用MediaProjectionManager进行截图（需安卓5.0以上）

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代码示例

package com.example.banbeichas.mediaprojectionmanagerdemo;

import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.hardware.display.DisplayManager;
import android.hardware.display.VirtualDisplay;
import android.media.Image;
import android.media.ImageReader;
import android.media.projection.MediaProjection;
import android.media.projection.MediaProjectionManager;
import android.os.Build;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.support.annotation.RequiresApi;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.DisplayMetrics;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.WindowManager;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.Toast;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener {
    Button btn_start;
    private MediaProjectionManager mediaProjectionManager;
    private ImageReader mImageReader;
    private String mImagePath;
    private WindowManager mWindowManager;
    private int mWindowWidth;
    private int mWindowHeight;
    private int mScreenDensity;
    private Intent it;
    private String mImageName;
    private static final String TAG = "MainActivity";
    private Bitmap mBitmap;
    private VirtualDisplay mVirtualDisplay;

    @RequiresApi(api = Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP)
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        btn_start = findViewById(R.id.btn_start);
        btn_start.setOnClickListener(this);


        init();
    }

    @RequiresApi(api = Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP)
    private void init() {
        mediaProjectionManager = (MediaProjectionManager) getSystemService(MEDIA_PROJECTION_SERVICE);
        it = mediaProjectionManager.createScreenCaptureIntent();
        mImagePath = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getPath() + "/jietu/";
        mWindowManager = (WindowManager) getSystemService(Context.WINDOW_SERVICE);
        mWindowWidth = mWindowManager.getDefaultDisplay().getWidth();
        mWindowHeight = mWindowManager.getDefaultDisplay().getHeight();
        mImageReader = ImageReader.newInstance(mWindowWidth, mWindowHeight, 0x1, 2);
        DisplayMetrics displayMetrics = new DisplayMetrics();
        mWindowManager.getDefaultDisplay().getMetrics(displayMetrics);
        mScreenDensity = displayMetrics.densityDpi;

    }

    private void startCapture() {
        mImageName = "截图" + System.currentTimeMillis() + ".png";
        Log.i(TAG, "image name is : " + mImageName);
        Image image = mImageReader.acquireLatestImage();
        if (image == null) {
            Log.e(TAG, "image is null.");
            return;
        }
        int width = image.getWidth();
        int height = image.getHeight();
        final Image.Plane[] planes = image.getPlanes();
        final ByteBuffer buffer = planes[0].getBuffer();
        int pixelStride = planes[0].getPixelStride();
        int rowStride = planes[0].getRowStride();
        int rowPadding = rowStride - pixelStride * width;
        mBitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(width + rowPadding / pixelStride, height, Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888);
        mBitmap.copyPixelsFromBuffer(buffer);
        mBitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(mBitmap, 0, 0, width, height);
        image.close();

        stopScreenCapture();
        saveToFile();
    }

    private void stopScreenCapture() {
        if (mVirtualDisplay != null) {
            mVirtualDisplay.release();
            mVirtualDisplay = null;
        }
    }

    private void saveToFile() {
        try {
            File fileFolder = new File(mImagePath);
            if (!fileFolder.exists())
                fileFolder.mkdirs();
            File file = new File(mImagePath, mImageName);
            if (!file.exists()) {
                Log.d(TAG, "file create success ");
                file.createNewFile();
            }
            FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(file);
            mBitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.PNG, 100, out);
            out.flush();
            out.close();
            Log.d(TAG, "file save success ");
            Toast.makeText(this.getApplicationContext(), "截图成功", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            Log.e(TAG, e.toString());
            Toast.makeText(this.getApplicationContext(), "截图失败", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    @RequiresApi(api = Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP)
    @Override
    protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
        super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
        MediaProjection mediaProjection = mediaProjectionManager.getMediaProjection(resultCode, data);
        if (null != mediaProjection) {

            mVirtualDisplay = mediaProjection.createVirtualDisplay("ScreenCapture", mWindowWidth, mWindowHeight, mScreenDensity, DisplayManager.VIRTUAL_DISPLAY_FLAG_AUTO_MIRROR, mImageReader.getSurface(), null, null);
            startCapture();
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void onClick(View v) {
        startActivityForResult(it, 666);
    }
}