接着之前发的IIC控制OLED屏,新买了一块有SPI接口的,用SPI也做个菜单界面顺便看看两种通信方式有什么区别吧,先上效果图:
详细视屏可点击链接:https://www.bilibili.com/video/av75835063/
1.核心板:STM32F103C8T6最小系统板以及一些按键开关
2.OLED显示模块:SPI接口
3.编译环境:Keil MDK
这次还是先了解一下SPI接口通信方式的基础知识吧;首先如下是从cortex-M3中文参考手册上截取的有关SPI通信的说明:
SPI(Serial Peripheral interface)就是串行外设接口,其允许芯片芯片与外部设备以半/全双工、同步、串行方式通信。该接口可以被配置成主模式,并为外部从设备提供通信时钟(SCK),另外接口还能以多主配置方式工作。参考STM32F10中文参考手册,SPI主要有如下特征:
推荐看该大神的SPI协议详细讲解:https://blog.csdn.net/weiqifa0/article/details/82765892
首先还是要先把OLED点亮,借鉴了一下网上的例程,做了些更改,大致如下:
首先看下main函数:
// 功能描述 : OLED 4接口演示例程(STM32系列)
// 说明:
// ----------------------------------------------------------------
// GND 电源地
// VCC 接5V或3.3v电源
// D0 接PA5(SCL)
// D1 接PA7(SDA)
// RES 接PB0
// DC 接PB1
// CS 接PA4
// ----------------------------------------------------------------
int main (void)
{
delay_init();
TIM3_init(1000-1,72-1);
OLED_Init(); //初始化OLED
OLED_Clear();
while(1)
{
deal_allkey_press();//处理各种按键事件
Mision_1ms();//1ms扫描任务
show_ui();
}
}
然后是OLED和一些引脚的配置
void OLED_Init(void)
{
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA, ENABLE); //使能A端口时钟
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_4|GPIO_Pin_5|GPIO_Pin_7;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_Out_PP; //推挽输出
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;//速度50MHz
GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure); //初始化GPIOD3,6
GPIO_SetBits(GPIOA,GPIO_Pin_5|GPIO_Pin_7|GPIO_Pin_4);
RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB, ENABLE); //使能A端口时钟
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_0|GPIO_Pin_1|GPIO_Pin_8;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_Out_PP; //推挽输出
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;//速度50MHz
GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStructure); //初始化GPIOD3,6
GPIO_SetBits(GPIOB,GPIO_Pin_0|GPIO_Pin_1|GPIO_Pin_8);
OLED_RST_Set();
delay_ms(100);
OLED_RST_Clr();
delay_ms(200);
OLED_RST_Set();
OLED_WR_Byte(0xAE,OLED_CMD);//--turn off oled panel
OLED_WR_Byte(0x00,OLED_CMD);//---set low column address
OLED_WR_Byte(0x10,OLED_CMD);//---set high column address
OLED_WR_Byte(0x40,OLED_CMD);//--set start line address Set Mapping RAM Display Start Line (0x00~0x3F)
OLED_WR_Byte(0x81,OLED_CMD);//--set contrast control register
OLED_WR_Byte(0xCF,OLED_CMD); // Set SEG Output Current Brightness
OLED_WR_Byte(0xA1,OLED_CMD);//--Set SEG/Column Mapping 0xa0左右反置 0xa1正常
OLED_WR_Byte(0xC8,OLED_CMD);//Set COM/Row Scan Direction 0xc0上下反置 0xc8正常
OLED_WR_Byte(0xA6,OLED_CMD);//--set normal display
OLED_WR_Byte(0xA8,OLED_CMD);//--set multiplex ratio(1 to 64)
OLED_WR_Byte(0x3f,OLED_CMD);//--1/64 duty
OLED_WR_Byte(0xD3,OLED_CMD);//-set display offset Shift Mapping RAM Counter (0x00~0x3F)
OLED_WR_Byte(0x00,OLED_CMD);//-not offset
OLED_WR_Byte(0xd5,OLED_CMD);//--set display clock divide ratio/oscillator frequency
OLED_WR_Byte(0x80,OLED_CMD);//--set divide ratio, Set Clock as 100 Frames/Sec
OLED_WR_Byte(0xD9,OLED_CMD);//--set pre-charge period
OLED_WR_Byte(0xF1,OLED_CMD);//Set Pre-Charge as 15 Clocks & Discharge as 1 Clock
OLED_WR_Byte(0xDA,OLED_CMD);//--set com pins hardware configuration
OLED_WR_Byte(0x12,OLED_CMD);
OLED_WR_Byte(0xDB,OLED_CMD);//--set vcomh
OLED_WR_Byte(0x40,OLED_CMD);//Set VCOM Deselect Level
OLED_WR_Byte(0x20,OLED_CMD);//-Set Page Addressing Mode (0x00/0x01/0x02)
OLED_WR_Byte(0x02,OLED_CMD);//
OLED_WR_Byte(0x8D,OLED_CMD);//--set Charge Pump enable/disable
OLED_WR_Byte(0x14,OLED_CMD);//--set(0x10) disable
OLED_WR_Byte(0xA4,OLED_CMD);// Disable Entire Display On (0xa4/0xa5)
OLED_WR_Byte(0xA6,OLED_CMD);// Disable Inverse Display On (0xa6/a7)
OLED_WR_Byte(0xAF,OLED_CMD);//--turn on oled panel
OLED_WR_Byte(0xAF,OLED_CMD); /*display ON*/
OLED_Clear();
OLED_Set_Pos(0,0);
}
定时器的配置:
u8 flag_1ms;
void TIM3_IRQHandler(void)
{
if(TIM3->SR&0X0001)//溢出中断
{
//time++;
flag_1ms = 1;
// flag_10ms = 1;//这个要看定时器的重装载值和预分频值判断
}
TIM3->SR&=~(1<<0);//清除中断标志位
}
void TIM3_init(u16 arr,u16 psc)
{
*( volatile unsigned int *) 0x4002101C |= 1<<1;
TIM3->ARR=arr; //设定计数器自动重装值
TIM3->PSC=psc; //预分频器设置
TIM3->DIER|=1<<0; //允许更新中断
TIM3->CR1|=0x01; //使能定时器3
MY_NVIC_Init(1,3,TIM3_IRQn,2);//抢占1,子优先级3,组2
}
/**********1ms扫描任务,每一毫秒做对应的事*****/
//这里简单的用来做按键扫描了,注意1ms扫描函数也不能塞太多任务了,不然时间可能不准
void Mision_1ms(void)
{
if(flag_1ms)
{
// test = !test;
flag_1ms = 0;
key1_scan();
key2_scan();
key3_scan();
key4_scan();
key6_scan();
key7_scan();
key8_scan();
key9_scan();
}
}
关于OLED模块写的一些子函数,可适当的对OLED屏做一些清屏的、开关的处理,当然下面还需要一个对应的取模头文件(包括字符取模和图片取模)oledfont.h、bmp.h
#include "oled_spi.h"
#include "stdlib.h"
#include "oledfont.h"
#include "delay.h"
#include "bmp.h"
//OLED的显存
//存放格式如下.
//[0]0 1 2 3 ... 127
//[1]0 1 2 3 ... 127
//[2]0 1 2 3 ... 127
//[3]0 1 2 3 ... 127
//[4]0 1 2 3 ... 127
//[5]0 1 2 3 ... 127
//[6]0 1 2 3 ... 127
//[7]0 1 2 3 ... 127
#if OLED_MODE==1
//向SSD1106写入一个字节。
//dat:要写入的数据/命令
//cmd:数据/命令标志 0,表示命令;1,表示数据;
void OLED_WR_Byte(u8 dat,u8 cmd)
{
DATAOUT(dat);
if(cmd)
OLED_DC_Set();
else
OLED_DC_Clr();
OLED_CS_Clr();
OLED_WR_Clr();
OLED_WR_Set();
OLED_CS_Set();
OLED_DC_Set();
}
#else
//向SSD1106写入一个字节。
//dat:要写入的数据/命令
//cmd:数据/命令标志 0,表示命令;1,表示数据;
void OLED_WR_Byte(u8 dat,u8 cmd)
{
u8 i;
if(cmd)
OLED_DC_Set();
else
OLED_DC_Clr();
OLED_CS_Clr();
for(i=0;i<8;i++)
{
OLED_SCLK_Clr();
if(dat&0x80)
OLED_SDIN_Set();
else
OLED_SDIN_Clr();
OLED_SCLK_Set();
dat<<=1;
}
OLED_CS_Set();
OLED_DC_Set();
}
#endif
void OLED_Set_Pos(unsigned char x, unsigned char y)
{
OLED_WR_Byte(0xb0+y,OLED_CMD);
OLED_WR_Byte(((x&0xf0)>>4)|0x10,OLED_CMD);
OLED_WR_Byte((x&0x0f)|0x01,OLED_CMD);
}
//开启OLED显示
void OLED_Display_On(void)
{
OLED_WR_Byte(0X8D,OLED_CMD); //SET DCDC命令
OLED_WR_Byte(0X14,OLED_CMD); //DCDC ON
OLED_WR_Byte(0XAF,OLED_CMD); //DISPLAY ON
}
//关闭OLED显示
void OLED_Display_Off(void)
{
OLED_WR_Byte(0X8D,OLED_CMD); //SET DCDC命令
OLED_WR_Byte(0X10,OLED_CMD); //DCDC OFF
OLED_WR_Byte(0XAE,OLED_CMD); //DISPLAY OFF
}
//清屏函数,清完屏,整个屏幕是黑色的!和没点亮一样!!!
void OLED_Clear(void)
{
u8 i,n;
for(i=0;i<8;i++)
{
OLED_WR_Byte (0xb0+i,OLED_CMD); //设置页地址(0~7)
OLED_WR_Byte (0x00,OLED_CMD); //设置显示位置—列低地址
OLED_WR_Byte (0x10,OLED_CMD); //设置显示位置—列高地址
for(n=0;n<128;n++)OLED_WR_Byte(0,OLED_DATA);
} //更新显示
}
//在指定位置显示一个字符,包括部分字符
//x:0~127
//y:0~63
//mode:0,反白显示;1,正常显示
//size:选择字体 16/12
void OLED_ShowChar(u8 x,u8 y,u8 chr)
{
unsigned char c=0,i=0;
c=chr-' ';//得到偏移后的值
if(x>Max_Column-1){x=0;y=y+2;}
if(SIZE ==16)
{
OLED_Set_Pos(x,y);
for(i=0;i<8;i++)
OLED_WR_Byte(F8X16[c*16+i],OLED_DATA);
OLED_Set_Pos(x,y+1);
for(i=0;i<8;i++)
OLED_WR_Byte(F8X16[c*16+i+8],OLED_DATA);
}
else {
OLED_Set_Pos(x,y+1);
for(i=0;i<6;i++)
OLED_WR_Byte(F6x8[c][i],OLED_DATA);
}
}
//m^n函数
u32 oled_pow(u8 m,u8 n)
{
u32 result=1;
while(n--)result*=m;
return result;
}
//显示2个数字
//x,y :起点坐标
//len :数字的位数
//size:字体大小
//mode:模式 0,填充模式;1,叠加模式
//num:数值(0~4294967295);
void OLED_ShowNum(u8 x,u8 y,u32 num,u8 len,u8 size)
{
u8 t,temp;
u8 enshow=0;
for(t=0;t<len;t++)
{
temp=(num/oled_pow(10,len-t-1))%10;
if(enshow==0&&t<(len-1))
{
if(temp==0)
{
OLED_ShowChar(x+(size/2)*t,y,' ');
continue;
}else enshow=1;
}
OLED_ShowChar(x+(size/2)*t,y,temp+'0');
}
}
//显示一个字符号串
void OLED_ShowString(u8 x,u8 y,u8 *chr)
{
unsigned char j=0;
while (chr[j]!='\0')
{ OLED_ShowChar(x,y,chr[j]);
x+=8;
if(x>120){x=0;y+=2;}
j++;
}
}
//显示汉字
void OLED_ShowCHinese(u8 x,u8 y,u8 no)
{
u8 t,adder=0;
OLED_Set_Pos(x,y);
for(t=0;t<16;t++)
{
OLED_WR_Byte(Hzk[2*no][t],OLED_DATA);
adder+=1;
}
OLED_Set_Pos(x,y+1);
for(t=0;t<16;t++)
{
OLED_WR_Byte(Hzk[2*no+1][t],OLED_DATA);
adder+=1;
}
}
/***********功能描述:显示显示BMP图片128×64起始点坐标(x,y),x的范围0~127,y为页的范围0~7*****************/
void OLED_DrawBMP(unsigned char x0, unsigned char y0,unsigned char x1, unsigned char y1,unsigned char BMP[])
{
unsigned int j=0;
unsigned char x,y;
if(y1%8==0) y=y1/8;
else y=y1/8+1;
for(y=y0;y<y1;y++)
{
OLED_Set_Pos(x0,y);
for(x=x0;x<x1;x++)
{
OLED_WR_Byte(BMP[j++],OLED_DATA);
}
}
}
/*******************由于我的屏幕都是用的图片,这里就先介绍图片取模的用法*******/
void show_ui(void)
{
if(time4 >= 500)
{
time4 = 0;
OLED_SPI_INTERFACE_Statment();
}
}
void show_maininterface(void)
{
// OLED_DrawBMP(0,0,128,8,BMP1);
// OLED_DrawBMP(0,0,128,8,BMP2);
OLED_DrawBMP(0,0,128,8,BMP3);// 首页
}
void show_menuinterface(void)
{
OLED_DrawBMP(0,0,128,8,BMP4);// 垃圾分类
}
void show_2_chossen_interface(void)
{
OLED_DrawBMP(0,0,128,8,BMP5);// 搜索
}
void show_3_chossen_interface(void)
{
OLED_DrawBMP(0,0,128,8,BMP6);// 音乐
}
void show_4_chossen_interface(void)
{
OLED_DrawBMP(0,0,128,8,BMP7);// 游戏
}
void show_5_chossen_interface(void)
{
OLED_DrawBMP(0,0,128,8,BMP8);// 相机
}
void show_6_chossen_interface(void)
{
OLED_DrawBMP(0,0,128,8,BMP9);// 录像
}
void show_7_chossen_interface(void)
{
OLED_DrawBMP(0,0,128,8,BMP10);// 天气
}
void show_8_chossen_interface(void)
{
OLED_DrawBMP(0,0,128,8,BMP11);// 毒物
}
接下来还是自己写的的按键驱动程序,主要是配合按键扫描处理,这里就贴出一部分作为例子吧:
//#define KEY7 PBin(9)这个放在头文件里
u16 key7up_flag = 1; u16 key7down_flag = 0;//按键弹起标志 按键按下标志
u16 key7up_cnt = 0; u16 key7down_cnt = 0;//按键弹起后计数值 按键按下后计数值
u16 key7_short_flag = 0;//短按标志
u16 key7_idle_flag = 0;//非空闲
u16 key7up_cnt2 = 0;
void key7_scan(void)//key7作为 ADD
{
//当按键持续按下
if(0 == ( GPIOB->IDR & (1<<9)))
{
key7down_cnt++;
if(key7down_cnt >= 10)//去抖时间
{
key7down_flag = 1;
key7up_flag = 0;//抬起清零
key7up_cnt = 0;
if(key7_idle_flag)
{
key7_idle_flag = 0;
}
}
}
//如果按键松开
else
{
if(key7_idle_flag)
return;
key7up_cnt ++;
//负防抖 ***************************************
if(key7up_cnt >= 50)
{
key7up_flag = 1;
key7down_flag = 0;
key7down_cnt = 0;
}
//按下时间大于100ms,判断为单击
if(key7down_cnt >= 50)
{
key7_short_flag = 1;//**************** 短按(单击)
key7down_flag = 0;
key7down_cnt = 0;
}
else //按下时间小于50ms,忽略
{
key7up_cnt = 0;//弹起计数清零
key7up_flag = 0;
key7down_cnt = 0;//清零按下抖动的次数
key7_short_flag = 0;
key7down_flag = 0;//按下标志清零
key7_idle_flag = 1;//如果抬起持续1s没动作,就判断为空闲状态
}
}
if(key7_short_flag)
{
key7_short_flag = 0;
key7_press = 1;
}
}
/*********上面是按键驱动函数,下面是引用对应的标志位********/
//这里是向下选择按键的控制
void deal_key7_press(void)
{
if(key7_press)
{
key7_press = 0;
menu_key_Down();
}
}
void deal_allkey_press(void)
{
deal_key1_press();
deal_key2_press();
deal_key3_press();
deal_key4_press();
deal_key6_press();
deal_key7_press();
deal_key8_press();
deal_key9_press();
}
最后菜单的显示用的是状态机,不过刚刚学的状态机可能用的还不太好,以下是menu_spi.c
menu_spi.h
#ifndef __MENU_SPI_H
#define __MENU_SPI_H
#include "sys.h"
#include "oled_spi.h"
typedef enum
{
OLED_SPI_MAIN_INTERFACE = 0,
OLED_SPI_MENU_INTERFACE,
OLED_SPI_2_CHOOSEN_INTERFACE,
OLED_SPI_3_CHOOSEN_INTERFACE,
OLED_SPI_4_CHOOSEN_INTERFACE,
OLED_SPI_5_CHOOSEN_INTERFACE,
OLED_SPI_6_CHOOSEN_INTERFACE,
OLED_SPI_7_CHOOSEN_INTERFACE,
OLED_SPI_8_CHOOSEN_INTERFACE,
}OLED_SPI_INTERFACE;
extern OLED_SPI_INTERFACE oled_spi_interface;
void OLED_SPI_INTERFACE_Statment(void);
void menu_key_Enter(void);
void menu_key_Return(void);
void menu_key_Up(void);
void menu_key_Down(void);
menu_spi.c
#include "menu_spi.h"
OLED_SPI_INTERFACE oled_spi_interface ;
void OLED_SPI_INTERFACE_Statment(void)
{
switch(oled_spi_interface)
{
case OLED_SPI_MAIN_INTERFACE:
show_maininterface();
break;
case OLED_SPI_MENU_INTERFACE:
show_menuinterface();
break;
case OLED_SPI_2_CHOOSEN_INTERFACE:
show_2_chossen_interface();
break;
case OLED_SPI_3_CHOOSEN_INTERFACE:
show_3_chossen_interface();
break;
case OLED_SPI_4_CHOOSEN_INTERFACE:
show_4_chossen_interface();
break;
case OLED_SPI_5_CHOOSEN_INTERFACE:
show_5_chossen_interface();
break;
case OLED_SPI_6_CHOOSEN_INTERFACE:
show_6_chossen_interface();
break;
case OLED_SPI_7_CHOOSEN_INTERFACE:
show_7_chossen_interface();
break;
case OLED_SPI_8_CHOOSEN_INTERFACE:
show_8_chossen_interface();
break;
default:
break;
}
}
void menu_key_Enter(void)
{
OLED_Clear();//清屏
if(oled_spi_interface == OLED_SPI_MAIN_INTERFACE)
{
oled_spi_interface = OLED_SPI_MENU_INTERFACE;
}
else if(oled_spi_interface == OLED_SPI_4_CHOOSEN_INTERFACE)
{
GAME_SNAKE();
}
}
void menu_key_Return(void)
{
OLED_Clear();//清屏
if(oled_spi_interface == OLED_SPI_MENU_INTERFACE)
{
oled_spi_interface = OLED_SPI_MAIN_INTERFACE;
}
else if(oled_spi_interface == OLED_SPI_MAIN_INTERFACE)
{
oled_spi_interface = OLED_SPI_MAIN_INTERFACE;
}
}
void menu_key_Up(void)
{
OLED_Clear();//清屏
if(oled_spi_interface == OLED_SPI_8_CHOOSEN_INTERFACE )
{
oled_spi_interface = OLED_SPI_7_CHOOSEN_INTERFACE;
}
else if(oled_spi_interface == OLED_SPI_7_CHOOSEN_INTERFACE)
{
oled_spi_interface = OLED_SPI_6_CHOOSEN_INTERFACE;
}
else if(oled_spi_interface == OLED_SPI_6_CHOOSEN_INTERFACE)
{
oled_spi_interface = OLED_SPI_5_CHOOSEN_INTERFACE;
}
else if(oled_spi_interface == OLED_SPI_5_CHOOSEN_INTERFACE)
{
oled_spi_interface = OLED_SPI_4_CHOOSEN_INTERFACE;
}
else if(oled_spi_interface == OLED_SPI_4_CHOOSEN_INTERFACE)
{
oled_spi_interface = OLED_SPI_3_CHOOSEN_INTERFACE;
}
else if(oled_spi_interface == OLED_SPI_3_CHOOSEN_INTERFACE)
{
oled_spi_interface = OLED_SPI_2_CHOOSEN_INTERFACE;
}
else if(oled_spi_interface == OLED_SPI_2_CHOOSEN_INTERFACE)
{
oled_spi_interface = OLED_SPI_MENU_INTERFACE;
}
}
void menu_key_Down(void)
{
OLED_Clear();//清屏
if(oled_spi_interface == OLED_SPI_MENU_INTERFACE)
{
oled_spi_interface = OLED_SPI_2_CHOOSEN_INTERFACE;
}
else if(oled_spi_interface == OLED_SPI_2_CHOOSEN_INTERFACE)
{
oled_spi_interface = OLED_SPI_3_CHOOSEN_INTERFACE;
}
else if(oled_spi_interface == OLED_SPI_3_CHOOSEN_INTERFACE)
{
oled_spi_interface = OLED_SPI_4_CHOOSEN_INTERFACE;
}
else if(oled_spi_interface == OLED_SPI_4_CHOOSEN_INTERFACE)
{
oled_spi_interface = OLED_SPI_5_CHOOSEN_INTERFACE;
}
else if(oled_spi_interface == OLED_SPI_5_CHOOSEN_INTERFACE)
{
oled_spi_interface = OLED_SPI_6_CHOOSEN_INTERFACE;
}
else if(oled_spi_interface == OLED_SPI_6_CHOOSEN_INTERFACE)
{
oled_spi_interface = OLED_SPI_7_CHOOSEN_INTERFACE;
}
else if(oled_spi_interface == OLED_SPI_7_CHOOSEN_INTERFACE)
{
oled_spi_interface = OLED_SPI_8_CHOOSEN_INTERFACE;
}
}
以上就是本人用OLED模块做的菜单显示,首先是OLED模块的显示了(这一步做好了才有菜单,先做一个界面,再按自己的意愿自由改变界面显示,然后再考虑布局、美观等),菜单选择部分主要是用到状态机,另外就是按键驱动部分(这个网上也有很多例程),这期间或许理解还不到位或者还没见识到更高级的处理,需要大家多多指出和相互交流,本文不足之处希望大家多多指出,非常感谢。