Debian下安装VMware Tools

我在VMware中装上Debian/Linux后就是装不上VMware-tools,在网上搜集了一下资料没有一个适合我的，而且讲的都是很简单就装上来，没办法，只能自己下手，经过几个小时的努力终于解决了，现在把自己的方法公布给大家，防止大家走弯路。

用到了以下几个命令apt-get、apt-cache、uname-a

首先检查的Debian在安装时，根本就没有安装gcc、内核头文件也没有。

执行步骤如下：

1.在vmware的菜单中选择Vm->install vmware-tools，这个时候vmware就会把安装文件映射到你的cdrom。

2.进入你的cdrom，点右键复制VMwareTools-5.5.0-18463.tar.gz到/tmp目录下，右键单击选择解压。当然这两步你也可以使用命令行方式，我对命令行不熟悉。详细的命令行方式，大家自己在网上就能搜到资料。

3.安装c编译器（前提没有安装gcc,可以通过which gcc命令来查看是否已安装）。

a.在命令行中键入：su (进入root进行程序安装，普通用户不能使用apt-get install)，输入root的密码即可此时命令行从qinfengling@debian:$变为debian:/home/qinfengling#

b:接着在命令行中键入apt-get install gcc,选择默认就可顺利装上著名的gcc编译器

4.安装kernel-header (主要是为了解决What is the location of the directory of C header files that match your running kernel?问题)，步骤如下：

a.在命令行中键入：uname -a 查看版本我的版本是：Linux debian 2.6.18-4-686

b.接着键入：apt-cache search headers 2.6.18-4-686（然后搜一下内核的头文件）

c.键入命令安装：apt-get install Linux hearders-2.6.18-2-686

5.之后你就顺利了，首先在命令行中进入/tmp/vmware-tools-distrib文件夹下，之后输入./vmware-install.pl，选择默认安装就行了，遇到[yes]就输入yes或者y。

之后就会出现如下类似的提示：

A previous installation of VMware software has been detected.
The previous installation was made by the tar installer (version 3).
Keeping the tar3 installer database format.
Uninstalling the tar installation of VMware Tools.
Stopping VMware Tools services in the virtual machine:
Guest operating system daemon: [确定]
File /etc/X11/xorg.conf is backed up to /etc/X11/xorg.conf.old.0.
File /etc/modprobe.conf is backed up to /etc/modprobe.conf.old.0.
The removal of VMware Tools 5.5.3 build-34685 for Linux completed successfully.
Thank you for having tried this software.
Installing the content of the package.
In which directory do you want to install the binary files?
[/usr/bin]
What is the directory that contains the init directories (rc0.d/ to rc6.d/)?
[/etc/rc.d]
What is the directory that contains the init scripts?
[/etc/rc.d/init.d]
In which directory do you want to install the daemon files?
[/usr/sbin]
In which directory do you want to install the library files?
[/usr/lib/vmware-tools]
The path "/usr/lib/vmware-tools" does not exist currently. This program is
going to create it, including needed parent directories. Is this what you want?
[yes]
In which directory do you want to install the documentation files?
[/usr/share/doc/vmware-tools]
The path "/usr/share/doc/vmware-tools" does not exist currently. This program
is going to create it, including needed parent directories. Is this what you
want? [yes]
The installation of VMware Tools 5.5.3 build-34685 for Linux completed
successfully. You can decide to remove this software from your system at any
time by invoking the following command: "/usr/bin/vmware-uninstall-tools.pl".
Before running VMware Tools for the first time, you need to configure it by
invoking the following command: "/usr/bin/vmware-config-tools.pl". Do you want
this program to invoke the command for you now? [yes] （运行vmware-config-tools来配置）

Stopping VMware Tools services in the virtual machine:
Guest operating system daemon: [确定]
Trying to find a suitable vmhgfs module for your running kernel.
None of the pre-built vmhgfs modules for VMware Tools is suitable for your
running kernel. Do you want this program to try to build the vmhgfs module for
your system (you need to have a C compiler installed on your system)? [yes]
Using compiler "/usr/bin/gcc". Use environment variable CC to override.
9.直到该步骤，拷贝粘贴第7步的路径，然后一直按回车，直到选择屏幕分辨率。
What is the location of the directory of C header files that match your running
kernel? [/usr/src/kernels/2.6.18-1.2849.fc6-i686/include]
Extracting the sources of the vmhgfs module.
Building the vmhgfs module.
Using 2.6.x kernel build system.
make: Entering directory `/tmp/vmware-config3/vmhgfs-only'
make -C /usr/src/kernels/2.6.18-1.2849.fc6-i686/include/.. SUBDIRS=$PWD SRCROOT=$PWD/. modules
make[1]: Entering directory `/usr/src/kernels/2.6.18-1.2849.fc6-i686'
CC [M] /tmp/vmware-config3/vmhgfs-only/cpName.o
CC [M] /tmp/vmware-config3/vmhgfs-only/cpNameLinux.o
CC [M] /tmp/vmware-config3/vmhgfs-only/dev.o
CC [M] /tmp/vmware-config3/vmhgfs-only/driver.o
CC [M] /tmp/vmware-config3/vmhgfs-only/hgfsUtil.o
CC [M] /tmp/vmware-config3/vmhgfs-only/main.o
CC [M] /tmp/vmware-config3/vmhgfs-only/staticEscape.o
LD [M] /tmp/vmware-config3/vmhgfs-only/vmhgfs.o
Building modules, stage 2.
MODPOST
CC /tmp/vmware-config3/vmhgfs-only/vmhgfs.mod.o
LD [M] /tmp/vmware-config3/vmhgfs-only/vmhgfs.ko
make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/src/kernels/2.6.18-1.2849.fc6-i686'
cp -f vmhgfs.ko ./../vmhgfs.o
make: Leaving directory `/tmp/vmware-config3/vmhgfs-only'
Unable to make a vmhgfs module that can be loaded in the running kernel:
insmod: error inserting '/tmp/vmware-config3/vmhgfs.o': -1 Invalid module format
There is probably a slight difference in the kernel configuration between the
set of C header files you specified and your running kernel. You may want to
rebuild a kernel based on that directory, or specify another directory.
The filesystem driver (vmhgfs module) is used only for the shared folder
feature. The rest of the software provided by VMware Tools is designed to work
independently of this feature.
If you wish to have the shared folders feature, you can install the driver by
running vmware-config-tools.pl again after making sure that gcc, binutils, make
and the kernel sources for your running kernel are installed on your machine.
These packages are available on your distribution's installation CD.
[ Press Enter key to continue ]
pcnet32 38085 0
Unloading pcnet32 module
Trying to find a suitable vmxnet module for your running kernel.
None of the pre-built vmxnet modules for VMware Tools is suitable for your
running kernel. Do you want this program to try to build the vmxnet module for
your system (you need to have a C compiler installed on your system)? [yes]
Extracting the sources of the vmxnet module.
Building the vmxnet module.
Using 2.6.x kernel build system.
make: Entering directory `/tmp/vmware-config4/vmxnet-only'
make -C /usr/src/kernels/2.6.18-1.2849.fc6-i686/include/.. SUBDIRS=$PWD SRCROOT=$PWD/. modules
make[1]: Entering directory `/usr/src/kernels/2.6.18-1.2849.fc6-i686'
CC [M] /tmp/vmware-config4/vmxnet-only/vmxnet.o
Building modules, stage 2.
MODPOST
CC /tmp/vmware-config4/vmxnet-only/vmxnet.mod.o
LD [M] /tmp/vmware-config4/vmxnet-only/vmxnet.ko
make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/src/kernels/2.6.18-1.2849.fc6-i686'
cp -f vmxnet.ko ./../vmxnet.o
make: Leaving directory `/tmp/vmware-config4/vmxnet-only'
Unable to make a vmxnet module that can be loaded in the running kernel:
insmod: error inserting '/tmp/vmware-config4/vmxnet.o': -1 Invalid module format
There is probably a slight difference in the kernel configuration between the
set of C header files you specified and your running kernel. You may want to
rebuild a kernel based on that directory, or specify another directory.
The fast network device driver (vmxnet module) is used only for our fast
networking interface. The rest of the software provided by VMware Tools is
designed to work independently of this feature.
If you wish to have the fast network driver enabled, you can install the driver
by running vmware-config-tools.pl again after making sure that gcc, binutils,
make and the kernel sources for your running kernel are installed on your
machine. These packages are available on your distribution's installation CD.