154周

本周（第154周）周任务英译汉节选自双语阅读《人性化的数字助手有可能让人羞于求助》；汉译英节选自《中国的北极政策》白皮书。二笔三笔周任务材料相同，二笔限时一小时，三笔限时一个半小时。请独立完成，注意把握训练时间，允许查阅字典。

1.英译汉（383）

Developing an emotional relationship with a piece of software can, however, cut both ways. As a study published in Psychological Science by Park Daeun, of Chungbuk National University in South Korea, and her colleagues, shows, one emotion sometimes involved in machine-human interaction is embarrassment. This, Dr Park has discovered, makes some users reluctant to ask for help from their artificially intelligent pals. Apparently, they are sheepish about doing so.

Dr Park and her team recruited 187 participants into their study. To start with each was presented with a series of statements on the malleability of intelligence. These included, “you have a certain amount of intelligence, and you can’t really do much to change it”, and “you can always substantially change how intelligent you are”. Participants rated their responses to these statements on a six-point scale, on which one meant “strongly disagree” and six meant “strongly agree”. The reason for this initial test was that Dr Park knew from previous work that, in academic settings, those who believe intelligence to be malleable are comfortable asking for assistance while those who believe it to be fixed often feel ashamed to do so.

The initial test done, the researchers presented their volunteers with a second, which involved looking at 16 sets of three words and trying to think of a fourth word that linked them. For example, when offered “room, blood, salts” a correct answer would be “bath”. Sometimes the first three words were accompanied by an unrequested hint (in the example given, this was “tub”). Sometimes they were not.

Hints appeared as the written form of the word in question, accompanied by a computer-shaped icon. For half of participants this icon had a humanlike face, and the hint was placed inside a speech bubble originating from that face, thus anthropomorphising the presentation to some degree. For the other half the icon lacked a face and there was no speech bubble. After the final set of words had been displayed, participants were asked to agree or disagree with follow-up statements about their experience, such as “it was embarrassing to receive help during the task”, and “others might think I am incompetent because I received help during the task”. This time, they quantified their feelings on a seven-point scale, with higher scores representing greater feelings of unease.

2．汉译英（365）

同时，中国与北极的跨区域和全球性问题息息相关，特别是北极的气候变化、环境、科研、航道利用、资源勘探与开发、安全、国际治理等问题，关系到世界各国和人类的共同生存与发展，与包括中国在内的北极域外国家的利益密不可分。中国在北冰洋公海、国际海底区域等海域和特定区域享有《联合国海洋法公约》《斯匹次卑尔根群岛条约》等国际条约和一般国际法所规定的科研、航行、飞越、捕鱼、铺设海底电缆和管道、资源勘探与开发等自由或权利。中国是联合国安理会常任理事国，肩负着共同维护北极和平与安全的重要使命。中国是世界贸易大国和能源消费大国，北极的航道和资源开发利用可能对中国的能源战略和经济发展产生巨大影响。中国的资金、技术、市场、知识和经验在拓展北极航道网络和促进航道沿岸国经济社会发展方面可望发挥重要作用。中国在北极与北极国家利益相融合，与世界各国休戚与共。