Android 属性动画基础,入门

为什么引入属性动画

Android3.0之前提供的补间动画机制还算相对比较健全的,比如你的需求中只需要对View进行移动、缩放、旋转和淡入淡出的操作,那么补间动画已经足够健全了。但是,如果一旦需求超出了这四种操作,补间动画就无能为力了。 
例如,我们需要改变View的宽度,这个时候就不能通过补间动画实现。此外,补间动画还有一个最大的缺陷,就是它只是改变了View的显示效果而已,并不会真正的改变View的属性。具体来说,例如屏幕左上角有一个Button,使用补间动画将其移动到右下角,此刻你去点击右下角的Button,它是绝对不会响应点击事件的,因此其作用区域依然还在左上角。只不过是补间动画将其绘制在右下角而已。

ok,直接进入正题:

以下是我写的一个MainActivity类,里面很清楚的讲解了如何使用属性动画:

只是基础哦,更多特效,请自行研究哦~

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener {

    private Button btnAlpha,btnScaleX,btnRotation,btnTranslate;
    private Button btnScaleRotation,btnRotationTrans,btnAlphaRepeat,btnTransRepeat;
    private Button btnColor,btnJiBu;
    private StepArcView strepView;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        initView();
    }

    private void initView(){
        btnAlpha = findViewById(R.id.btn_alpha);
        btnAlpha.setOnClickListener(this);
        btnScaleX = findViewById(R.id.btn_scaleX);
        btnScaleX.setOnClickListener(this);
        btnRotation = findViewById(R.id.btn_rotation);
        btnRotation.setOnClickListener(this);
        btnTranslate = findViewById(R.id.btn_translate);
        btnTranslate.setOnClickListener(this);
        btnScaleRotation = findViewById(R.id.btn_scale_rotation);
        btnScaleRotation.setOnClickListener(this);
        btnRotationTrans = findViewById(R.id.btn_romation_trans);
        btnRotationTrans.setOnClickListener(this);
        btnAlphaRepeat = findViewById(R.id.btn_alpha_repeat);
        btnAlphaRepeat.setOnClickListener(this);
        btnTransRepeat = findViewById(R.id.btn_translate_repeat);
        btnTransRepeat.setOnClickListener(this);
        btnColor = findViewById(R.id.btn_color);
        btnColor.setOnClickListener(this);
        btnJiBu = findViewById(R.id.btn_jibu);
        btnJiBu.setOnClickListener(this);

        strepView = findViewById(R.id.step_view);
    }



    /**
     * ObjectAnimator是ValueAnimator的子类
     * 第一个参数:所要作用的目标控件
     * 第二个参数:所要操作该控件的属性值
     * 第三个参数:所要操作的属性的开始值
     * 第四个参数:所要操作属性的结束值
     */
    @Override
    public void onClick(View v) {
        switch (v.getId()) {
            case R.id.btn_alpha:
                ObjectAnimator anim = ObjectAnimator.ofFloat(btnAlpha, "alpha", 0f, 1f);
                anim.setDuration(1500);
                anim.start();
                break;
            case R.id.btn_scaleX:
                /**动画组合**/
                PropertyValuesHolder holderX = PropertyValuesHolder.ofFloat("scaleX", 0f, 1f);
                PropertyValuesHolder holderY= PropertyValuesHolder.ofFloat("scaleY", 0f, 1f);
                /**同时播放两个动画**/
                ObjectAnimator.ofPropertyValuesHolder(btnScaleX, holderX, holderY).setDuration(1500).start();
                break;
            case R.id.btn_rotation:
                /**旋转**/
                ObjectAnimator rota = ObjectAnimator.ofFloat(btnRotation,"rotationX", 0f, 360f);
                rota.setDuration(1500);
                rota.start();
                break;
            case R.id.btn_translate:
                ObjectAnimator trans = ObjectAnimator.ofFloat(btnTranslate,"translationY", 100f, 0f);
                trans.setDuration(1500);
                trans.start();
                break;
            case R.id.btn_scale_rotation:
                /**动画组合**/
                AnimatorSet animatorSetGroup1 = new AnimatorSet();
                ObjectAnimator objectAnimatorScaleX1 = ObjectAnimator.ofFloat(btnScaleRotation, "scaleX", 0f, 1f);
                ObjectAnimator objectAnimatorScaleY1 = ObjectAnimator.ofFloat(btnScaleRotation, "scaleY", 0f, 1f);
                ObjectAnimator objectAnimatorRotateX1 = ObjectAnimator.ofFloat(btnScaleRotation, "rotationX", 0f, 360f);
                ObjectAnimator objectAnimatorRotateY1 = ObjectAnimator.ofFloat(btnScaleRotation, "rotationY", 0f, 360f);
                animatorSetGroup1.setDuration(1500);
                animatorSetGroup1.play(objectAnimatorScaleX1).with(objectAnimatorScaleY1)
                        .before(objectAnimatorRotateX1).before(objectAnimatorRotateY1);
                animatorSetGroup1.start();
                break;
            case R.id.btn_romation_trans:
                AnimatorSet animatorSetGroup2 = new AnimatorSet();
                ObjectAnimator objectAnimatorTranslate2 = ObjectAnimator.ofFloat(btnRotationTrans, "translationX", 150f, 0f);
                ObjectAnimator objectAnimatorRotateX2 = ObjectAnimator.ofFloat(btnRotationTrans, "rotationX", 0f, 360f);
                ObjectAnimator objectAnimatorRotateY2 = ObjectAnimator.ofFloat(btnRotationTrans, "rotationY", 0f, 360f);
                animatorSetGroup2.setDuration(1500);
                animatorSetGroup2.play(objectAnimatorTranslate2).after(objectAnimatorRotateX2)
                        .after(objectAnimatorRotateY2);
                animatorSetGroup2.start();
                break;
            case R.id.btn_alpha_repeat:
                ObjectAnimator alphaRepeat = ObjectAnimator.ofFloat(btnAlphaRepeat, "alpha", 0f, 1f);
                alphaRepeat.setDuration(150);
                alphaRepeat.setRepeatCount(8);
                alphaRepeat.start();
                break;
            case R.id.btn_translate_repeat:
                ObjectAnimator transRepeat = ObjectAnimator.ofFloat(btnTransRepeat, "translationX", -10f, 10f);
                transRepeat.setDuration(150);
                transRepeat.setRepeatCount(8);
                transRepeat.start();
                transRepeat.addListener(new AnimatorListenerAdapter() {
                    @Override
                    public void onAnimationEnd(Animator animation) {
                        ObjectAnimator translation = ObjectAnimator.ofFloat(btnTransRepeat, "translationX", 10f,0f);
                        translation.setDuration(150);
                        translation.start();
                        super.onAnimationEnd(animation);
                    }
                });
                break;
            case R.id.btn_color:
                ObjectAnimator colorAnim = ObjectAnimator.ofInt(btnColor, "backgroundColor", Color.BLUE, Color.YELLOW, Color.RED);
                colorAnim.setDuration(3000);
                colorAnim.start();
                break;
            case R.id.btn_jibu:
                strepView.setCurrentCount(7000, 1000);
                break;

        }
    }



}

仿QQ运动的自定义控件:

/**
 * Created by DylanAndroid on 2016/5/26.
 * 显示步数的圆弧
 */
public class StepArcView extends View {

    /**
     * 圆弧的宽度
     */
    private float borderWidth = 38f;
    /**
     * 画步数的数值的字体大小
     */
    private float numberTextSize = 0;
    /**
     * 步数
     */
    private String stepNumber = "0";
    /**
     * 开始绘制圆弧的角度
     */
    private float startAngle = 135;
    /**
     * 终点对应的角度和起始点对应的角度的夹角
     */
    private float angleLength = 270;
    /**
     * 所要绘制的当前步数的红色圆弧终点到起点的夹角
     */
    private float currentAngleLength = 0;
    /**
     * 动画时长
     */
    private int animationLength = 3000;

    public StepArcView(Context context) {
        super(context);


    }

    public StepArcView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
        super(context, attrs);
    }

    public StepArcView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr) {
        super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr);
    }


    @Override
    protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
        super.onDraw(canvas);
        /**中心点的x坐标*/
        float centerX = (getWidth()) / 2;
        /**指定圆弧的外轮廓矩形区域*/
        RectF rectF = new RectF(0 + borderWidth, borderWidth, 2 * centerX - borderWidth, 2 * centerX - borderWidth);

        /**【第一步】绘制整体的黄色圆弧*/
        drawArcYellow(canvas, rectF);
        /**【第二步】绘制当前进度的红色圆弧*/
        drawArcRed(canvas, rectF);
        /**【第三步】绘制当前进度的红色数字*/
        drawTextNumber(canvas, centerX);
        /**【第四步】绘制"步数"的红色数字*/
        drawTextStepString(canvas, centerX);
    }

    /**
     * 1.绘制总步数的黄色圆弧
     *
     * @param canvas 画笔
     * @param rectF  参考的矩形
     */
    private void drawArcYellow(Canvas canvas, RectF rectF) {
        Paint paint = new Paint();
        /** 默认画笔颜色,黄色 */
        paint.setColor(Color.YELLOW);
        /** 结合处为圆弧*/
        paint.setStrokeJoin(Paint.Join.ROUND);
        /** 设置画笔的样式 Paint.Cap.Round ,Cap.SQUARE等分别为圆形、方形*/
        paint.setStrokeCap(Paint.Cap.ROUND);
        /** 设置画笔的填充样式 Paint.Style.FILL  :填充内部;Paint.Style.FILL_AND_STROKE  :填充内部和描边;  Paint.Style.STROKE  :仅描边*/
        paint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);
        /**抗锯齿功能*/
        paint.setAntiAlias(true);
        /**设置画笔宽度*/
        paint.setStrokeWidth(borderWidth);

        /**绘制圆弧的方法
         * drawArc(RectF oval, float startAngle, float sweepAngle, boolean useCenter, Paint paint)//画弧,
         参数一是RectF对象,一个矩形区域椭圆形的界限用于定义在形状、大小、电弧,
         参数二是起始角(度)在电弧的开始,圆弧起始角度,单位为度。
         参数三圆弧扫过的角度,顺时针方向,单位为度,从右中间开始为零度。
         参数四是如果这是true(真)的话,在绘制圆弧时将圆心包括在内,通常用来绘制扇形;如果它是false(假)这将是一个弧线,
         参数五是Paint对象;
         */
        canvas.drawArc(rectF, startAngle, angleLength, false, paint);

    }

    /**
     * 2.绘制当前步数的红色圆弧
     */
    private void drawArcRed(Canvas canvas, RectF rectF) {
        Paint paintCurrent = new Paint();
        paintCurrent.setStrokeJoin(Paint.Join.ROUND);
        paintCurrent.setStrokeCap(Paint.Cap.ROUND);//圆角弧度
        paintCurrent.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);//设置填充样式
        paintCurrent.setAntiAlias(true);//抗锯齿功能
        paintCurrent.setStrokeWidth(borderWidth);//设置画笔宽度
        paintCurrent.setColor(Color.RED);//设置画笔颜色
        canvas.drawArc(rectF, startAngle, currentAngleLength, false, paintCurrent);
    }

    /**
     * 3.圆环中心的步数
     */
    private void drawTextNumber(Canvas canvas, float centerX) {
        Paint vTextPaint = new Paint();
        vTextPaint.setTextAlign(Paint.Align.CENTER);
        vTextPaint.setAntiAlias(true);//抗锯齿功能
        vTextPaint.setTextSize(numberTextSize);
        Typeface font = Typeface.create(Typeface.SANS_SERIF, Typeface.NORMAL);
        vTextPaint.setTypeface(font);//字体风格
        vTextPaint.setColor(Color.RED);
        Rect bounds_Number = new Rect();
        vTextPaint.getTextBounds(stepNumber, 0, stepNumber.length(), bounds_Number);
        canvas.drawText(stepNumber, centerX, getHeight() / 2 + bounds_Number.height() / 2, vTextPaint);

    }

    /**
     * 4.圆环中心[步数]的文字
     */
    private void drawTextStepString(Canvas canvas, float centerX) {
        Paint vTextPaint = new Paint();
        vTextPaint.setTextSize(dipToPx(16));
        vTextPaint.setTextAlign(Paint.Align.CENTER);
        vTextPaint.setAntiAlias(true);//抗锯齿功能
        vTextPaint.setColor(Color.BLUE);
        String stepString = "步数";
        Rect bounds = new Rect();
        vTextPaint.getTextBounds(stepString, 0, stepString.length(), bounds);
        canvas.drawText(stepString, centerX, getHeight() / 2 + bounds.height() + getFontHeight(numberTextSize), vTextPaint);
    }

    /**
     * 获取当前步数的数字的高度
     *
     * @param fontSize 字体大小
     * @return 字体高度
     */
    public int getFontHeight(float fontSize) {
        Paint paint = new Paint();
        paint.setTextSize(fontSize);
        Rect bounds_Number = new Rect();
        paint.getTextBounds(stepNumber, 0, stepNumber.length(), bounds_Number);
        return bounds_Number.height();
    }

    /**
     * dip 转换成px
     *
     * @param dip
     * @return
     */

    private int dipToPx(float dip) {
        float density = getContext().getResources().getDisplayMetrics().density;
        return (int) (dip * density + 0.5f * (dip >= 0 ? 1 : -1));
    }

    /**
     * 所走的步数进度
     *
     * @param totalStepNum  设置的步数
     * @param currentCounts 所走步数
     */
    @RequiresApi(api = Build.VERSION_CODES.HONEYCOMB)
    public void setCurrentCount(int totalStepNum, int currentCounts) {
        stepNumber = currentCounts + "";
        setTextSize(currentCounts);
        /**如果当前走的步数超过总步数则圆弧还是270度,不能成为园*/
        if (currentCounts > totalStepNum) {
            currentCounts = totalStepNum;
        }
        /**所走步数占用总共步数的百分比*/
        float scale = (float) currentCounts / totalStepNum;
        /**换算成弧度最后要到达的角度的长度-->弧长*/
        float currentAngleLength = scale * angleLength;
        /**开始执行动画*/
        setAnimation(0, currentAngleLength, animationLength);
    }

    /**
     * 为进度设置动画
     * ValueAnimator是整个属性动画机制当中最核心的一个类,属性动画的运行机制是通过不断地对值进行操作来实现的,
     * 而初始值和结束值之间的动画过渡就是由ValueAnimator这个类来负责计算的。
     * 它的内部使用一种时间循环的机制来计算值与值之间的动画过渡,
     * 我们只需要将初始值和结束值提供给ValueAnimator,并且告诉它动画所需运行的时长,
     * 那么ValueAnimator就会自动帮我们完成从初始值平滑地过渡到结束值这样的效果。
     *
     * @param last
     * @param current
     */
    @RequiresApi(api = Build.VERSION_CODES.HONEYCOMB)
    private void setAnimation(float last, float current, int length) {
        ValueAnimator progressAnimator = ValueAnimator.ofFloat(last, current);
        progressAnimator.setDuration(length);
        progressAnimator.setTarget(currentAngleLength);
        progressAnimator.addUpdateListener(new ValueAnimator.AnimatorUpdateListener() {
            @Override
            public void onAnimationUpdate(ValueAnimator animation) {
                currentAngleLength = (float) animation.getAnimatedValue();
                invalidate();
            }
        });
        progressAnimator.start();
    }

    /**
     * 设置文本大小,防止步数特别大之后放不下,将字体大小动态设置
     *
     * @param num
     */
    public void setTextSize(int num) {
        String s = String.valueOf(num);
        int length = s.length();
        if (length <= 4) {
            numberTextSize = dipToPx(50);
        } else if (length > 4 && length <= 6) {
            numberTextSize = dipToPx(40);
        } else if (length > 6 && length <= 8) {
            numberTextSize = dipToPx(30);
        } else if (length > 8) {
            numberTextSize = dipToPx(25);
        }
    }

}

layout页面:




    
        

以上就是属性动画的实现方式。

大家直接cy就可以了。。 


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