（转）Centos7离线安装mysql8
Centos7离线安装mysql8
linux版本：Centois7
mysql版本：8
一、安装
1、下载mysql离线安装包
下载地址：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/
选择如下：
【Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 / Oracle Linux】
【Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 / Oracle Linux 7 (x86, 64-bit)】
2、上传tar包至服务器
3、删除原有的mariadb
先查看一下是否已经安装了，命令：rpm -qa|grep mariadb
删除mariadb，命令：rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs
4、解压缩mysql离线安装包
cd /home/soft
tar -xvf mysql-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
解压缩之后，包含以下rpm包
mysql-community-libs-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-embedded-compat-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-devel-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-server-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-client-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-common-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-test-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm
5、安装rmp包
逐个安装，命令如下：
【必须安装】
rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm
【非必须安装】
rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-embedded-compat-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-devel-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-test-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm
出现错误1：
warning: mysql-community-devel-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
pkgconfig(openssl) is needed by mysql-community-devel-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64
解决办法1：
yum install openssl-devel.x86_64 openssl.x86_64 -y
出现问题2：
warning: mysql-community-test-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
perl(Data::Dumper) is needed by mysql-community-test-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64
perl(JSON) is needed by mysql-community-test-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64
解决办法2：
yum install perl.x86_64 perl-devel.x86_64 -y
yum install perl-JSON.noarch -y
yum -y install autoconf
二、服务启停
1、查看服务状态
命令：systemctl status mysqld
2、停止服务
命令：service mysqld stop
3、初始化数据库
命令：mysqld --initialize --console
4、目录授权
命令：chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql/
5、启动mysql服务
命令：systemctl start mysqld
命令：systemctl status mysqld
三、数据库操作
1、查看临时密码：
命令：cat /var/log/mysqld.log
2、用临时密码登录数据库
命令：mysql -u root -p 回车键
然后输入临时密码（输入时不会显示出来，输入完直接回车）
3、修改mysql密码
命令：alter USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
4、授权远程连接
命令：show databases;
命令：use mysql;
命令：select host, user, authentication_string, plugin from user;
命令：update user set host = "%" where user='root';
命令：select host, user, authentication_string, plugin from user;
命令：flush privileges;
尝试使用navacat远程连接，会出现如下错误
2059 - Authenticationplugin‘caching_sha2_password’ cannot be loaded:XXXXX
解决办法：
命令：mysql -u root -p（回车后，输入更改后的密码123456）
命令：use mysql;
命令：alter USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '123456';
命令：flush privileges;
备注： mysql8 之前的版本中加密规则是mysql_native_password，而在mysql8之后,加密规则是caching_sha2_password。 解决问题方法有两种： 方法1.升级navicat驱动； 方法2.把mysql用户登录密码加密规则还原成mysql_native_password.。 此处我使用的是方法2。
再次从navicat尝试连接mysql，测试成功。
