针对txt一直没有输出的问题,本文章参考了https://blog.csdn.net/Kiloveyousmile/article/details/76033960解决方案,在此表示感谢
针对一直403的问题构造了了user-agent池,随机生成一个user-agent,大大降低了被反爬的可能。
scrapy startproject BaiduStocks
cd BaiduStocks
scrapy genspider stocks baidu.com
修改stocks.py:
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import scrapy
import re
import random
class StocksSpider(scrapy.Spider):
name = 'stocks'
start_urls = ['http://quote.eastmoney.com/stocklist.html']
user_agent_list = [\
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/22.0.1207.1 Safari/537.1"\
"Mozilla/5.0 (X11; CrOS i686 2268.111.0) AppleWebKit/536.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/20.0.1132.57 Safari/536.11",\
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/536.6 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/20.0.1092.0 Safari/536.6",\
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2) AppleWebKit/536.6 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/20.0.1090.0 Safari/536.6",\
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.77.34.5 Safari/537.1",\
"Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/536.5 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1084.9 Safari/536.5",\
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.0) AppleWebKit/536.5 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1084.36 Safari/536.5",\
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1063.0 Safari/536.3",\
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1063.0 Safari/536.3",\
"Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_8_0) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1063.0 Safari/536.3",\
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1062.0 Safari/536.3",\
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1062.0 Safari/536.3",\
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1061.1 Safari/536.3",\
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1061.1 Safari/536.3",\
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1061.1 Safari/536.3",\
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1061.0 Safari/536.3",\
"Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/535.24 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1055.1 Safari/535.24",\
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2; WOW64) AppleWebKit/535.24 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1055.1 Safari/535.24"
]
def parse(self, response):
ua = random.choice(self.user_agent_list)#随机抽取User-Agent
headers = {
'Accept-Encoding':'gzip, deflate, sdch, br',
'Accept-Language':'zh-CN,zh;q=0.8',
'Connection':'keep-alive',
'Referer':'https://gupiao.baidu.com/',
'User-Agent':ua
}#构造请求头
for href in response.css('a::attr(href)').extract():
try:
stock=re.findall(r"[s][hz]\d{6}",href)[0]
url='https://gupiao.baidu.com/stock/'+stock+'.html'
yield scrapy.Request(url,callback=self.parse_stock,headers=headers)
except:
continue
def parse_stock(self,response):
infoDict={}
stockInfo=response.css('.stock-bets')
name=stockInfo.css('.bets-name').extract()[0]
keyList=stockInfo.css('dt').extract()
valueList=stockInfo.css('dd').extract()
for i in range(len(keyList)):
key=re.findall(r'>.*',keyList[i])[0][1:-5]
try:
val=re.findall(r'\d+\.?.*',valueList[i])[0][0:-5]
except:
val='--'
infoDict[key]=val
infoDict.update(
{'股票名称':re.findall(r'\s.*\(',name)[0].split()[0]+\
re.findall(r'\>.*\<',name)[0][1:-1]})
yield infoDict
修改pipeline.py:
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# Define your item pipelines here
#
# Don't forget to add your pipeline to the ITEM_PIPELINES setting
# See: https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html
class BaidustocksPipeline(object):
def process_item(self, item, spider):
return item
class BaidustocksInfoPipeline(object):
def open_spider(self, spider):
self.f = open('BaiduStockInfo.txt', 'w')
def close_spider(self, spider):
self.f.close()
def process_item(self, item, spider):
try:
line = str(dict(item)) + '\n'
self.f.write(line)
except:
pass
return item
修改settings.py,修改前:
# Configure item pipelines
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html
#ITEM_PIPELINES = {
# 'BaiduStocks.pipelines.BaidustocksInfoPipeline': 300,
#}
修改后(注意:一定要把ITEM_PIPELINES所在的三个“#”全部删掉,不然pipelines就不能亮剑了):
# Configure item pipelines
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html
ITEM_PIPELINES = {
'BaiduStocks.pipelines.BaidustocksInfoPipeline': 300,
}
最后,scrapy crawl stocks即可,效果: