记一次centos7离线安装mysql8

安装之前需要删除系统自带的mariadb-libs

rpm -qa | grep mariadb-libs

rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64

开始安装mysql
解压安装包

tar -zxvf mysql-8.0.17-1.el8.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

进入解压后的文件顺序执行以下4个命令进行安装：

rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-8.0.17-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.0.17-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-8.0.17-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.0.17-1.el8.x86_64.rpm

查看是否安装成功

rpm -qa|grep mysql

初始化

mysqld --initialize

查看初始化密码

vim /var/log/mysqld.log

找到以下日志：

A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: JU.JWae-a56g

其中JU.JWae-a56g就是root用户的初始登录密码

启动数据库

systemctl start mysqld

这里遇到了一个问题，没有启动成功，如下

Job for mysqld.service failed because the control process exited with error code. See "systemctl status mysqld.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details.

去查看日志vim /var/log/mysqld.log发现报错了

2019-08-24T11:30:09.675185Z 1 [ERROR] [MY-012271] [InnoDB] InnoDB: The innodb_system data file 'ibdata1' must be writable
2019-08-24T11:30:09.695461Z 1 [ERROR] [MY-012278] [InnoDB] InnoDB: The innodb_system data file 'ibdata1' must be writable
2019-08-24T11:30:09.722938Z 1 [ERROR] [MY-010334] [Server] Failed to initialize DD Storage Engine
2019-08-24T11:30:09.723136Z 0 [ERROR] [MY-010020] [Server] Data Dictionary initialization failed.
2019-08-24T11:30:09.723170Z 0 [ERROR] [MY-010119] [Server] Aborting

上网搜了一下，说是权限问题导致数据文件不可写，解决办法：

chown -R mysql /var/lib/mysql

之后重新启动就可以了

登录：mysql -u root -p,密码就是前面的JU.JWae-a56g

修改登录密码：

alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by '123456';

其中，‘123456’就是修改后的root用户的密码
刷新：flush privileges;使修改生效

开放3306端口

firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent
firewall-cmd --reload
firewall-cmd --zone=public --list-ports

显示3306/tcp则说明成功

开放远程连接权限
使用root登录MySQL

CREATE USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
flush privileges;

123456是登录密码；

为用户授权
用root账户登录

grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%';
flush privileges;