java实现excel表格导入数据库表
导入excel就是一个上传excel文件，然后获取excel文件数据，然后处理数据并插入到数据库的过程
一、上传excel
前端jsp页面，我的是index.jsp
在页面中我自己加入了一个下载上传文件的功能，其中超链接就是下载
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
Insert title here
导入excel表格
上传的文件
后端的上传的servlet，其中需要commons-fileupload-1.2.1.jar的支持，然后我的保存路径savePath是自己写的一个配置文件来的，这里可以写上自己的上传文件所保存的路径就行,返回的是一个json，包括文件路径还有文件名
package com.huang.servlet;
import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.UUID;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileItem;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.disk.DiskFileItem;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileUploadBase;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileUploadException;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.ProgressListener;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.disk.DiskFileItemFactory;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.servlet.ServletFileUpload;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.util.Streams;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import com.huang.entity.User;
import com.huang.utils.Excel2Bean;
import com.huang.utils.PropertiesUtil;
/**
* Servlet implementation class UploadHandleServlet
*/
@WebServlet("/UploadHandleServlet")
public class UploadHandleServlet extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
/**
* @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet()
*/
public UploadHandleServlet() {
super();
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
}
/**
* @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
*/
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
doPost(request, response);
}
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
System.out.println("进入servlet");
DiskFileItemFactory fac = new DiskFileItemFactory();
ServletFileUpload upload = new ServletFileUpload(fac);
upload.setHeaderEncoding("UTF-8");
// 获取多个上传文件
List fileList = null;
try {
fileList = upload.parseRequest(request);
} catch (FileUploadException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
// 遍历上传文件写入磁盘
Iterator it = fileList.iterator();
while (it.hasNext()) {
Object obit = it.next();
if (obit instanceof DiskFileItem) {
DiskFileItem item = (DiskFileItem) obit;
// 如果item是文件上传表单域
// 获得文件名及路径
String fileName = item.getName();
if (fileName != null) {
String fName = item.getName().substring(
item.getName().lastIndexOf("\\") + 1);
String formatName = fName
.substring(fName.lastIndexOf(".") + 1);// 获取文件后缀名
String savePath = PropertiesUtil.getInstance().getProperty("uploadFile");
// String savePath = this.getServletContext().getRealPath("/WEB-INF/upload");
File expsfile = new File(savePath);
if (!expsfile.exists()) {// 创建文件夹
expsfile.mkdirs();
}
String realPath = savePath+"/"+ UUID.randomUUID().toString()+"."+formatName;
System.out.println("realPath:"+realPath);
BufferedInputStream bis = new BufferedInputStream(
item.getInputStream());// 获得文件输入流
BufferedOutputStream outStream = new BufferedOutputStream(
new FileOutputStream(new File(realPath)));// 获得文件输出流
Streams.copy(bis, outStream, true);// 开始把文件写到你指定的上传文件夹
// 上传成功，则插入数据库
File file = new File(realPath);
if (file.exists()) {
// request.setAttribute("realPath", realPath);
// request.getRequestDispatcher("/user/insertUserByExcelPath").forward(request, response);
// 返回文件路径
String imageName = file.getName();
String json = "[{\"filePath\":\""
+ realPath
+ "\",\"imageName\":\"" + imageName + "\"}]";
response.reset();
response.setContentType("text/json");
response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
response.getWriter().write(json);
// response.getWriter().write(realPath);
response.getWriter().flush();
}
}
}
}
}
}
二、处理excel表格并得到含有Javabean的list
在用ajax调用servlet上传文件后得到路径和文件名，然后进行excel数据处理，在前端的页面上调用importExcel()的js函数，传入刚刚得到的文件路径
我这里用的是ssm框架中的controller（我自己也学习一下），这里也可以用servlet,或者Struts等。能访问到后端服务就行。
这里是controller中的代码，主要数据处理在Excel2Bean.getBeanByExcelPath(filePath, User.class)这个方法中
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.context.request.RequestContextHolder;
import org.springframework.web.context.request.ServletRequestAttributes;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import com.huang.entity.User;
import com.huang.service.UserService;
import com.huang.utils.Excel2Bean;
@Controller("/userController")
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {
@Autowired
Excel2Bean excel2Bean;
@Resource(name="userService")
UserService userService;
@RequestMapping("/insertUserByExcelPath")
public void insertUserByExcelPath(HttpServletRequest req,HttpServletResponse Resp){
System.out.println("进入insertUserByExcelPath");
String filePath = req.getParameter("filePath");
System.out.println("filePath:"+filePath);
List list =Excel2Bean.getBeanByExcelPath(filePath, User.class);
excel2Bean.testinsert(list);
}
} 这里就说说Excel2Bean.getBeanByExcelPath(filePath, User.class)这个方法
从excel表格中获取数据然后转换成一个javaBean的list集合，代码中操作excel表格需要用到的jar poi-ooxml-3.9-20121203.jar，poi-3.9-20121203.jar，poi-ooxml-schemas-3.9-20121203.jar，为什么要用到这些jar，因为在有些之前的版本的poi中可能对word的版本不能兼容，网上具体有说到这个。最好是用org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook这个来操作excel，poi各种版本官网下载可以参考微博https://mp.csdn.net/postedit/83620739。对于getBeanByExcelPath这个方法使用到了泛型，也使用到了一点点的反射的东西，获取一个类的属性，并给属性赋值。代码中有方法测试这个获取Javabean的属性并赋值的方法。这个方法也是为了能更通用一点，适用于更多的javabean，更多的表。当然excel的表头就要用到Javabean中的属性名称了。如果对泛型不是很了解的可以学习一下，当然也可以先看里面的readExcel(filePath)这个方法，是一个固定的Javabean对象
代码如下
package com.huang.utils;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.text.DecimalFormat;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.*;
import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import net.sf.jxls.exception.ParsePropertyException;
import net.sf.jxls.transformer.XLSTransformer;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.model.Workbook;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCell;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.openxml4j.exceptions.InvalidFormatException;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.WorkbookFactory;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import com.huang.entity.User;
import com.huang.service.UserService;
@Component
public class Excel2Bean {
@Resource(name="userService")
UserService userService;
public static Excel2Bean excel2Bean;
@PostConstruct
public void init() {
excel2Bean = this;
}
public static void testinsert(List list){
if(list!=null&&list.size()>0){
for (User user : list) {
user.setId(excel2Bean.userService.getMaxId()+1);
excel2Bean.userService.insertUserByUser(user);
}
}
// System.out.println(excel2Bean.userService.getMaxId());
}
/**
* 获取属性名数组
* @throws IllegalAccessException
* @throws InstantiationException
* @throws SecurityException
* */
public static String[] getFiledName(Class clazz) throws SecurityException, InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException{
Field[] fields=clazz.newInstance().getClass().getDeclaredFields();
String[] fieldNames=new String[fields.length];
for(int i=0;iT getByExcelPath(String excelPath,Class clazz){
T bean = null;
try {
bean = clazz.newInstance();
String tableName = clazz.getSimpleName();
// 反射bean上与列名相同的属性
try {
Field f = bean.getClass().getDeclaredField("name");
f.setAccessible(true);
f.set(bean, "兽王");
// System.out.println(f);
} catch (NoSuchFieldException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (SecurityException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
} catch (InstantiationException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
return bean;
}
public static List getBeanByExcelPath(String excelPath,Class clazz){
List list = new ArrayList();
org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook workbook = null;
InputStream is = null;
try {
is = new FileInputStream(excelPath);
workbook = WorkbookFactory.create(is);
is.close();
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (InvalidFormatException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
// 循环工作表
for (int numSheet = 0; numSheet < workbook.getNumberOfSheets(); numSheet++) {
Sheet sheet = workbook.getSheetAt(numSheet);//得到工作表
if (sheet == null) {
continue;
}
// 循环行 因为表头行是第0行，所以从0开始循环
Row rowHead = sheet.getRow(0);
for (int rowNum = 1; rowNum <= sheet.getLastRowNum(); rowNum++) {
T bean = null;
try {
bean = clazz.newInstance();
} catch (InstantiationException e1) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e1.printStackTrace();
} catch (IllegalAccessException e1) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e1.printStackTrace();
}
Row row = sheet.getRow(rowNum);//得到行
short s = row.getLastCellNum();//得到此行有多少列
for (int i = 0; i < s; i++) {
Cell cell = row.getCell(i);//得到单元格（每行）
Cell cellHead = rowHead.getCell(i);
String feild = (String) getCellValObject(cellHead);//得到表头属性名称
Object value = getCellValObject(cell);
Field f = null;
try {
f = bean.getClass().getDeclaredField(feild);//根据名称获取bean中的属性
f.setAccessible(true);
f.set(bean, value);//给属性赋值
} catch (NoSuchFieldException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (SecurityException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
//把所有属性值添加完成后装入list中
list.add(bean);
}
}
return list;
}
public static String getCellVal(HSSFCell cel) {
if(cel.getCellType() == HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING) {
return cel.getRichStringCellValue().getString();
}
if(cel.getCellType() == HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC) {
return cel.getNumericCellValue() + "";
}
if(cel.getCellType() == HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_BOOLEAN) {
return cel.getBooleanCellValue() + "";
}
return cel.toString();
}
public static String getCellVal(Cell cel) {
if(cel.getCellType() == Cell.CELL_TYPE_STRING) {
return cel.getRichStringCellValue().getString();
}
if(cel.getCellType() == Cell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC) {
return cel.getNumericCellValue() + "";
}
if(cel.getCellType() == Cell.CELL_TYPE_BOOLEAN) {
return cel.getBooleanCellValue() + "";
}
if(cel.getCellType() == Cell.CELL_TYPE_FORMULA) {
return cel.getCellFormula() + "";
}
return cel.toString();
}
public static Object getCellValObject(Cell cel) {
if(cel.getCellType() == Cell.CELL_TYPE_STRING) {
return cel.getRichStringCellValue().getString();
}
if(cel.getCellType() == Cell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC) {
return new Integer(Double.valueOf(cel.getNumericCellValue()).intValue());
}
if(cel.getCellType() == Cell.CELL_TYPE_BOOLEAN) {
return cel.getBooleanCellValue() + "";
}
if(cel.getCellType() == Cell.CELL_TYPE_FORMULA) {
return cel.getCellFormula() + "";
}
return null;
}
public static List readExcel(String filePath){
List list = new ArrayList();
// HSSFWorkbook workbook = null;
org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook workbook = null;
try {
// 读取Excel文件
InputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(filePath);
// workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(inputStream);
workbook = WorkbookFactory.create(inputStream);
inputStream.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
// 循环工作表
for (int numSheet = 0; numSheet < workbook.getNumberOfSheets(); numSheet++) {
Sheet hssfSheet = workbook.getSheetAt(numSheet);
if (hssfSheet == null) {
continue;
}
// 循环行
for (int rowNum = 1; rowNum <= hssfSheet.getLastRowNum(); rowNum++) {
Row hssfRow = hssfSheet.getRow(rowNum);
// System.out.println("hssfRow1:"+hssfRow.getRowNum());
// System.out.println("hssfRow2:"+hssfRow.getLastCellNum());
if (hssfRow == null) {
continue;
}
// 将单元格中的内容存入集合
User user = new User();
Cell cell = hssfRow.getCell(0);
if (cell == null) {
continue;
}
String name = getCellVal(cell);
System.out.println("name:"+name);
user.setName(name);
cell = hssfRow.getCell(1);
if (cell == null) {
continue;
}
String age = getCellVal(cell);
Integer aa = Double.valueOf(age).intValue();
System.out.println("age:"+age);
user.setAge(Double.valueOf(age).intValue());
list.add(user);
}
}
return list;
}
}
三、插入数据库
得到excel转换成Javabean的list对象后然后插入到数据库中。我这里用的是ssm里面的一些操作，我自己可能都解释不清楚。反正得到数据，然后往数据库插入数据这个操作也可以用其他方式的，框架也好，jdbc连接数据库直接去执行sql也好，都OK。
最后贴一下下载上传的文件的servlet代码
package com.huang.servlet;
import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
/**
* Servlet implementation class DownLoadServlet
*/
@WebServlet("/DownLoadServlet")
public class DownLoadServlet extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
/**
* @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet()
*/
public DownLoadServlet() {
super();
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
}
/**
* @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
*/
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
doPost(request,response);
}
/**
* @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
*/
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
// 下载文件
// String path = "d:"+File.separator + "mytestfile" + File.separator + "testFile.txt";
String path = request.getParameter("filePath");
String realPath = path.substring(path.lastIndexOf("\\")+1);
response.setHeader("content-disposition","attachment; filename="+URLEncoder.encode(realPath, "utf-8"));
//获取到所下载的资源
FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(path);
if(fis!=null){
int len = 0;
byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
while ((len = fis.read(buf)) != -1) {
response.getOutputStream().write(buf, 0, len);
}
fis.close();
}else{
response.getWriter().write("服务器上面不存在该文件");
}
}
}
还有User.java这个javabean
public class User {
private Integer id;
private String name;
private Integer age;
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name == null ? null : name.trim();
}页面效果如下，超链接可以下载，点击确定后上传文件并取数据然后插入数据库表中
excel表格形式如下
| name | age |
| 大鱼 | 18 |
| 小鱼 | 15 |
文章不知道有什么遗漏的地方，有的话，还请多多指教。