inet_addr()和htonl()结合使用引发的connect()超时

Tcp通信使用的是网络字节序,所以一般都需要htonl()ip地址转换成网络字节序,但如果ip已经是网络字节序了,再调用htonl就会导致不再是网络字节序了,引发严重后果,就是connect或者使用了一个相反的ip

上代码


服务端:

#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 		  /* See NOTES */
#include 
#include   
#include   
#include   
#include 
#include 

extern int errno;

int main()
{
	int domain = AF_INET;
	int type = SOCK_STREAM;
	int protocol = 0;
	int ret  = -1;
	int nListenFd = -1;
	int nNewClientFd = -1;
	short int  port = 2000; 
	struct sockaddr_in addr_in;
	int backlog = 128; // 默认是128
	int len = 0;
	char chBuffer[1024] = {0};
	int flags = 0;
	
	nListenFd = socket( domain,  type,  protocol);
	if(nListenFd < 0)
	{
		printf("\n socket failed ! errno[%d]  err[%s]\n", errno, strerror(errno));
		return -1;
	}

	memset(&addr_in, 0, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));
	addr_in.sin_family = AF_INET;
	addr_in.sin_port = htons(port);//htons的返回值是16位的网络字节序整型数   htons尾的字母s代表short
	addr_in.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);

	ret = bind(nListenFd, ( struct sockaddr * )(&addr_in), sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));
    if(ret < 0)
    {
    	printf("\n bind failed ! errno[%d]  err[%s]\n", errno, strerror(errno));
    	close(nListenFd); //避免资源泄漏
		return -1;
	}

    ret = listen(nListenFd, backlog);
    if(ret < 0)
    {
		printf("\n listen failed ! errno[%d]	err[%s]\n", errno, strerror(errno));
		close(nListenFd); //避免资源泄漏
		return -1;
	}

	nNewClientFd = accept(nListenFd, ( struct sockaddr *)NULL, NULL); //阻塞模式
	if(nNewClientFd < 0)
	{
		printf("\n accept failed ! errno[%d]	err[%s]\n", errno, strerror(errno));
		close(nListenFd); //避免资源泄漏
		return -1;
	}

	printf("\n  new client [%d] \n",nNewClientFd);

	
	close(nNewClientFd);
	close(nListenFd);

	return 0;
}



有问题的客户端:


#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 		  /* See NOTES */
#include 
#include   
#include   
#include   
#include 
#include 

extern int errno;

int main()
{
	int domain = AF_INET;//AF_INET
	int type = SOCK_STREAM;
	int protocol = 0;
	int ret  = -1;
	int nClientFd = -1;
	short int  port = 2000; 
	struct sockaddr_in addr_in;
	int len = 0;
	char chBuffer[1024] = {0};
	int flags = 0;
	char * pchServerIP = "192.168.1.211";
	
	nClientFd = socket( domain,  type,  protocol);
	if(nClientFd < 0)
	{
		printf("\n socket failed ! errno[%d]  err[%s]\n", errno, strerror(errno));
		return -1;
	}

    memset(&addr_in, 0, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));
	addr_in.sin_family = AF_INET;
	addr_in.sin_port = htons(port);//htons的返回值是16位的网络字节序整型数   htons尾的字母s代表short
	addr_in.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(inet_addr(pchServerIP)); //错误的做法
	//addr_in.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(pchServerIP); 
	ret = connect(nClientFd, ( struct sockaddr * )(&addr_in), sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));
    if(ret < 0)
    {
    	printf("\n connect failed ! errno[%d]  err[%s]\n", errno, strerror(errno));
    	close(nClientFd); //避免资源泄漏
		return -1;
	}

	printf("\n  connect success ! \n");
	
	close(nClientFd);

	return 0;
}


编译:
gcc simple_server.c -g -o simple_server
 gcc simple_client.c -g -o simple_client

先启动服务器,并使用strace去追踪调用

strace  ./simple_server

服务器一直阻塞,等待连接

inet_addr()和htonl()结合使用引发的connect()超时_第1张图片


客户端:

inet_addr()和htonl()结合使用引发的connect()超时_第2张图片


本来客户端是要去connect  192.168.1.211 ,结果被搞成了去connect   211.1.168.192,因此活该connect超时啊


改正方法:

客户端的代码

把addr_in.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(inet_addr(pchServerIP)); 

改成addr_in.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(pchServerIP);即可


顺便说以下这个inet_addr函数

 #include
       #include
       #include

 in_addr_t inet_addr(const char *cp);


  The inet_addr() function converts the Internet host address cp from IPv4 numbers-and-dots notation  into  binary  data  in
       network  byte  order.  If the input is invalid, INADDR_NONE (usually -1) is returned.  Use of this function is problematic
       because -1 is a valid address (255.255.255.255).  Avoid its use in favor of inet_aton(), inet_pton(3), or  getaddrinfo(3),
       which provide a cleaner way to indicate error return.

 

inet_addr() 函数把字符串ip转换成具有网络字节序的二进制ip地址了,因此不要再画蛇添足,再调用htonl再转一次网络字节序了,后果很严重。


当然文档提示这个函数也不是很好,就是返回-1的时候的ip地址会是255.255.255.255




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