概述
Runnable 是接口。
Thread 是类,且实现了Runnable接口。
Thread部分源码
- public class Thread
- implements Runnable
- {
- private static class Caches
- {
-
- static final ConcurrentMap subclassAudits = new ConcurrentHashMap();
- static final ReferenceQueue subclassAuditsQueue = new ReferenceQueue();
在使用Runnable定义的子类中没有start()方法,只有Thread类中才有。
- public interface Runnable
- {
-
- public abstract void run();
- }
Thread类,有一个构造方法:public Thread(Runnable targer)
- public Thread(Runnable runnable)
- {
- daemon = false;
- stillborn = false;
- threadLocals = null;
- inheritableThreadLocals = null;
- threadStatus = 0;
- blockerLock = new Object();
- init(null, runnable, (new StringBuilder()).append("Thread-").append(nextThreadNum()).toString(), 0L);
- }
此构造方法接受Runnable的子类实例,也就是说可以通过Thread类来启动Runnable实现的多线程。
使用情况
在程序开发中只要是多线程肯定永远以实现Runnable接口为主。
实现Runnable接口相比继承Thread类有如下好处:
1、避免继承的局限,一个类可以继承多个接口。
2、适合于资源的共享。
实例
以卖票为例,总共只有10张动车票了,全国3个窗口在卖。
继承Thread类的方法
- package multithreading;
-
- public class MyThreadWithExtends extends Thread {
-
- private int tickets = 10;
-
- @Override
- public void run() {
-
- for (int i = 0; i <= 100; i++) {
- if(tickets>0){
- System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"--卖出票:" + tickets--);
- }
- }
- }
-
-
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- MyThreadWithExtends thread1 = new MyThreadWithExtends();
- MyThreadWithExtends thread2 = new MyThreadWithExtends();
- MyThreadWithExtends thread3 = new MyThreadWithExtends();
-
- thread1.start();
- thread2.start();
- thread3.start();
-
-
- }
-
- }
运行结果:
Thread-0--卖出票:10
Thread-2--卖出票:10
Thread-1--卖出票:10
Thread-2--卖出票:9
Thread-0--卖出票:9
Thread-2--卖出票:8
Thread-1--卖出票:9
Thread-2--卖出票:7
Thread-0--卖出票:8
Thread-2--卖出票:6
Thread-2--卖出票:5
Thread-2--卖出票:4
Thread-1--卖出票:8
Thread-2--卖出票:3
Thread-0--卖出票:7
Thread-2--卖出票:2
Thread-2--卖出票:1
Thread-1--卖出票:7
Thread-0--卖出票:6
Thread-1--卖出票:6
Thread-0--卖出票:5
Thread-0--卖出票:4
Thread-1--卖出票:5
Thread-0--卖出票:3
Thread-1--卖出票:4
Thread-1--卖出票:3
Thread-1--卖出票:2
Thread-0--卖出票:2
Thread-1--卖出票:1
Thread-0--卖出票:1
每个线程都独立,不共享资源,每个线程都卖出了10张票,总共卖出了30张。如果真卖票,就有问题了。
实现Runnable接口方式
- package multithreading;
-
- public class MyThreadWithImplements implements Runnable {
-
- private int tickets = 10;
-
- @Override
- public void run() {
-
- for (int i = 0; i <= 100; i++) {
- if(tickets>0){
- System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"--卖出票:" + tickets--);
- }
- }
- }
-
-
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- MyThreadWithImplements myRunnable = new MyThreadWithImplements();
- Thread thread1 = new Thread(myRunnable, "窗口一");
- Thread thread2 = new Thread(myRunnable, "窗口二");
- Thread thread3 = new Thread(myRunnable, "窗口三");
-
- thread1.start();
- thread2.start();
- thread3.start();
- }
-
- }
运行结果:
窗口二--卖出票:10
窗口三--卖出票:9
窗口一--卖出票:8
窗口三--卖出票:6
窗口三--卖出票:4
窗口三--卖出票:3
窗口三--卖出票:2
窗口三--卖出票:1
窗口二--卖出票:7
窗口一--卖出票:5
每个线程共享了对象myRunnable的资源,卖出的总票数是对的,但是顺序是乱的,怎么办?