GRPC是google开源的一个高性能、跨语言的RPC框架,基于HTTP2协议,基于protobuf 3.x,支持多种开发语言。
对于开发者而言:
1)需要使用protobuf定义接口,即.proto文件
2)然后使用compile工具生成特定语言的执行代码,比如JAVA、C/C++、Python等。类似于thrift,为了解决跨语言问题。
3)启动一个Server端,server端通过侦听指定的port,来等待Client链接请求。
本文以golang和php为例展开教程,使用golang做rpc server,php做rpc client,实现跨语言调用。
golang的rpc包,作为golang rpc server需要这个包
go get google.golang.org/grpc
下载地址: http://pecl.php.net/package/gRPC
安装过程:
phpize
./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config
make
make install
# 添加grpc.so到php.ini配置
vim /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
extension = "grpc.so"
php -m | grep "grpc"
grpc
命令行下将proto协议文件转换为多种语言对应格式的工具
下载地址:https://github.com/google/protobuf
安装
./configure
make
make install
protoc --help
Usage: protoc [OPTION] PROTO_FILES
Parse PROTO_FILES and generate output based on the options given:
...
go get google.golang.org/grpc/examples/helloworld
#将会编译好greeter_server和greeter_client
greeter_server
#greeter_server启动后挂起...
在另一个命令行运行:
greeter_client "this is my message"
2017/08/30 21:55:25 Greeting: Hello this is my message
syntax = "proto3";
option java_multiple_files = true;
option java_package = "io.grpc.examples.helloworld";
option java_outer_classname = "HelloWorldProto";
package helloworld;
// The greeting service definition.
service Greeter {
// Sends a greeting
rpc SayHello (HelloRequest) returns (HelloReply) {}
}
// The request message containing the user's name.
message HelloRequest {
string name = 1;
}
// The response message containing the greetings
message HelloReply {
string message = 1;
}
通过protoc将helloworld.proto转换生成对应的go文件:
protoc --go_out=plugins=grpc:. helloworld.proto
得到helloworld.pb.go,不用编辑这个文件
这个文件属于package helloworld,你要适当放好他所在目录。
手动编辑greeter_server.go:
package main
import (
"log"
"net"
"golang.org/x/net/context"
"google.golang.org/grpc"
pb "/helloworld"
"google.golang.org/grpc/reflection"
)
const (
port = ":50051"
)
// server is used to implement helloworld.GreeterServer.
type server struct{}
// SayHello implements helloworld.GreeterServer
func (s *server) SayHello(ctx context.Context, in *pb.HelloRequest) (*pb.HelloReply, error) {
return &pb.HelloReply{Message: "Hello " + in.Name}, nil
}
func main() {
lis, err := net.Listen("tcp", port)
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf("failed to listen: %v", err)
}
s := grpc.NewServer()
pb.RegisterGreeterServer(s, &server{})
// Register reflection service on gRPC server.
reflection.Register(s)
if err := s.Serve(lis); err != nil {
log.Fatalf("failed to serve: %v", err)
}
}
手动编辑greeter_client.go:
package main
import (
"log"
"os"
"golang.org/x/net/context"
"google.golang.org/grpc"
pb "google.golang.org/grpc/examples/helloworld/helloworld"
)
const (
address = "localhost:50051"
defaultName = "world"
)
func main() {
// Set up a connection to the server.
conn, err := grpc.Dial(address, grpc.WithInsecure())
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf("did not connect: %v", err)
}
defer conn.Close()
c := pb.NewGreeterClient(conn)
// Contact the server and print out its response.
name := defaultName
if len(os.Args) > 1 {
name = os.Args[1]
}
r, err := c.SayHello(context.Background(), &pb.HelloRequest{Name: name})
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf("could not greet: %v", err)
}
log.Printf("Greeting: %s", r.Message)
}
编译运行:
go build greeter_server.go && ./greeter_server &
go build greeter_client.go && ./greeter_client "Message from My Build"
2017/08/30 22:04:56 Greeting: Hello Message from My Build
参考 github.com/grpc/grpc/example/php
将此目录clone下来
git clone github.com/grpc/grpc.git
git submodule update --init
#如果只用php grpc client,此处不用make和make install
#make
#make install
#为了生成grpc client stub code,最好make grpc_php_plugin
make grpc_php_plugin
cd grpc/example/php
curl -sS https://getcomposer.org/installer | php
php composer.phar install
composer安装后会生成vendor和autoload.php文件,可自行选择添加到自己的项目中。
helloword.pb.php文件可以由protoc自定义生成:
protoc --php_out=./ helloworld.proto
上面的方法只生成所有的proto对应的类,不生成实现grpc接口的stub client类。
使用下面的方法生成:参考grpc官方
protoc --proto_path=./ --php_out=./ --grpc_out=./ --plugin=protoc-gen-grpc=/data/src/grpc/bins/opt/grpc_php_plugin ./esselector.proto
/data/src/grpc/是git clone github.com/grpc/grpc.git的目录。
该命令在grpc/src/php/bin/generate_proto_php.sh中。
如果出现:
bins/opt/grpc_php_plugin: program not found or is not executable
--grpc_out: protoc-gen-grpc: Plugin failed with status code 1.
是没有编译grpc_php_plugin,需要在grpc下:
make grpc_php_plugin
php greeter_client.php编辑内容:
require dirname(__FILE__).'/vendor/autoload.php';
// The following includes are needed when using protobuf 3.1.0
// and will suppress warnings when using protobuf 3.2.0+
include_once dirname(__FILE__).'/helloworld.pb.php';
include_once dirname(__FILE__).'/helloworld_grpc_pb.php';
function greet($name)
{
$client = new Helloworld\GreeterClient('127.0.0.1:50051', [
'credentials' => Grpc\ChannelCredentials::createInsecure(),
]);
$request = new Helloworld\HelloRequest();
$request->setName($name);
list($reply, $status) = $client->SayHello($request)->wait();
$message = $reply->getMessage();
return $message;
}
$name = !empty($argv[1]) ? $argv[1] : 'world';
echo "the greet: ".greet($name)."\n";
运行:
php ./greeter_client.php
the greet: Hello world
祝大家学习grpc顺利~