web.xml 中关于 MVC 的详细配置

1、spring 框架解决字符串编码问题：过滤器 CharacterEncodingFilter（filter-name） 
2、在web.xml配置监听器ContextLoaderListener（listener-class） 
ContextLoaderListener的作用就是启动Web容器时，自动装配ApplicationContext的配置信息。因为它实现了ServletContextListener这个接口，在web.xml配置这个监听器，启动容器时，就会默认执行它实现的方法。 
3、部署applicationContext的xml文件：contextConfigLocation（context-param下的param-name） 
4、DispatcherServlet是前置控制器，配置在web.xml文件中的。拦截匹配的请求，Servlet拦截匹配规则要自已定义，把拦截下来的请求，依据某某规则分发到目标Controller(我们写的Action)来处理。 
DispatcherServlet（servlet-name、servlet-class、init-param、param-name(contextConfigLocation)、param-value） 
在DispatcherServlet的初始化过程中，框架会在web应用的 WEB-INF文件夹下寻找名为[servlet-name]-servlet.xml 的配置文件，生成文件中定义的bean

xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
<web-app version="3.0" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"  
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd">  

      
    <filter>  
        <filter-name>characterEncodingFilterfilter-name>  
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilterfilter-class>  
        <init-param>  
            <param-name>encodingparam-name>  
            <param-value>UTF-8param-value>  
        init-param>  
        <init-param>  
            <param-name>forceEncodingparam-name>  
            <param-value>trueparam-value>  
        init-param>  
    filter>  
    <filter-mapping>  
        <filter-name>characterEncodingFilterfilter-name>  
        <url-pattern>/*url-pattern>  
    filter-mapping>  
      
      
      
    <listener>  
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListenerlistener-class>  
    listener>  
      
      
    <context-param>  
        <param-name>contextConfigLocationparam-name>  
        <param-value>classpath:spring/applicationContext.xmlparam-value>  
    context-param>  

      
      
      
    <servlet-mapping>  
        <servlet-name>defaultservlet-name>  
        <url-pattern>*.cssurl-pattern>  
    servlet-mapping>  
    <servlet-mapping>  
        <servlet-name>defaultservlet-name>  
        <url-pattern>*.swfurl-pattern>  
    servlet-mapping>  
    <servlet-mapping>  
        <servlet-name>defaultservlet-name>  
        <url-pattern>*.gifurl-pattern>  
    servlet-mapping>  
    <servlet-mapping>  
        <servlet-name>defaultservlet-name>  
        <url-pattern>*.jpgurl-pattern>  
    servlet-mapping>  
    <servlet-mapping>  
        <servlet-name>defaultservlet-name>  
        <url-pattern>*.pngurl-pattern>  
    servlet-mapping>  
    <servlet-mapping>  
        <servlet-name>defaultservlet-name>  
        <url-pattern>*.jsurl-pattern>  
    servlet-mapping>  
    <servlet-mapping>  
        <servlet-name>defaultservlet-name>  
        <url-pattern>*.htmlurl-pattern>  
    servlet-mapping>  
    <servlet-mapping>  
        <servlet-name>defaultservlet-name>  
        <url-pattern>*.xmlurl-pattern>  
    servlet-mapping>  
    <servlet-mapping>  
        <servlet-name>defaultservlet-name>  
        <url-pattern>*.jsonurl-pattern>  
    servlet-mapping>  
    <servlet-mapping>  
        <servlet-name>defaultservlet-name>  
        <url-pattern>*.mapurl-pattern>  
    servlet-mapping>  
      
      
    <servlet>  
        <servlet-name>DispatcherServletservlet-name>  
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServletservlet-class>  
          
        <init-param>  
            <param-name>contextConfigLocationparam-name>  
              
              
              
              
              
            <param-value>classpath:spring/dispatcher-servlet.xmlparam-value>  
        init-param>  
        <load-on-startup>1load-on-startup>  
    servlet>  
    <servlet-mapping>  
          
          
        <servlet-name>DispatcherServletservlet-name>  
          
          
          
        <url-pattern>/url-pattern>   
    servlet-mapping>  

    <welcome-file-list>  
        <welcome-file>login.htmlwelcome-file>  
    welcome-file-list>  
    <error-page>   
        <error-code>404error-code>  
        <location>/nopage.htmllocation>  
    error-page>  
    <error-page>   
        <exception-type>java.lang.NullPointerExceptionexception-type>  
        <location>/error.htmllocation>  
    error-page>  
    <session-config>  
        <session-timeout>360session-timeout>  
    session-config>  
web-app>