基于Zabbix api二次封装开发_获取数据和页面展示
对初学者准备写一个基于zabbix api二次封装和页面呈现很多困惑，不知道如何选择开发语言，如PHP、C#、Java、Python、shell等，也不知道如何下手。
其实这些都没有必要太过于纠结，我的答案是选择什么语言都行，你自身熟悉那门语言就选择那门语言开发。
至于如何进行zabbix api二次封装和页面呈现，大体是按照这个顺序调用zabbix api请求就可以，如下：
密钥——>主机组——>主机——>监控项——>监控项的数据
具体流程以及获取的数据。
1、 获得认证密钥
2、 获取zabbix所有的主机组
3、 获取单个组下的所有主机
4、 获取某个主机下的所有监控项
5、 获取某个监控项的历史数据
6、 获取某个监控项的最新数据环境搭建
安装zabbix服务器一台（安装很简单，推荐官网：https://www.zabbix.com/download?zabbix=4.0&os_distribution=centos&os_version=7&db=postgresql&ws=apache，如果安装有问题百度，学会主动学习，必须亲身尝试安装下对后面开发很有帮助，不要怕折腾，折腾越久后面开发学起来越容易，哈哈......）
搭建的zabbix服务网站地址：
http://ip地址/zabbix/zabbix.php?action=dashboard.view
参考文档
我们梳理比较重要的文档，如下：
zabbix api中文接口：https://www.zabbix.com/documentation/4.0/zh/manual/api
zabbix api英文接口：https://www.zabbix.com/documentation/4.0/manual/api
zabbixAPI获取历史监控数据
https://blog.csdn.net/xiaolong_4_2/article/details/80892370
Zabbix常用item汇总及说明
https://blog.csdn.net/u012469528/article/details/80897500
Zabbix常用item汇总及说明（参考）
https://blog.csdn.net/u012469528/article/details/80896264
开发步骤
具体流程以及获取的数据步骤，如下：
1、 获得认证密钥（后面所有步骤的前提）
api文档地址：https://www.zabbix.com/documentation/4.0/manual/api/reference/user/login
主要获取密钥（其实就是一个sessionid值，其它zabbix api请求都需要带上这个sessionid值）
Request:
{
"jsonrpc": "2.0",
"method": "user.login",
"params": {
"user": "Admin",
"password": "zabbix"
},
"id": 1
}
Response:
{
"jsonrpc": "2.0",
"result": "0424bd59b807674191e7d77572075f33",
"id": 1
}
2、 获取zabbix所有的主机组（若存在分组，获取分组内的主机的前提，测试基本使用不到）
api文档地址：https://www.zabbix.com/documentation/4.0/manual/api/reference/hostgroup/get
主要获取主机组id
Request:
{
"jsonrpc": "2.0",
"method": "hostgroup.get",
"params": {
"output": "extend",
"filter": {
"name": [
"Zabbix servers",
"Linux servers"
]
}
},
"auth": "6f38cddc44cfbb6c1bd186f9a220b5a0",
"id": 1
}
Response:
{
"jsonrpc": "2.0",
"result": [
{
"groupid": "2",
"name": "Linux servers",
"internal": "0"
},
{
"groupid": "4",
"name": "Zabbix servers",
"internal": "0"
}
],
"id": 1
}
3、 获取单个组下的所有主机（获取item的前提，正式环境：遍历组获取所有主机）
api文档地址：https://www.zabbix.com/documentation/4.0/manual/api/reference/host/get
主要获取主机id
Request:
{
"jsonrpc": "2.0",
"method": "host.get",
"params": {
"output": ["hostid"],
"selectParentTemplates": [
"templateid",
"name"
],
"hostids": "10084"
},
"id": 1,
"auth": "70785d2b494a7302309b48afcdb3a401"
}
Response:
{
"jsonrpc": "2.0",
"result": [
{
"hostid": "10084",
"parentTemplates": [
{
"name": "Template OS Linux",
"templateid": "10001"
},
{
"name": "Template App Zabbix Server",
"templateid": "10047"
}
]
}
],
"id": 1
}
4、 获取某个主机下的所有监控项（取具体监测数据的前提，正式环境：遍历组某个下的所有主机的所有监控项）
api文档地址：https://www.zabbix.com/documentation/4.0/manual/api/reference/item/get
主要获取监控项id
Request:
{
"jsonrpc": "2.0",
"method": "item.get",
"params": {
"output": "extend",
"hostids": "10084",
"search": {
"key_": "system"
},
"sortfield": "name"
},
"auth": "038e1d7b1735c6a5436ee9eae095879e",
"id": 1
}
Response:
{
"jsonrpc": "2.0",
"result": [
{
"itemid": "23298",
"type": "0",
"snmp_community": "",
"snmp_oid": "",
"hostid": "10084",
"name": "Context switches per second",
"key_": "system.cpu.switches",
"delay": "1m",
"history": "7d",
"trends": "365d",
"lastvalue": "2552",
"lastclock": "1351090998",
"prevvalue": "2641",
"state": "0",
"status": "0",
"value_type": "3",
"trapper_hosts": "",
"units": "sps",
"snmpv3_securityname": "",
"snmpv3_securitylevel": "0",
"snmpv3_authpassphrase": "",
"snmpv3_privpassphrase": "",
"snmpv3_authprotocol": "0",
"snmpv3_privprotocol": "0",
"snmpv3_contextname": "",
"error": "",
"lastlogsize": "0",
"logtimefmt": "",
"templateid": "22680",
"valuemapid": "0",
"params": "",
"ipmi_sensor": "",
"authtype": "0",
"username": "",
"password": "",
"publickey": "",
"privatekey": "",
"mtime": "0",
"lastns": "564054253",
"flags": "0",
"interfaceid": "1",
"port": "",
"description": "",
"inventory_link": "0",
"lifetime": "0s",
"evaltype": "0",
"jmx_endpoint": "",
"master_itemid": "0",
"timeout": "3s",
"url": "",
"query_fields": [],
"posts": "",
"status_codes": "200",
"follow_redirects": "1",
"post_type": "0",
"http_proxy": "",
"headers": [],
"retrieve_mode": "0",
"request_method": "0",
"output_format": "0",
"ssl_cert_file": "",
"ssl_key_file": "",
"ssl_key_password": "",
"verify_peer": "0",
"verify_host": "0",
"allow_traps": "0"
},
{
"itemid": "23299",
"type": "0",
"snmp_community": "",
"snmp_oid": "",
"hostid": "10084",
"name": "CPU $2 time",
"key_": "system.cpu.util[,idle]",
"delay": "1m",
"history": "7d",
"trends": "365d",
"lastvalue": "86.031879",
"lastclock": "1351090999",
"prevvalue": "85.306944",
"state": "0",
"status": "0",
"value_type": "0",
"trapper_hosts": "",
"units": "%",
"snmpv3_securityname": "",
"snmpv3_securitylevel": "0",
"snmpv3_authpassphrase": "",
"snmpv3_privpassphrase": "",
"snmpv3_authprotocol": "0",
"snmpv3_privprotocol": "0",
"snmpv3_contextname": "",
"error": "",
"lastlogsize": "0",
"logtimefmt": "",
"templateid": "17354",
"valuemapid": "0",
"params": "",
"ipmi_sensor": "",
"authtype": "0",
"username": "",
"password": "",
"publickey": "",
"privatekey": "",
"mtime": "0",
"lastns": "564256864",
"flags": "0",
"interfaceid": "1",
"port": "",
"description": "The time the CPU has spent doing nothing.",
"inventory_link": "0",
"lifetime": "0s",
"evaltype": "0",
"jmx_endpoint": "",
"master_itemid": "0",
"timeout": "3s",
"url": "",
"query_fields": [],
"posts": "",
"status_codes": "200",
"follow_redirects": "1",
"post_type": "0",
"http_proxy": "",
"headers": [],
"retrieve_mode": "0",
"request_method": "0",
"output_format": "0",
"ssl_cert_file": "",
"ssl_key_file": "",
"ssl_key_password": "",
"verify_peer": "0",
"verify_host": "0",
"allow_traps": "0"
},
{
"itemid": "23300",
"type": "0",
"snmp_community": "",
"snmp_oid": "",
"hostid": "10084",
"name": "CPU $2 time",
"key_": "system.cpu.util[,interrupt]",
"history": "7d",
"trends": "365d",
"lastvalue": "0.008389",
"lastclock": "1351091000",
"prevvalue": "0.000000",
"state": "0",
"status": "0",
"value_type": "0",
"trapper_hosts": "",
"units": "%",
"snmpv3_securityname": "",
"snmpv3_securitylevel": "0",
"snmpv3_authpassphrase": "",
"snmpv3_privpassphrase": "",
"snmpv3_authprotocol": "0",
"snmpv3_privprotocol": "0",
"snmpv3_contextname": "",
"error": "",
"lastlogsize": "0",
"logtimefmt": "",
"templateid": "22671",
"valuemapid": "0",
"params": "",
"ipmi_sensor": "",
"authtype": "0",
"username": "",
"password": "",
"publickey": "",
"privatekey": "",
"mtime": "0",
"lastns": "564661387",
"flags": "0",
"interfaceid": "1",
"port": "",
"description": "The amount of time the CPU has been servicing hardware interrupts.",
"inventory_link": "0",
"lifetime": "0s",
"evaltype": "0",
"jmx_endpoint": "",
"master_itemid": "0",
"timeout": "3s",
"url": "",
"query_fields": [],
"posts": "",
"status_codes": "200",
"follow_redirects": "1",
"post_type": "0",
"http_proxy": "",
"headers": [],
"retrieve_mode": "0",
"request_method": "0",
"output_format": "0",
"ssl_cert_file": "",
"ssl_key_file": "",
"ssl_key_password": "",
"verify_peer": "0",
"verify_host": "0",
"allow_traps": "0"
}
],
"id": 1
}
Finding dependent items by key
Retrieve all dependent items from host with ID “10116” that have the word “apache” in the key.
Request:
{
"jsonrpc": "2.0",
"method": "item.get",
"params": {
"output": "extend",
"hostids": "10116",
"search": {
"key_": "apache"
},
"filter": {
"type": "18"
}
},
"auth": "038e1d7b1735c6a5436ee9eae095879e",
"id": 1
}
Response:
{
"jsonrpc": "2.0",
"result": [
{
"itemid": "25550",
"type": "18",
"snmp_community": "",
"snmp_oid": "",
"hostid": "10116",
"name": "Days",
"key_": "apache.status.uptime.days",
"delay": "",
"history": "90d",
"trends": "365d",
"status": "0",
"value_type": "3",
"trapper_hosts": "",
"units": "",
"snmpv3_securityname": "",
"snmpv3_securitylevel": "0",
"snmpv3_authpassphrase": "",
"snmpv3_privpassphrase": "",
"formula": "",
"error": "",
"lastlogsize": "0",
"logtimefmt": "",
"templateid": "0",
"valuemapid": "0",
"params": "",
"ipmi_sensor": "",
"authtype": "0",
"username": "",
"password": "",
"publickey": "",
"privatekey": "",
"mtime": "0",
"flags": "0",
"interfaceid": "0",
"port": "",
"description": "",
"inventory_link": "0",
"lifetime": "30d",
"snmpv3_authprotocol": "0",
"snmpv3_privprotocol": "0",
"state": "0",
"snmpv3_contextname": "",
"evaltype": "0",
"master_itemid": "25545",
"jmx_endpoint": "",
"timeout": "3s",
"url": "",
"query_fields": [],
"posts": "",
"status_codes": "200",
"follow_redirects": "1",
"post_type": "0",
"http_proxy": "",
"headers": [],
"retrieve_mode": "0",
"request_method": "0",
"output_format": "0",
"ssl_cert_file": "",
"ssl_key_file": "",
"ssl_key_password": "",
"verify_peer": "0",
"verify_host": "0",
"allow_traps": "0",
"lastclock": "0",
"lastns": "0",
"lastvalue": "0",
"prevvalue": "0"
},
{
"itemid": "25555",
"type": "18",
"snmp_community": "",
"snmp_oid": "",
"hostid": "10116",
"name": "Hours",
"key_": "apache.status.uptime.hours",
"delay": "0",
"history": "90d",
"trends": "365d",
"status": "0",
"value_type": "3",
"trapper_hosts": "",
"units": "",
"snmpv3_securityname": "",
"snmpv3_securitylevel": "0",
"snmpv3_authpassphrase": "",
"snmpv3_privpassphrase": "",
"formula": "",
"error": "",
"lastlogsize": "0",
"logtimefmt": "",
"templateid": "0",
"valuemapid": "0",
"params": "",
"ipmi_sensor": "",
"authtype": "0",
"username": "",
"password": "",
"publickey": "",
"privatekey": "",
"mtime": "0",
"flags": "0",
"interfaceid": "0",
"port": "",
"description": "",
"inventory_link": "0",
"lifetime": "30d",
"snmpv3_authprotocol": "0",
"snmpv3_privprotocol": "0",
"state": "0",
"snmpv3_contextname": "",
"evaltype": "0",
"master_itemid": "25545",
"jmx_endpoint": "",
"timeout": "3s",
"url": "",
"query_fields": [],
"posts": "",
"status_codes": "200",
"follow_redirects": "1",
"post_type": "0",
"http_proxy": "",
"headers": [],
"retrieve_mode": "0",
"request_method": "0",
"output_format": "0",
"ssl_cert_file": "",
"ssl_key_file": "",
"ssl_key_password": "",
"verify_peer": "0",
"verify_host": "0",
"allow_traps": "0",
"lastclock": "0",
"lastns": "0",
"lastvalue": "0",
"prevvalue": "0"
}
],
"id": 1
}
5、 获取某个监控项的历史数据
api文档地址：https://www.zabbix.com/documentation/4.0/manual/api/reference/history/get
history.get方法获取单个监控项数据条数限制，limit参数控制就可。zabbix api查询历史数据不支持分页。
Request:
{
"jsonrpc": "2.0",
"method": "history.get",
"params": {
"output": "extend",
"history": 0,
"itemids": "23296",
"sortfield": "clock",
"sortorder": "DESC",
"limit": 10
},
"auth": "038e1d7b1735c6a5436ee9eae095879e",
"id": 1
}
Response:
{
"jsonrpc": "2.0",
"result": [
{
"itemid": "23296",
"clock": "1351090996",
"value": "0.0850",
"ns": "563157632"
},
{
"itemid": "23296",
"clock": "1351090936",
"value": "0.1600",
"ns": "549216402"
},
{
"itemid": "23296",
"clock": "1351090876",
"value": "0.1800",
"ns": "537418114"
},
{
"itemid": "23296",
"clock": "1351090816",
"value": "0.2100",
"ns": "522659528"
},
{
"itemid": "23296",
"clock": "1351090756",
"value": "0.2150",
"ns": "507809457"
},
{
"itemid": "23296",
"clock": "1351090696",
"value": "0.2550",
"ns": "495509699"
},
{
"itemid": "23296",
"clock": "1351090636",
"value": "0.3600",
"ns": "477708209"
},
{
"itemid": "23296",
"clock": "1351090576",
"value": "0.3750",
"ns": "463251343"
},
{
"itemid": "23296",
"clock": "1351090516",
"value": "0.3150",
"ns": "447947017"
},
{
"itemid": "23296",
"clock": "1351090456",
"value": "0.2750",
"ns": "435307141"
}
],
"id": 1
}
6、 获取某个监控项的最新数据
api文档地址：https://www.zabbix.com/documentation/4.0/manual/api/reference/history/get
history.get方法获取单个监控项最后的值只需把上个脚本中或curl中的limit参数改为1就可。
Request:
{
"jsonrpc": "2.0",
"method": "history.get",
"params": {
"output": "extend",
"history": 0,
"itemids": "23296",
"sortfield": "clock",
"sortorder": "DESC",
"limit": 1
},
"auth": "038e1d7b1735c6a5436ee9eae095879e",
"id": 1
}
Response:
{
"jsonrpc": "2.0",
"result": [
{
"itemid": "23296",
"clock": "1351090996",
"value": "0.0850",
"ns": "563157632"
}
],
"id": 1
}