ROW_NUMBER() OVER函数的基本用法

语法
ROW_NUMBER ( ) 
    OVER ( [ PARTITION BY value_expression , ... [ n ] ] order_by_clause )
参数
 
  PARTITION BY value_expression 
  

将 FROM 子句生成的结果集划入应用了 ROW_NUMBER 函数的分区。value_expression 指定对结果集进行分区所依据的列。如果未指定 PARTITION BY,则此函数将查询结果集的所有行视为单个组。有关详细信息,请参阅 OVER 子句 (Transact-SQL)

order_by_clause

ORDER BY 子句可确定在特定分区中为行分配唯一 ROW_NUMBER 的顺序。它是必需的。有关详细信息,请参阅 OVER 子句 (Transact-SQL)

返回类型:bigint

*

不保证使用 ROW_NUMBER() 的查询返回的行对于每次执行在顺序上保持完全相同,除非以下条件成立。

  1. 分区列的值是唯一的。

  2. ORDER BY 列的值是唯一的。

  3. 分区列和 ORDER BY 列的值的组合是唯一的。

    A.返回销售人员的行号

    以下示例根据销售人员年初至今的销售额,计算 Adventure Works Cycles 中销售人员的行号。

    USE AdventureWorks2012; 
    GO
    SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER(ORDER BY SalesYTD DESC) AS Row, 
        FirstName, LastName, ROUND(SalesYTD,2,1) AS "Sales YTD" 
    FROM Sales.vSalesPerson
    WHERE TerritoryName IS NOT NULL AND SalesYTD <> 0;
    

    下面是结果集:

    Row FirstName    LastName               SalesYTD
    --- -----------  ---------------------- -----------------
    1   Linda        Mitchell               4251368.54
    2   Jae          Pak                    4116871.22
    3   Michael      Blythe                 3763178.17
    4   Jillian      Carson                 3189418.36
    5   Ranjit       Varkey Chudukatil      3121616.32
    6   José         Saraiva                2604540.71
    7   Shu          Ito                    2458535.61
    8   Tsvi         Reiter                 2315185.61
    9   Rachel       Valdez                 1827066.71
    10  Tete         Mensa-Annan            1576562.19
    11  David        Campbell               1573012.93
    12  Garrett      Vargas                 1453719.46
    13  Lynn         Tsoflias               1421810.92
    14  Pamela       Ansman-Wolfe           1352577.13
    


    B.返回行的子集

    下面的示例按 OrderDate 的顺序计算 SalesOrderHeader 表中所有行的行号,并只返回行 5060(含)。

    USE AdventureWorks2012;
    GO
    WITH OrderedOrders AS
    (
        SELECT SalesOrderID, OrderDate,
        ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY OrderDate) AS RowNumber
        FROM Sales.SalesOrderHeader 
    ) 
    SELECT SalesOrderID, OrderDate, RowNumber  
    FROM OrderedOrders 
    WHERE RowNumber BETWEEN 50 AND 60;
    

    C.将 ROW_NUMBER () 与 PARTITION 一起使用

    以下示例使用 PARTITION BY 参数按列 TerritoryName 对结果集进行分区。OVER 子句中指定的 ORDER BY 子句按列 SalesYTD 对每个分区中的行进行排序。SELECT 语句中的 ORDER BYTerritoryName 子句对整个查询结果集中进行排序。


    USE AdventureWorks2012;
    GO
    SELECT FirstName, LastName, TerritoryName, ROUND(SalesYTD,2,1),
    ROW_NUMBER() OVER(PARTITION BY TerritoryName ORDER BY SalesYTD DESC) AS Row
    FROM Sales.vSalesPerson
    WHERE TerritoryName IS NOT NULL AND SalesYTD <> 0
    ORDER BY TerritoryName;
    
    下面是结果集:

    FirstName  LastName             TerritoryName        SalesYTD      Row
    ---------  -------------------- ------------------   ------------  ---
    Lynn       Tsoflias             Australia            1421810.92    1
    José       Saraiva              Canada               2604540.71    1
    Garrett    Vargas               Canada               1453719.46    2
    Jillian    Carson               Central              3189418.36    1
    Ranjit     Varkey Chudukatil    France               3121616.32    1
    Rachel     Valdez               Germany              1827066.71    1
    Michael    Blythe               Northeast            3763178.17    1
    Tete       Mensa-Annan          Northwest            1576562.19    1
    David      Campbell             Northwest            1573012.93    2
    Pamela     Ansman-Wolfe         Northwest            1352577.13    3
    Tsvi       Reiter               Southeast            2315185.61    1
    Linda      Mitchell             Southwest            4251368.54    1
    Shu        Ito                  Southwest            2458535.61    2
    Jae        Pak                  United Kingdom       4116871.22    1
    

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