RXTX 是一个提供串口和并口通信的开源java类库,使用上与 sun 提供的 comm.jar 基本相同,编程时最明显的不同是要包含的包名由 javax.comm.* 改成了 gnu.io.*
首先下载RXTX库对应的资源文件。下载地址 http://fizzed.com/oss/rxtx-for-java 根据自己的系统下载对应的文件。
RXTX 的实现还需要依赖几个动态库,所以我们要先把动态库放到对应的 jdk 目录下面去。windows 和 linux 拷贝的文件不同:
拷贝 RXTXcomm.jar 到
或者自己手动导入到项目依赖中
package com.stu.rxtxuse;
import gnu.io.SerialPort;
public final class SerialParameter {
// 串口名称
private String serialPortName;
// 波特率
private int baudRate;
// 数据位 默认8位
private int dataBits;
// 停止位
private int stopBits;
// 校验位
private int parity;
public SerialParameter(String serialPortName){
this.serialPortName = serialPortName;
this.baudRate = 9600;
this.dataBits = SerialPort.DATABITS_8;
this.stopBits = SerialPort.STOPBITS_1;
this.parity = SerialPort.PARITY_NONE;
}
public SerialParameter(String serialPortName, int baudRate){
this.serialPortName = serialPortName;
this.baudRate = baudRate;
this.dataBits = SerialPort.DATABITS_8;
this.stopBits = SerialPort.STOPBITS_1;
this.parity = SerialPort.PARITY_NONE;
}
public String getSerialPortName() {
return serialPortName;
}
public void setSerialPortName(String serialPortName) {
this.serialPortName = serialPortName;
}
public int getBaudRate() {
return baudRate;
}
public void setBaudRate(int baudRate) {
this.baudRate = baudRate;
}
public int getDataBits() {
return dataBits;
}
public void setDataBits(int dataBits) {
this.dataBits = dataBits;
}
public int getStopBits() {
return stopBits;
}
public void setStopBits(int stopBits) {
this.stopBits = stopBits;
}
public int getParity() {
return parity;
}
public void setParity(int parity) {
this.parity = parity;
}
}
package com.stu.rxtxuse;
import gnu.io.*;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Enumeration;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.TooManyListenersException;
public class SerialTool {
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public static List<String> getSerialPortList() {
List<String> systemPorts = new ArrayList<>();
//获得系统可用的端口
Enumeration<CommPortIdentifier> portList = CommPortIdentifier.getPortIdentifiers();
while (portList.hasMoreElements()) {
String portName = portList.nextElement().getName();//获得端口的名字
systemPorts.add(portName);
}
return systemPorts;
}
// 打开串口 *** 一系列情况,不断重写传递参数 ***
public static SerialPort openSerialPort(String serialPortName)
throws NoSuchPortException, PortInUseException, UnsupportedCommOperationException {
SerialParameter parameter = new SerialParameter(serialPortName);
return openSerialPort(parameter);
}
public static SerialPort openSerialPort(String serialPortName, int baudRate)
throws NoSuchPortException, PortInUseException, UnsupportedCommOperationException {
SerialParameter parameter = new SerialParameter(serialPortName, baudRate);
return openSerialPort(parameter);
}
public static SerialPort openSerialPort(String serialPortName, int baudRate, int timeout)
throws NoSuchPortException, PortInUseException, UnsupportedCommOperationException {
SerialParameter parameter = new SerialParameter(serialPortName, baudRate);
return openSerialPort(parameter, timeout);
}
public static SerialPort openSerialPort(SerialParameter parameter)
throws NoSuchPortException, PortInUseException, UnsupportedCommOperationException {
return openSerialPort(parameter, 2000);
}
public static SerialPort openSerialPort(SerialParameter parameter, int timeout)
throws NoSuchPortException, PortInUseException, UnsupportedCommOperationException {
//通过端口名称得到端口
CommPortIdentifier portIdentifier = CommPortIdentifier.getPortIdentifier(parameter.getSerialPortName());
//打开端口,(自定义名字,打开超时时间)
CommPort commPort = portIdentifier.open(parameter.getSerialPortName(), timeout);
//判断是不是串口
if (commPort instanceof SerialPort) {
SerialPort serialPort = (SerialPort) commPort;
//设置串口参数(波特率,数据位8,停止位1,校验位无)
serialPort.setSerialPortParams(parameter.getBaudRate(), parameter.getDataBits(), parameter.getStopBits(), parameter.getParity());
System.out.println("开启串口成功,串口名称:" + parameter.getSerialPortName());
return serialPort;
} else {
//是其他类型的端口
throw new NoSuchPortException();
}
}
// *** 最后一个即是最终结果 ***
// 关闭串口
public static void closeSerialPort(SerialPort serialPort) {
if (serialPort != null) {
serialPort.close();
System.out.println("关闭了串口:" + serialPort.getName());
}
}
// 向串口发送数据
public static void sendData(SerialPort serialPort, byte[] data) {
OutputStream os = null;
try {
//获得串口的输出流
os = serialPort.getOutputStream();
os.write(data);
os.flush();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
if (os != null) {
os.close();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
// 从串口读取数据
public static byte[] readData(SerialPort serialPort) {
InputStream is = null;
byte[] bytes = null;
try {
//获得串口的输入流
is = serialPort.getInputStream();
//获得数据长度
int bufflenth = is.available();
while (bufflenth != 0) {
//初始化byte数组
bytes = new byte[bufflenth];
is.read(bytes);
bufflenth = is.available();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
if (is != null) {
is.close();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
return bytes;
}
// 给串口设置监听
public static void setListenerToSerialPort(SerialPort serialPort, SerialPortEventListener listener) throws TooManyListenersException {
//给串口添加事件监听
serialPort.addEventListener(listener);
//串口有数据监听
serialPort.notifyOnDataAvailable(true);
//中断事件监听
serialPort.notifyOnBreakInterrupt(true);
}
}
package com.stu.rxtxuse;
import java.util.TooManyListenersException;
import gnu.io.*;
public class SerialRead {
public static void main(String[] args)
throws TooManyListenersException, NoSuchPortException, PortInUseException, UnsupportedCommOperationException {
//获得系统端口列表
SerialTool.getSerialPortList();
//开启端口COM4,波特率9600,根据自己的情况更改
final SerialPort serialPort = SerialTool.openSerialPort("COM4", 9600);
//设置串口的listener
SerialTool.setListenerToSerialPort(serialPort, new SerialPortEventListener() {
@Override
public void serialEvent(SerialPortEvent arg0) {
// 解决数据断行
try {
Thread.sleep(25);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
if(arg0.getEventType() == SerialPortEvent.DATA_AVAILABLE) {
// 数据通知
byte[] bytes = SerialTool.readData(serialPort);
System.out.println("收到的数据长度:"+bytes.length);
System.out.println("收到的数据:"+ new String(bytes));
}
}
});
}
}
读取串口信息的程序中,在中间加上了一个
try {
Thread.sleep(25);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
可以有效解决数据读取断行问题,Thread.sleep() 中的时间要小于串口信息发送端的时间间隔。
我这里的传感器是 50ms 发送一次数据,所以程序中是 25ms