单例默认情况下是在容器被加载的时候就会初始化
多例是在每次获取Bean对象的时候初始化
代码验证:
@Component public class UserEntity { public UserEntity() { System.out.println(">>>>UserEntity无参数构造函数执行..."); }
@Configuration @ComponentScan("com.mayikt.entity") public class MyConfig { }
>>>>UserEntity无参数构造函数执行...
当加上@Scope("prototype"),没有输出结果
@Component @Scope("prototype") public class UserEntity { public UserEntity() { System.out.println(">>>>UserEntity无参数构造函数执行..."); }
说明单例默认是在容器被加载的时候初始化,多例是在每次获取Bean对象的时候初始化。
Bean初始化:指的就是对象已经创建,里面的所有set方法都已经执行完毕了。
举个例子:
@Configuration @ComponentScan("com.mayikt.entity") public class MyConfig { /** * initMethod:指定初始化方法执行 * destroyMethod:指定销毁方法 * @return */ @Bean(initMethod = "initMethod",destroyMethod = "destroyMethod") public UserEntity userEntity(){ return new UserEntity(); } }
@Component public class UserEntity { public UserEntity() { System.out.println(">>>>UserEntity无参数构造函数执行..."); } /** * 思考:initMethod是在无参构造函数之前执行还是后执行.. */ private void initMethod() { System.out.println(">>>>UserEntity initMethod 执行..."); } private void destroyMethod() { System.out.println(">>>>UserEntity destroyMethod 执行..."); } }
public static void main(String[] args) { /** * IOC容器初始化单例对象都是循环遍历调用getBean方法 */ AnnotationConfigApplicationContext applicationContext = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(MyConfig.class); applicationContext.close();
返回结果
>>>>UserEntity无参数构造函数执行...
>>>>UserEntity initMethod 执行...
>>>>UserEntity destroyMethod 执行...
构造函数:Bean的创建,Map集合存储对象
initMethod:表示对象已经创建成功之后执行
destroyMethod:表示对象被销毁之后执行,clean
destroyMethod方法执行时,相当于调用了close方法去销毁Bean
applicationContext.close();
public void close() { synchronized (this.startupShutdownMonitor) { doClose(); // If we registered a JVM shutdown hook, we don't need it anymore now: // We've already explicitly closed the context. if (this.shutdownHook != null) { try { Runtime.getRuntime().removeShutdownHook(this.shutdownHook); } catch (IllegalStateException ex) { // ignore - VM is already shutting down } } } }
protected void doClose() { if (this.active.get() && this.closed.compareAndSet(false, true)) { .... // Destroy all cached singletons in the context's BeanFactory. destroyBeans(); // Close the state of this context itself. closeBeanFactory(); // Let subclasses do some final clean-up if they wish... onClose(); this.active.set(false); } }
protected void destroyBeans() { getBeanFactory().destroySingletons(); }
public void destroySingletons() { super.destroySingletons(); this.manualSingletonNames.clear(); this.clearByTypeCache(); }
private void clearByTypeCache() { this.allBeanNamesByType.clear(); this.singletonBeanNamesByType.clear(); }
上面执行了clear操作,再回到前面
这里给用户自定义关闭操作:模板方法设计模式
protected void onClose() { // For subclasses: do nothing by default. }
再把活跃状态设置为false。
@Component public class MemberEntity implements InitializingBean,DisposableBean{ // implements InitializingBean, DisposableBean public MemberEntity() { System.out.println("无参构造函数执行.."); } // afterPropertiesSet initMet hod // 1.对象创建 对象属性赋值 set方法全部走完 @Override public void afterPropertiesSet() throws Exception { System.out.println("MemberEntity >>>afterPropertiesSet"); } @Override public void destroy() throws Exception { System.out.println("MemberEntity >>> destroy"); } }
输出结果:
无参构造函数执行..
MemberEntity >>>afterPropertiesSet
MemberEntity >>> destroy
@Component public class MemberEntity{ // implements InitializingBean, DisposableBean public MemberEntity() { System.out.println("无参构造函数执行.."); } // afterPropertiesSet initMet hod // 1.对象创建 对象属性赋值 set方法全部走完 @PostConstruct public void afterPropertiesSet() throws Exception { System.out.println("MemberEntity >>>afterPropertiesSet"); } @PreDestroy public void destroy() throws Exception { System.out.println("MemberEntity >>> destroy"); } }
输出结果
无参构造函数执行..
MemberEntity >>>afterPropertiesSet
MemberEntity >>> destroy
SpringBean生命周期有个很好的理念就是后置处理器BeanPostProcessor
BeanPostProcessor引入:
@Component public class MyApplicationContext implements ApplicationContextAware { private ApplicationContext applicationContext; /** * spring底层中为什么能够实现ApplicationContextAware接口 就能够拿到ApplicationContext * @param applicationContext * @throws BeansException */ @Override public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext applicationContext) throws BeansException { MemberEntity memberEntity = applicationContext.getBean("memberEntity", MemberEntity.class); System.out.println("memberEntity:" + memberEntity); } }
@Configuration @ComponentScan("com.mayikt.entity") @Import(MyApplicationContext.class)//这里注入到spring容器中 public class MyConfig {}
输出结果:对象初始化,赋值完毕,就可以通过setApplicationContext拿到bean对象
memberEntity:com.mayikt.entity.MemberEntity@11e21d0e
思考问题:spring底层中为什么能够实现ApplicationContextAware接口 就能够拿到ApplicationContext
关键就是在于:BeanPostProcessor
下面我们开始分析:BeanPostProcessor后置处理器(非常重要!!!)
AnnotationConfigApplicationContext applicationContext = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(MyConfig.class);
public AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(Class>... annotatedClasses) { this(); register(annotatedClasses); refresh(); }
public void refresh() throws BeansException, IllegalStateException { synchronized (this.startupShutdownMonitor) { .... try { .... // Instantiate all remaining (non-lazy-init) singletons. finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory); } .... }
protected void finishBeanFactoryInitialization(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) { .... // Instantiate all remaining (non-lazy-init) singletons. beanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(); }
@Override public void preInstantiateSingletons() throws BeansException { .... ListbeanNames = new ArrayList<>(this.beanDefinitionNames); for (String beanName : beanNames) { RootBeanDefinition bd = getMergedLocalBeanDefinition(beanName); if (!bd.isAbstract() && bd.isSingleton() && !bd.isLazyInit()) { if (isFactoryBean(beanName)) { final FactoryBean> factory = (FactoryBean>) getBean(FACTORY_BEAN_PREFIX + beanName); boolean isEagerInit; if (System.getSecurityManager() != null && factory instanceof SmartFactoryBean) { isEagerInit = AccessController.doPrivileged((PrivilegedAction ) () -> ((SmartFactoryBean>) factory).isEagerInit(), getAccessControlContext()); } else { isEagerInit = (factory instanceof SmartFactoryBean && ((SmartFactoryBean>) factory).isEagerInit()); } if (isEagerInit) { getBean(beanName); } } else { getBean(beanName); } } } .... }
@Override public Object getBean(String name) throws BeansException { return doGetBean(name, null, null, false); }
protectedT doGetBean(final String name, @Nullable final Class requiredType, @Nullable final Object[] args, boolean typeCheckOnly) throws BeansException { .... Object sharedInstance = getSingleton(beanName);//检测缓存中或者实例工厂中是否有对应的实例 if (sharedInstance != null && args == null) { if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) { if (isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName)) { logger.debug("Returning eagerly cached instance of singleton bean '" + beanName + "' that is not fully initialized yet - a consequence of a circular reference"); } else { logger.debug("Returning cached instance of singleton bean '" + beanName + "'"); } } bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(sharedInstance, name, beanName, null);//返回对应的实例,有时候存在诸如BeanFactory的情况并不是直接返回实例本身而是返回指定方法返回的实例 } else { // Fail if we're already creating this bean instance: // We're assumably within a circular reference. if (isPrototypeCurrentlyInCreation(beanName)) {//只有在单例情况下才会去尝试解决循环依赖 throw new BeanCurrentlyInCreationException(beanName); } // Check if bean definition exists in this factory. BeanFactory parentBeanFactory = getParentBeanFactory(); if (parentBeanFactory != null && !containsBeanDefinition(beanName)) {//如果beaanDefinitionMap中也就是在所有已经加载的类中不包括beanName则尝试从parentBeanFactory中检测 // Not found -> check parent. String nameToLookup = originalBeanName(name); if (parentBeanFactory instanceof AbstractBeanFactory) { return ((AbstractBeanFactory) parentBeanFactory).doGetBean( nameToLookup, requiredType, args, typeCheckOnly); } else if (args != null) {//递归到BeanFactory中寻找 // Delegation to parent with explicit args. return (T) parentBeanFactory.getBean(nameToLookup, args); } else { // No args -> delegate to standard getBean method. return parentBeanFactory.getBean(nameToLookup, requiredType); } } if (!typeCheckOnly) {//如果不是仅仅做类型检查,则是创建Bean,这里进行记录 markBeanAsCreated(beanName); } try { final RootBeanDefinition mbd = getMergedLocalBeanDefinition(beanName);//转换为RootBeanDefinition checkMergedBeanDefinition(mbd, beanName, args); // Guarantee initialization of beans that the current bean depends on. String[] dependsOn = mbd.getDependsOn(); if (dependsOn != null) {//若存在依赖则需要递归实例化依赖的Bean for (String dep : dependsOn) { if (isDependent(beanName, dep)) { throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Circular depends-on relationship between '" + beanName + "' and '" + dep + "'"); } registerDependentBean(dep, beanName);//缓存依赖调用 getBean(dep); } } // Create bean instance. if (mbd.isSingleton()) {//实例化依赖的bean后,便可实例化mbd本身了,单例模式的创建 sharedInstance = getSingleton(beanName, () -> { try { return createBean(beanName, mbd, args); } catch (BeansException ex) { destroySingleton(beanName); throw ex; } }); bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(sharedInstance, name, beanName, mbd); } else if (mbd.isPrototype()) {//prototype模式的创建 // It's a prototype -> create a new instance. Object prototypeInstance = null; try { beforePrototypeCreation(beanName); prototypeInstance = createBean(beanName, mbd, args); } finally { afterPrototypeCreation(beanName); } bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(prototypeInstance, name, beanName, mbd); } else { String scopeName = mbd.getScope(); final Scope scope = this.scopes.get(scopeName); if (scope == null) { throw new IllegalStateException("No Scope registered for scope name '" + scopeName + "'"); } try { Object scopedInstance = scope.get(beanName, () -> { beforePrototypeCreation(beanName); try { return createBean(beanName, mbd, args); } finally { afterPrototypeCreation(beanName); } }); bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(scopedInstance, name, beanName, mbd); } catch (IllegalStateException ex) { throw new BeanCreationException(beanName, "Scope '" + scopeName + "' is not active for the current thread; consider " + "defining a scoped proxy for this bean if you intend to refer to it from a singleton", ex); } } } catch (BeansException ex) { cleanupAfterBeanCreationFailure(beanName); throw ex; } } // Check if required type matches the type of the actual bean instance. if (requiredType != null && !requiredType.isInstance(bean)) {//检测需要的类型是否符合实际bean的类型 try { T convertedBean = getTypeConverter().convertIfNecessary(bean, requiredType); if (convertedBean == null) { throw new BeanNotOfRequiredTypeException(name, requiredType, bean.getClass()); } return convertedBean; } catch (TypeMismatchException ex) { if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) { logger.debug("Failed to convert bean '" + name + "' to required type '" + ClassUtils.getQualifiedName(requiredType) + "'", ex); } throw new BeanNotOfRequiredTypeException(name, requiredType, bean.getClass()); } } return (T) bean; }
1.转换BeanName
2.尝试从缓存中加载单例bean
3.Bean的实例化
4.原型模式的依赖检查
5.检查parentBeanFactory
6.将存储XML配置文件的GernericBeanDefinition转换为RootBeanDefinition
7.寻找依赖
8.针对不同的scope进行bean的创建
9.类型转换
判断是单例:
if (mbd.isSingleton()) { sharedInstance = getSingleton(beanName, () -> { try { return createBean(beanName, mbd, args); } catch (BeansException ex) { destroySingleton(beanName); throw ex; } }); bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(sharedInstance, name, beanName, mbd); }
@Override protected Object createBean(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, @Nullable Object[] args) throws BeanCreationException { .... Object beanInstance = doCreateBean(beanName, mbdToUse, args); .... }
protected Object doCreateBean(final String beanName, final RootBeanDefinition mbd, final @Nullable Object[] args) throws BeanCreationException { final Object bean = instanceWrapper.getWrappedInstance(); .... Object exposedObject = bean; try { populateBean(beanName, mbd, instanceWrapper);//循环给属性赋值 exposedObject = initializeBean(beanName, exposedObject, mbd); } .... }
protected Object initializeBean(String beanName, Object bean, @Nullable RootBeanDefinition mbd) { if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) { AccessController.doPrivileged(() -> { this.invokeAwareMethods(beanName, bean); return null; }, this.getAccessControlContext()); } else { this.invokeAwareMethods(beanName, bean); } Object wrappedBean = bean; if (mbd == null || !mbd.isSynthetic()) { wrappedBean = this.applyBeanPostProcessorsBeforeInitialization(bean, beanName); } try { this.invokeInitMethods(beanName, wrappedBean, mbd);//执行自定义的init方法 } catch (Throwable var6) { throw new BeanCreationException(mbd != null ? mbd.getResourceDescription() : null, beanName, "Invocation of init method failed", var6); } if (mbd == null || !mbd.isSynthetic()) { wrappedBean = this.applyBeanPostProcessorsAfterInitialization(wrappedBean, beanName); } return wrappedBean; }
private void invokeAwareMethods(String beanName, Object bean) { if (bean instanceof Aware) { if (bean instanceof BeanNameAware) { //判断类型并设置beanName ((BeanNameAware)bean).setBeanName(beanName); } if (bean instanceof BeanClassLoaderAware) { ClassLoader bcl = this.getBeanClassLoader(); if (bcl != null) { ((BeanClassLoaderAware)bean).setBeanClassLoader(bcl); } } if (bean instanceof BeanFactoryAware) { ((BeanFactoryAware)bean).setBeanFactory(this); } } }
我们就明白了:IOC容器初始化单例对象都是循环遍历调用getBean方法。
@Component public class PayEntity implements BeanNameAware, BeanFactoryAware, InitializingBean, ApplicationContextAware { public PayEntity() { System.out.println("1.对象的实例化完成.."); } @Override public void setBeanName(String name) { System.out.println("2.对象beanName:" + name); } @Override public void setBeanFactory(BeanFactory beanFactory) throws BeansException { System.out.println("3.beanFactory:" + beanFactory); } @Override public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext applicationContext) throws BeansException { System.out.println("4.获取到applicationContext对象"); } @Override public void afterPropertiesSet() throws Exception { System.out.println("5.bean init方法执行.."); }
输出结果
1.对象的实例化完成..
2.对象beanName:payEntity
3.beanFactory:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory@55f3ddb1: defining beans [org.springframework.context.annotation.internalConfigurationAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.annotation.internalAutowiredAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.annotation.internalRequiredAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.annotation.internalCommonAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.event.internalEventListenerProcessor,org.springframework.context.event.internalEventListenerFactory,myConfig,payEntity]; root of factory hierarchy
4.获取到applicationContext对象
5.bean init方法执行..
protected Object initializeBean(final String beanName, final Object bean, @Nullable RootBeanDefinition mbd) { .... if (mbd == null || !mbd.isSynthetic()) { wrappedBean = applyBeanPostProcessorsBeforeInitialization(wrappedBean, beanName);//init之前处理操作 } .... try { invokeInitMethods(beanName, wrappedBean, mbd);//init执行逻辑 } .... if (mbd == null || !mbd.isSynthetic()) { wrappedBean = applyBeanPostProcessorsAfterInitialization(wrappedBean, beanName);//init之后处理操作 } return wrappedBean; }
BeanPostProcessor后置处理器的前置处理逻辑和后置处理逻辑:
public Object applyBeanPostProcessorsBeforeInitialization(Object existingBean, String beanName) throws BeansException { for (BeanPostProcessor beanProcessor : getBeanPostProcessors()) { Object current = beanProcessor.postProcessBeforeInitialization(result, beanName); ... }
public Object applyBeanPostProcessorsAfterInitialization(Object existingBean, String beanName) throws BeansException { for (BeanPostProcessor beanProcessor : getBeanPostProcessors()) { Object current = beanProcessor.postProcessAfterInitialization(result, beanName); ... }
@Component public class MyBeanPostProcessor implements BeanPostProcessor { //BeanPostProcessor 后置处理器 对我们bean的对象实现增强 @Override // 执行自定义init方法之前处理 public Object postProcessBeforeInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException { System.out.println("执行init方法之前处理 : " + beanName); return bean; } @Override // 执行自定义init方法之后处理 public Object postProcessAfterInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException { System.out.println("执行init方法之后处理 :" + beanName); return bean; } //BeanPostProcessor 后置处理 // Aware 实现 }
输出结果:
执行init方法之前处理 : org.springframework.context.event.internalEventListenerProcessor
执行init方法之后处理 :org.springframework.context.event.internalEventListenerProcessor
执行init方法之前处理 : org.springframework.context.event.internalEventListenerFactory
执行init方法之后处理 :org.springframework.context.event.internalEventListenerFactory
执行init方法之前处理 : myConfig
执行init方法之后处理 :myConfig
1.对象的实例化完成..
2.对象beanName:payEntity
3.beanFactory:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory@55f3ddb1: defining beans [org.springframework.context.annotation.internalConfigurationAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.annotation.internalAutowiredAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.annotation.internalRequiredAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.annotation.internalCommonAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.event.internalEventListenerProcessor,org.springframework.context.event.internalEventListenerFactory,myConfig,payEntity,com.mayikt.processor.MyBeanPostProcessor]; root of factory hierarchy
4.获取到applicationContext对象
执行init方法之前处理 : payEntity
5.bean init方法执行..
执行init方法之后处理 :payEntity
实现ApplicationAware接口怎么就可以setApplicationContext呢?
@Override public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext applicationContext) throws BeansException { System.out.println("4.获取到applicationContext对象"); }
public Object applyBeanPostProcessorsAfterInitialization(Object existingBean, String beanName) throws BeansException { Object result = existingBean; for (BeanPostProcessor beanProcessor : getBeanPostProcessors()) { Object current = beanProcessor.postProcessAfterInitialization(result, beanName); if (current == null) { return result; } result = current; } return result; }
@Override public Object postProcessAfterInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) { return bean; }
发现BeanPostProcessor后置处理器的postProcessAfterInitialization后置处理什么也没做:
再去前置找:
public Object applyBeanPostProcessorsBeforeInitialization(Object existingBean, String beanName) throws BeansException { Object result = existingBean; for (BeanPostProcessor beanProcessor : getBeanPostProcessors()) { Object current = beanProcessor.postProcessBeforeInitialization(result, beanName); if (current == null) { return result; } result = current; } return result; }
public Object postProcessBeforeInitialization(final Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException { AccessControlContext acc = null; if (System.getSecurityManager() != null && (bean instanceof EnvironmentAware || bean instanceof EmbeddedValueResolverAware || bean instanceof ResourceLoaderAware || bean instanceof ApplicationEventPublisherAware || bean instanceof MessageSourceAware || bean instanceof ApplicationContextAware)) { acc = this.applicationContext.getBeanFactory().getAccessControlContext(); } if (acc != null) { AccessController.doPrivileged((PrivilegedAction
private void invokeAwareInterfaces(Object bean) { if (bean instanceof Aware) { if (bean instanceof EnvironmentAware) { ((EnvironmentAware) bean).setEnvironment(this.applicationContext.getEnvironment()); } if (bean instanceof EmbeddedValueResolverAware) { ((EmbeddedValueResolverAware) bean).setEmbeddedValueResolver(this.embeddedValueResolver); } if (bean instanceof ResourceLoaderAware) { ((ResourceLoaderAware) bean).setResourceLoader(this.applicationContext); } if (bean instanceof ApplicationEventPublisherAware) { ((ApplicationEventPublisherAware) bean).setApplicationEventPublisher(this.applicationContext); } if (bean instanceof MessageSourceAware) { ((MessageSourceAware) bean).setMessageSource(this.applicationContext); } if (bean instanceof ApplicationContextAware) {//判断ApplicationContextAware类型,赋值 ((ApplicationContextAware) bean).setApplicationContext(this.applicationContext); } } }
看到没有,最后判断:bean instanceof ApplicationContextAware类型,再赋值
我们就可以知道上面提出的这个问题:实现ApplicationAware接口怎么就可以setApplicationContext?
所以我们知道ApplicationContextAware是通过BeanPostProcessor后置处理器的postProcessBeforeInitialization前置处理实现的。
源码分析流程:
1.进入到刷新refresh()方法
2.finishBeanFactoryInitialization()初始化所有单例对象
3.preInstantiateSingletons()初始化所有的单例对象:注意是非懒加载
4.getBean()-》doGetBean()先查询该对象是否有初始化过,没有的化就创建注册到IOC容器中
5.createBean()判断对象如果是单例的情况下,就调用该方法去创建对象
6.doCreateBean()创建IOC对象
7.createBeanInstance()使用Java的反射机制实例化我们的对象
8.populateBean()给对象的set属性赋值
9.initializeBean()执行初始化方法(也可以自己定义初始化的方法)
10.invokeAwareMethods()判断bean的类型是否是Aware相关依赖,如果存在的情况回调方法
11.applyBeanPostProcessorsBeforeInitialization()在初始化方法之前执行处理(增强)
12.invokeInitMethods()调用自定义的init方法,Java反射技术
13.applyBeanPostProcessorsAfterInitialization()在初始化方法之后执行处理(增强)
14.正常是用我们初始化好的这个Bean对象
15.销毁bean
本文参考
参考书籍:Spring源码深度解析
蚂蚁课堂:http://www.mayikt.com/