[LeetCode] 916. 单词子集

题目

我们给出两个单词数组 AB。每个单词都是一串小写字母。

现在,如果 b 中的每个字母都出现在 a 中,包括重复出现的字母,那么称单词 b 是单词 a 的子集。 例如,“wrr” 是 “warrior” 的子集,但不是 “world” 的子集。

如果对 B 中的每一个单词 bb 都是 a 的子集,那么我们称 A 中的单词 a 是通用的。

你可以按任意顺序以列表形式返回 A 中所有的通用单词。

示例 1:
输入:A = ["amazon","apple","facebook","google","leetcode"], B = ["e","o"]
输出:["facebook","google","leetcode"]
示例 2:
输入:A = ["amazon","apple","facebook","google","leetcode"], B = ["l","e"]
输出:["apple","google","leetcode"]
示例 3:
输入:A = ["amazon","apple","facebook","google","leetcode"], B = ["e","oo"]
输出:["facebook","google"]
示例 4:
输入:A = ["amazon","apple","facebook","google","leetcode"], B = ["lo","eo"]
输出:["google","leetcode"]
示例 5:
输入:A = ["amazon","apple","facebook","google","leetcode"], B = ["ec","oc","ceo"]
输出:["facebook","leetcode"]

思路

本题要求 对 B 中的每一个单词 b,b 都是 a 的子集。那么b中某一个字母出现几次,在a中也至少要有几次。对于多个b,某一单词出现的次数取最多的一次。

对于所有的b,采用一个哈希数组Bhash统计每个字母出现的次数。对单个b,通过哈希数组bhash统计在这个单词中每个字母出现的次数。在统计完后与总数组Bhash进行比对,保留较大的值。

当所有b遍历完后获得最终的Bhash,与每一个a的哈希数组进行比对即可。

Python代码

class Solution:
def wordSubsets(self, A, B):
    """
    :type A: List[str]
    :type B: List[str]
    :rtype: List[str]
    """
    Bhash = {}
    
    for str in B:
        bhash = {} 
        for s in str:
            if not s in bhash:
                bhash[s] = 1
            else: bhash[s] +=1
        for i in bhash:
            if not i in Bhash:
                Bhash[i] = bhash[i]
            else : Bhash[i] = max(Bhash[i],bhash[i])
            
    res = []
    for str in A:
        ahash = {}
        flag = 1
        for s in str:
            if not s in ahash:
                ahash[s] = 1
            else: ahash[s] +=1
        for i in Bhash:
            if not i in ahash:
                flag = 0
                break
            elif ahash[i] < Bhash[i]:
                flag = 0
                break
        if flag == 0:
            continue
        else :
            res.append(str)
    return res

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