Unix&Linux大学教程（07）: Unix键盘的使用

1.date 显示日期

> appledeMacBook-Air:~ apple$ date 
> 2018年 8月 7日 星期二 18时44分15秒 CST 
> appledeMacBook-Air:~ apple$

2.who & whoami 检查所有用户 & 自己 账户信息

appledeMacBook-Air:~ apple$ who
apple    console  Aug  6 19:20 
apple    ttys000  Aug  7 18:41 
appledeMacBook-Air:~ apple$ whoami
apple
appledeMacBook-Air:~ apple$ 

3.last & last apple(username) 检查所有用户 & 自己 登陆信息

appledeMacBook-Air:~ apple$ last
apple     ttys000                   Tue Aug  7 18:50   still logged in
apple     ttys000                   Tue Aug  7 18:41 - 18:50  (00:08)
apple     ttys000                   Tue Aug  7 18:30 - 18:41  (00:11)
apple     ttys000                   Mon Aug  6 19:21 - 19:33  (00:11)
apple     ttys000                   Mon Aug  6 19:20 - 19:21  (00:01)
apple     console                   Mon Aug  6 19:20   still logged in
reboot    ~                         Mon Aug  6 19:19 
shutdown  ~                         Mon Aug  6 19:19

appledeMacBook-Air:~ apple$ last apple
apple     ttys000                   Tue Aug  7 18:50   still logged in
apple     ttys000                   Tue Aug  7 18:41 - 18:50  (00:08)
apple     ttys000                   Tue Aug  7 18:30 - 18:41  (00:11)
apple     ttys000                   Mon Aug  6 19:21 - 19:33  (00:11)
apple     ttys000                   Mon Aug  6 19:20 - 19:21  (00:01)

4.su & sudo 登陆超级用户 & 以超级用户身份执行操作（不登陆）

appledeMacBook-Air:~ apple$ sudo
usage: sudo -h | -K | -k | -L | -V
usage: sudo -v [-AknS] [-g groupname|#gid] [-p prompt] [-u user name|#uid]
usage: sudo -l[l] [-AknS] [-g groupname|#gid] [-p prompt] [-U user name] [-u
            user name|#uid] [-g groupname|#gid] [command]
usage: sudo [-AbEHknPS] [-C fd] [-g groupname|#gid] [-p prompt] [-u user
            name|#uid] [-g groupname|#gid] [VAR=value] [-i|-s] [<command>]
usage: sudo -e [-AknS] [-C fd] [-g groupname|#gid] [-p prompt] [-u user
            name|#uid] file ...

4.less 显示文件 & open 打开文件 & cat 输出文件

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5.文本输入时
control H 删除字符
control W 删除单词
control U／X 删除本行

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6.输出源源不断滚出时
control Q 暂停
control S 继续

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7.control D 结束终端工作

appledeMacBook-Air:~ apple$ logout
Saving session...
...copying shared history...
...saving history...truncating history files...
...completed.

[进程已完成]

8.set -o ignoreeof 禁用control D 结束终端工作

appledeMacBook-Air:~ apple$ set -o ignoreeof
appledeMacBook-Air:~ apple$ Use "logout" to leave the shell.
appledeMacBook-Air:~ apple$ 

8.set +o ignoreeof 开启control D 结束终端工作

appledeMacBook-Air:~ apple$ set +o ignoreeof
appledeMacBook-Air:~ apple$ logout
Saving session...
...copying shared history...
...saving history...truncating history files...
...completed.

[进程已完成]

9.set -o 开启关闭情况

appledeMacBook-Air:~ apple$ set -o
allexport       off
braceexpand     on
emacs           on
errexit         off
errtrace        off
functrace       off
hashall         on
histexpand      on
history         on
ignoreeof       off

10.重要键盘信号一览表

11.stty(set terminal) -a 显示所有的设置

appledeMacBook-Air:~ apple$ stty -a
speed 9600 baud; 24 rows; 80 columns;
lflags: icanon isig iexten echo echoe -echok echoke -echonl echoctl
    -echoprt -altwerase -noflsh -tostop -flusho pendin -nokerninfo
    -extproc
iflags: -istrip icrnl -inlcr -igncr ixon -ixoff ixany imaxbel iutf8
    -ignbrk brkint -inpck -ignpar -parmrk
oflags: opost onlcr -oxtabs -onocr -onlret
cflags: cread cs8 -parenb -parodd hupcl -clocal -cstopb -crtscts -dsrflow
    -dtrflow -mdmbuf
cchars: discard = ^O; dsusp = ^Y; eof = ^D; eol = <undef>;
    eol2 = <undef>; erase = ^?; intr = ^C; kill = ^U; lnext = ^V;
    min = 1; quit = ^\; reprint = ^R; start = ^Q; status = ^T;
    stop = ^S; susp = ^Z; time = 0; werase = ^W;
appledeMacBook-Air:~ apple$ 

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12.up 查看上个命令 & down 查看下个命令

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13.control M 回车符 & control J 新行符

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14.echo $TERM 显示终端类型

appledeMacBook-Air:~ apple$ echo $TERM
xterm-256color
appledeMacBook-Air:~ apple$