java实现 HTTP/HTTPS请求绕过证书检测代码实现

1、开发需求

 需要实现在服务端发起HTTP／HTTPS请求，访问其他程序资源。

2、URLConnection和HTTPClient的比较

  HttpClient是个很不错的开源框架，封装了访问http的请求头，参数，内容体，响应等等，
  DefaultHttpClient和它的兄弟AndroidHttpClient都是HttpClient具体的实现类，它们都拥有众多的API，而且实现比较稳定，bug数量也很少。

3、使用Apache的HttpClient发送GET和POST请求

1. 使用帮助类HttpClients创建CloseableHttpClient对象.
2. 基于要发送的HTTP请求类型创建HttpGet或者HttpPost实例.
3. 使用addHeader方法添加请求头部,诸如User-Agent, Accept-Encoding等参数.
4. 对于POST请求,创建NameValuePair列表,并添加所有的表单参数.然后把它填充进HttpPost实体.
5. 通过执行此HttpGet或者HttpPost请求获取CloseableHttpResponse实例
6. 从此CloseableHttpResponse实例中获取状态码,错误信息,以及响应页面等等.
7. 最后关闭HttpClient资源.

4、SSL与TLS的区别以及介绍

SSL
    SSL是Netscape公司所提出的安全保密协议，在浏览器（如Internet Explorer、Netscape Navigator）和Web服务器（如Netscape的Netscape Enterprise Server、ColdFusion Server等等）之间构造安全通道来进行数据传输，SSL运行在TCP/IP层之上、应用层之下，为应用程序提供加密数据通道，它采用了RC4、MD5以及RSA等加密算法，使用40 位的密钥，适用于商业信息的加密。
    同时，Netscape公司相应开发了HTTPS协议并内置于其浏览器中。
    HTTPS实际上就是HTTP over SSL，它使用默认端口443，而不是像HTTP那样使用端口80来和TCP/IP进行通信。
    HTTPS协议使用SSL在发送方把原始数据进行加密，然后在接受方进行解密，加密和解密需要发送方和接受方通过交换共知的密钥来实现，因此，所传送的数据不容易被网络黑客截获和解密。 然而，加密和解密过程需要耗费系统大量的开销，严重降低机器的性能，相关测试数据表明使用HTTPS协议传输数据的工作效率只有使用HTTP协议传输的十分之一。假如为了安全保密，将一个网站所有的Web应用都启用SSL技术来加密，并使用HTTPS协议进行传输，那么该网站的性能和效率将会大大降低，而且没有这个必要，因为一般来说并不是所有数据都要求那么高的安全保密级别。

TLS
   安全传输层协议
　　TLS：Transport Layer Security
　　安全传输层协议（TLS）用于在两个通信应用程序之间提供保密性和数据完整性。该协议由两层组成： TLS 记录协议（TLS Record）和 TLS 握手协议（TLS Handshake）。较低的层为 TLS 记录协议，位于某个可靠的传输协议（例如 TCP）上面。

5、 post请求封装的工具类

import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.net.URLDecoder;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.security.KeyManagementException;
import java.security.KeyStoreException;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.cert.CertificateException;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Map.Entry;


import com.sun.corba.se.impl.orbutil.threadpool.TimeoutException;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.util.TimeoutController;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLConnectionSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import cn.qtone.hjy.service.bean.yd.sync.AccountPasswordInfoSyncItem;
import cn.qtone.hjy.service.bean.yd.sync.OrderInfoSyncItem;
import cn.qtone.hjy.service.bean.yd.sync.YdOrderRelationshipInfoSyncItem;
import cn.qtone.hjy.service.core.DES;
import cn.qtone.hjy.service.dao.YdEduDao;
import cn.qtone.util.SpringUtil;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager;
import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager;


public class HttpClientUtil {

    static Logger log = Logger.getLogger(HttpClientUtil.class) ;

    private static  RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setSocketTimeout(10000).setConnectTimeout(10000).build();//设置请求和传输超时时间

    private static CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();

    public static String send(String httpUrl, String message) throws IOException {
        String result = null ;
        HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(httpUrl);
        //设置数据读取超时5s   传输超时5s    链接请求超时5s
        RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom()
                    .setSocketTimeout(5000)
                    .setConnectTimeout(5000)
                    .setConnectionRequestTimeout(5000)
                    .build();        
        httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig) ;
        message = URLEncoder.encode(message, "UTF-8") ;
        StringEntity entity = new StringEntity(message);
        httpPost.setEntity(entity);
        CloseableHttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httpPost);
        BufferedReader in = null ;
        try {
            InputStream content = response.getEntity().getContent() ;
            in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(content));
            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
            String line = "" ;
            while ((line = in.readLine()) != null) {
                sb.append(line);
            }
            result = sb.toString() ;
            System.out.println("接收原始报文：" + URLDecoder.decode(result, "UTF-8")) ;
        } finally {
            EntityUtils.consume(response.getEntity());
            response.close();
        }
        return result ;
    }

    public static String post(String httpUrl, String message) throws Exception {
        String result = null ;
        CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();
        BufferedReader in = null ;
        HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(httpUrl);
        httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig);
        List  nvps = new ArrayList ();
        nvps.add(new BasicNameValuePair("tokenId", DES.encrypt(message)));
        httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nvps));
        try {
            System.out.println("发送报文：" + message);
            System.out.println("发送报文：" + DES.encrypt(message)) ;
            CloseableHttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httpPost);
            InputStream content = response.getEntity().getContent() ;
            in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(content, "UTF-8"));
            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
            String line = "" ;
            while ((line = in.readLine()) != null) {
                sb.append(line);
            }
            System.out.println("响应报文：" + sb.toString()) ;
            //result = URLDecoder.decode(sb.toString(), "UTF-8") ;
            //result = DES.decrypt(result) ;
            //System.out.println("完成：" + JSONObject.parseObject(result) + "\n");
            return result ;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace() ;
        } finally {
            httpclient.close();
        }
        return null ;
    }

    /**
     * 发起post请求，请求参数以Map集合形式传入，封装到List  发起post请求
     * @param httpUrl
     * @param params
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static String post(String httpUrl, Map params) throws Exception {
        String result = null ;
        CloseableHttpClient httpclient = createSSLClientDefault();
        //httpclient.
        //httpclient.
        BufferedReader in = null ;
        HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(httpUrl);
        httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig);
        List  nvps = new ArrayList ();
        StringBuffer paramsBuf = new StringBuffer() ;
        for(Entry e : params.entrySet()) {
            nvps.add(new BasicNameValuePair(e.getKey(), e.getValue()));
            paramsBuf.append("&").append(e.getKey()).append("=").append(e.getValue()) ;
        }
        httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nvps, "UTF-8"));
        try {
//          报文参数27：&id=jn-3-767744&groupPlatProTerminalId=119667&extend=uwJZ8j3CkpGPL4rM5J6KJhjR99O7yAe3BAGLS8ooI8ijNqKHfzTaK6W9wQvjZEVOmWJ3HxFb2O9D
//          wDbe3++UiQ==&xxtCode=370000&terminalType=1&role=3&type=3
            System.out.println("post请求报文地址：" + httpUrl+"?"+paramsBuf.toString()) ;
            CloseableHttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httpPost);
            InputStream content = response.getEntity().getContent() ;
            in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(content, "UTF-8"));
//          in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(content, "GBK"));
//          in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(content));
            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
            String line = "" ;
            while ((line = in.readLine()) != null) {
                sb.append(line);
            }
            result = sb.toString() ;
            System.out.println("响应报文：" + result) ;
            //  响应报文：{"ret":0,"msg":"成功","callbackurl":"https://edu.10086.cn/test-sso/login?service=http%3A%2F%2F112.35.7.169%3A9010%2Feducloud%2Flogin%2Flogin%3Ftype%3D3%26mode%3D1%26groupId%3D4000573%26provincePlatformId%3D54","accesstoken":"2467946a-bee9-4d8c-8cce-d30181073b75"}Í
            //记录报文日志
            YdEduDao dao = SpringUtil.getBean(YdEduDao.class);
            dao.saveCallLog(httpUrl, paramsBuf.toString(), result);    // HJY_SERVICE_LOG

            return result ;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace() ;
        } finally {
            httpclient.close();
        }
        return null ;
    }

    public static JSONObject postData(String httpUrl, Object obj) throws Exception {
        JSONObject json = null;
        try{
        String result = post(httpUrl,obj);
             json = JSONObject.parseObject(result);
        }catch(TimeoutException e){
            System.out.println("请求超时了："+httpUrl);
            throw e;
        }finally {
            return json ;
        }
    }

    public static String post(String httpUrl, Object obj) throws Exception {
        Map  params = getParamData(obj);
        String result = null ;

        try {
            result = post(httpUrl,params);
            return result ;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace() ;
        } finally {
            httpclient.close();
        }
        return null ;
    }


    private static Map  getParamData(Object obj) {

        Class cla = obj.getClass();
        Map map = new HashMap();
        Method[] methods = cla.getDeclaredMethods();
        try {
            for (Method m : methods) {
                String mname = m.getName();
                if (mname.startsWith("get")) {
                    String name = mname.substring(3, mname.length());// 截取字段
                    name = name.substring(0, 1).toLowerCase()
                            + name.substring(1, name.length());// 把首字母变小写
                    String value = m.invoke(obj)==null?"":m.invoke(obj).toString();
                    if(cla.equals(YdOrderRelationshipInfoSyncItem.class)&&name.equals("unionId")&&(value==null||value.equals(""))){
                        continue;
                    }
                    map.put(name,value);// 取值
                }

            }
            Class superclass = cla.getSuperclass();
            while (!superclass.equals(Object.class)) {
                Method[] superclassmethods = superclass.getDeclaredMethods();
                for (Method m : superclassmethods) {
                    String mname = m.getName();
                    if (mname.startsWith("get")) {
                        String name = mname.substring(3, mname.length());// 截取字段
                        name = name.substring(0, 1).toLowerCase()
                                + name.substring(1, name.length());// 把首字母变小写
                        String value = m.invoke(obj)==null?"":m.invoke(obj).toString();

                        if((cla.equals(OrderInfoSyncItem.class)||cla.equals(AccountPasswordInfoSyncItem.class)||cla.equals(YdOrderRelationshipInfoSyncItem.class))&&name.equals("operation"))
                            continue;

                        map.put(name,value);// 取值
                    }

                }
                superclass = superclass.getSuperclass();

            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        return map;
    }

    public static CloseableHttpClient createSSLClientDefault(){

        try {
            //SSLContext sslContext = new SSLContextBuilder().loadTrustMaterial(null, new TrustStrategy() {
            // 在JSSE中，证书信任管理器类就是实现了接口X509TrustManager的类。我们可以自己实现该接口，让它信任我们指定的证书。
            // 创建SSLContext对象，并使用我们指定的信任管理器初始化
            //信任所有
                X509TrustManager x509mgr = new X509TrustManager() {

                    //　　该方法检查客户端的证书，若不信任该证书则抛出异常
                    public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] xcs, String string) {
                    }
                    // 　　该方法检查服务端的证书，若不信任该证书则抛出异常
                    public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] xcs, String string) {
                    }
                    // 　返回受信任的X509证书数组。
                    public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
                        return null;
                    }
                };
                SSLContext sslContext = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
                sslContext.init(null, new TrustManager[] { x509mgr }, null);
                创建HttpsURLConnection对象，并设置其SSLSocketFactory对象
                SSLConnectionSocketFactory sslsf = new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(sslContext, SSLConnectionSocketFactory.ALLOW_ALL_HOSTNAME_VERIFIER);

            //  HttpsURLConnection对象就可以正常连接HTTPS了，无论其证书是否经权威机构的验证，只要实现了接口X509TrustManager的类MyX509TrustManager信任该证书。
            return HttpClients.custom().setSSLSocketFactory(sslsf).build();


        } catch (KeyManagementException e) {

            e.printStackTrace();

        } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {

            e.printStackTrace();

        } catch (Exception e) {

            e.printStackTrace();

        }

        // 创建默认的httpClient实例.
        return  HttpClients.createDefault();

    }



}

另外，在针对http进行升级时，在HTTPS的证书未经权威机构认证的情况下，访问HTTPS站点的两种方法，一种方法是把该证书导入到Java的TrustStore文件中，另一种是自己实现并覆盖JSSE缺省的证书信任管理器类。两种方法各有优缺点，第一种方法不会影响JSSE的安全性，但需要手工导入证书；第二种方法虽然不用手工导入证书，但需要小心使用，否则会带来一些安全隐患。