Python通过Socket数据报传输消息

在网络中的计算机能够以一种轻量级的风格通过小消息通信，同时也不要求绝对的可靠性。 这种任务恰好是UDP协议针对的应用的类型， 而在Python中使用UDP发送数据是件很容易的事情。可以写一个UDP服务器脚本和客户端脚本，完成完成两者的通信:

服务端:

# FileName: server.py

import socket

port = 8001
sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
sock.bind(("", port))                     # 从给定的端口，从任何发送者，接收UDP数据报
print("Waiting for the port", port)

while True:
    data, address = sock.recvfrom(1024)   # 接收一个最大报文为1024字节的数据报
    print("Received:", data, "from", address)

客户端:

# FileName: client.py

import socket

port = 8001                             # 端口和上面一致
host = "localhost"                      # 服务器IP，这里服务器和客户端IP同一个

sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
for i in xrange(10):
    sock.sendto("Successful! Message %s! " % i,(host, port))

运行服务器端的server.py，同时客户端运行client.py，执行的效果就是:

d:\work\python>python client.py
d:\work\python>
D:\work\python>python server.py
('Waiting for the port', 8001)
('Received:', 'Successful! Message 0! ', 'from', ('127.0.0.1', 54125))
('Received:', 'Successful! Message 1! ', 'from', ('127.0.0.1', 54125))
('Received:', 'Successful! Message 2! ', 'from', ('127.0.0.1', 54125))
('Received:', 'Successful! Message 3! ', 'from', ('127.0.0.1', 54125))
('Received:', 'Successful! Message 4! ', 'from', ('127.0.0.1', 54125))
('Received:', 'Successful! Message 5! ', 'from', ('127.0.0.1', 54125))
('Received:', 'Successful! Message 6! ', 'from', ('127.0.0.1', 54125))
('Received:', 'Successful! Message 7! ', 'from', ('127.0.0.1', 54125))
('Received:', 'Successful! Message 8! ', 'from', ('127.0.0.1', 54125))
('Received:', 'Successful! Message 9! ', 'from', ('127.0.0.1', 54125))