性和ID的阈值具有最高优先级。
如果你运行一个仿真，你会得到这样的信息：
# KERNEL: UVM_INFO /home/runner/env.svh(44) @ 25: uvm_test_top.jb_env.jb_fc [id1] RED APPLE 5 UVM_LOW
# KERNEL: UVM_INFO /home/runner/env.svh(45) @ 25: uvm_test_top.jb_env.jb_fc [id1] RED APPLE 6 UVM_NONE
# KERNEL: UVM_INFO /home/runner/env.svh(48) @ 25: uvm_test_top.jb_env.jb_fc [id2] RED APPLE 8 UVM_FULL
# KERNEL: UVM_INFO /home/runner/env.svh(49) @ 25: uvm_test_top.jb_env.jb_fc [id2] RED APPLE 9 UVM_HIGH
# KERNEL: UVM_INFO /home/runner/env.svh(50) @ 25: uvm_test_top.jb_env.jb_fc [id2] RED APPLE 10 UVM_MEDIUM
# KERNEL: UVM_INFO /home/runner/env.svh(51) @ 25: uvm_test_top.jb_env.jb_fc [id2] RED APPLE 11 UVM_LOW
# KERNEL: UVM_INFO /home/runner/env.svh(52) @ 25: uvm_test_top.jb_env.jb_fc [id2] RED APPLE 12 UVM_NONE
# KERNEL: UVM_INFO /home/runner/env.svh(84) @ 25: uvm_test_top.jb_env.jb_sb [id1] RED APPLE 15 UVM_HIGH
# KERNEL: UVM_INFO /home/runner/env.svh(85) @ 25: uvm_test_top.jb_env.jb_sb [id1] RED APPLE 16 UVM_MEDIUM
# KERNEL: UVM_INFO /home/runner/env.svh(86) @ 25: uvm_test_top.jb_env.jb_sb [id1] RED APPLE 17 UVM_LOW
# KERNEL: UVM_INFO /home/runner/env.svh(87) @ 25: uvm_test_top.jb_env.jb_sb [id1] RED APPLE 18 UVM_NONE
# KERNEL: UVM_INFO /home/runner/env.svh(92) @ 25: uvm_test_top.jb_env.jb_sb [id2] RED APPLE 22 UVM_MEDIUM
# KERNEL: UVM_INFO /home/runner/env.svh(93) @ 25: uvm_test_top.jb_env.jb_sb [id2] RED APPLE 23 UVM_LOW
# KERNEL: UVM_INFO /home/runner/env.svh(94) @ 25: uvm_test_top.jb_env.jb_sb [id2] RED APPLE 24 UVM_NONE最终注释
您可能已经知道，阈值设置函数是在uvm_report_object和uvm_component类中定义的。 这意味着您不能在序列或非component对象调用该函数，因为它们不是从这些类派生的。
jelly_bean_sequence.set_report_verbosity_level( UVM_HIGH ); // You cannot do this.
jelly_bean_transaction.set_report_verbosity_level( UVM_HIGH ); // This won't work either.相反，序列中的消息使用序列运行的sequencer的冗余度阈值。 如果序列是一个虚拟序列（sequencer为空），则使用uvm_top的冗余度阈值。 另一个非组件对象或模块中的消息也使用uvm_top的阈值。
与往常一样，您可以在EDA Playground上查看和运行代码。