linux重要命令

dpkg命令使用

dpkg -l 查看当前系统中已经安装的软件包的信息

例子：dpkg -l | grep libmysqlclient-dev

Desired=Unknown/Install/Remove/Purge/Hold
| Status=Not/Inst/Conf-files/Unpacked/halF-conf/Half-inst/trig-aWait/Trig-pend
|/ Err?=(none)/Reinst-required (Status,Err: uppercase=bad)
||/ Name           Version        Description
+++-==============-==============-============================================
ii  libmysqlclient 5.5.28-0ubuntu MySQL database development files
roger@roger-machine:/usr/include/mysql/mysql$ dpkg -l | grep libmysqlclient-dev
ii  libmysqlclient-dev                     5.5.28-0ubuntu0.12.04.3                 MySQL database development files

dpkg -L （软件包名称）查看系统中已经安装的软件文件的详细列表

roger@roger-machine:/usr/include/mysql/mysql$ dpkg -L libmysqlclient-dev | head -n 5
/.
/usr
/usr/bin
/usr/bin/mysql_config
/usr/lib

dpkg -s 查看已经安装的指定软件包的详细信息

Package: libmysqlclient-dev
Status: install ok installed
Priority: optional
Section: libdevel
Installed-Size: 4965
Maintainer: Ubuntu Developers 
Architecture: i386
Source: mysql-5.5
Version: 5.5.28-0ubuntu0.12.04.3
Replaces: libmysqlclient15-dev
Provides: libmysqlclient15-dev
Depends: libmysqlclient18 (= 5.5.28-0ubuntu0.12.04.3), zlib1g-dev
Conflicts: libmysqlclient10-dev, libmysqlclient12-dev, libmysqlclient14-dev, libmysqlclient15-dev
Description: MySQL database development files
 MySQL is a fast, stable and true multi-user, multi-threaded SQL database
 server. SQL (Structured Query Language) is the most popular database query
 language in the world. The main goals of MySQL are speed, robustness and
 ease of use.
 .
 This package includes development libraries and header files.
Homepage: http://dev.mysql.com/
Original-Maintainer: Debian MySQL Maintainers 

dpkg -S 查看系统中的某个文件属于那个软件包;

dpkg -i *.deb文件的安装

dpkg -r *.deb文件的卸载;