Ubuntu版本:ubuntu-gnome-16.04-desktop-amd64,gnome版
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
dmb是一个轻量级的数据库,但是不是标准的数据库,纯粹以二进制存储的一种数据库,常用于系统底层的数据库,在其他一些很少更新内容的地方也可以使用,查询和取出速度非常快但是存入或修改通常较慢,也可以理解,因为不像别的数据库,给每个字段都规定了大小,给每条记录都留下了相同大小的空间,那么后来怎么修改都只是改数据库文件的一小块,而dbm如果修改了记录就只能将整个文件更新。
1. dbm安装
sudo apt-get install libgdbm-dev
2. 编译
1)源文件中包含头文件:gdbm-ndbm.h
2)gcc dbm.c -I/usr/include/gdbm -lgdbm_compat -lgdbm
注:不同的Linux发行版本,头文件以及编译方式不一致
3. 源码: dbm.c
#include
#include
#include
#include
//#include
// On some systems you need to replace the above with
#include
#include
#define TEST_DB_FILE "/tmp/dbm1_test"
#define ITEMS_USED 3
/* A struct to use to test dbm */
struct test_data {
char misc_chars[15];
int any_integer;
char more_chars[21];
};
int main() {
struct test_data items_to_store[ITEMS_USED];
struct test_data item_retrieved;
char key_to_use[20];
int i, result;
datum key_datum;
datum data_datum;
DBM *dbm_ptr;
dbm_ptr = dbm_open(TEST_DB_FILE, O_RDWR | O_CREAT, 0666);
if (!dbm_ptr) {
fprintf(stderr, "Failed to open database\n");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
/* put some data in the structures */
memset(items_to_store, '\0', sizeof(items_to_store));
strcpy(items_to_store[0].misc_chars, "First!");
items_to_store[0].any_integer = 47;
strcpy(items_to_store[0].more_chars, "foo");
strcpy(items_to_store[1].misc_chars, "bar");
items_to_store[1].any_integer = 13;
strcpy(items_to_store[1].more_chars, "unlucky?");
strcpy(items_to_store[2].misc_chars, "Third");
items_to_store[2].any_integer = 3;
strcpy(items_to_store[2].more_chars, "baz");
for (i = 0; i < ITEMS_USED; i++) {
/* build a key to use */
sprintf(key_to_use, "%c%c%d",
items_to_store[i].misc_chars[0],
items_to_store[i].more_chars[0],
items_to_store[i].any_integer);
/* build the key datum strcture */
key_datum.dptr = (void *)key_to_use;
key_datum.dsize = strlen(key_to_use);
data_datum.dptr = (void *)&items_to_store[i];
data_datum.dsize = sizeof(struct test_data);
result = dbm_store(dbm_ptr, key_datum, data_datum, DBM_REPLACE);
if (result != 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "dbm_store failed on key %s\n", key_to_use);
exit(2);
}
} /* for */
/* now try and retrieve some data */
sprintf(key_to_use, "bu%d", 13); /* this is the key for the second item */
key_datum.dptr = key_to_use;
key_datum.dsize = strlen(key_to_use);
data_datum = dbm_fetch(dbm_ptr, key_datum);
if (data_datum.dptr) {
printf("Data retrieved\n");
memcpy(&item_retrieved, data_datum.dptr, data_datum.dsize);
printf("Retrieved item - %s %d %s\n",
item_retrieved.misc_chars,
item_retrieved.any_integer,
item_retrieved.more_chars);
}
else {
printf("No data found for key %s\n", key_to_use);
}
dbm_close(dbm_ptr);
exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
}