Docker(1.11.1)命令

• 查看当前Docker的版本信息；

  root@willem:~# docker version
  Client:
   Version:      1.11.1
   API version:  1.23
   Go version:   go1.5.4
   Git commit:   5604cbe
   Built:        Tue Apr 26 23:30:23 2016
   OS/Arch:      linux/amd64
  
  Server:
   Version:      1.11.1
   API version:  1.23
   Go version:   go1.5.4
   Git commit:   5604cbe
   Built:        Tue Apr 26 23:30:23 2016
   OS/Arch:      linux/amd64
  

• 查看Docker帮助信息；
  使用过程中可以使用Docker提供的帮助功能查看命令的用法与相关信息。

  docker --help
  

• Docker基本语法；

  Usage: docker [OPTIONS] COMMAND [arg...]
         docker daemon [ --help | ... ]
         docker [ --help | -v | --version ]
  
  A self-sufficient runtime for containers.
  

• 选项；

  Options:
    
    # 指定Docker客户端配置文件的路径；
    --config=~/.docker              Location of client config files
    # 是否使用Debug模式，默认为false；
    -D, --debug                     Enable debug mode
    # 在daemon模式下绑定的socket，通过一个或多个 tcp://host:port, unix:///path/to/socket, fd://* or fd://socketfd来指定；
    -H, --host=[]                   Daemon socket(s) to connect to
    # 查看帮助信息，-h 和 --help 是一样的；
    -h, --help                      Print usage
    # 设置日志等级，-l 和 --log-level 是一样的；
    -l, --log-level=info            Set the logging level
    # 是否开启tls，默认为false；
    --tls                           Use TLS; implied by --tlsverify
    # 指定CA(Certificate Authority认证授权机构)签名的信任证书的路径；
    --tlscacert=~/.docker/ca.pem    Trust certs signed only by this CA
    # 指定TLS证书文件的路径；
    --tlscert=~/.docker/cert.pem    Path to TLS certificate file
    # 指定TLS公钥文件的路径；
    --tlskey=~/.docker/key.pem      Path to TLS key file
    # 使用TLS并验证远程控制主机；
    --tlsverify                     Use TLS and verify the remote
    # 输出Docker的版本信息(简略)并退出
    -v, --version                   Print version information and quit
  

• 命令；

  Commands:
      
      # 依附到一个正在运行的容器中；
      attach    Attach to a running container
      # 依据Dockerfile文件构建镜像；
      build     Build an image from a Dockerfile
      # 在容器中将容器构建为一个新的镜像；
      commit    Create a new image from a container's changes
      # 在容器和宿主机之间拷贝文件/文件夹；
      cp        Copy files/folders between a container and the local filesystem
      # 创建容器；
      create    Create a new container
      # 检查一个容器的文件系统的变更；
      diff      Inspect changes on a container's filesystem
      # 从服务端获取实时的事件；
      events    Get real time events from the server
      # 在运行的容器中执行命令；
      exec      Run a command in a running container
      # 将一个容器的文件系统导出为一个tar包；
      export    Export a container's filesystem as a tar archive
      # 显示一个镜像的构建历史信息(镜像的构建步骤记录-类似Dockerfile)；
      history   Show the history of an image
      # 查询镜像列表；
      images    List images
      # 从tarball导入内容创建一个文件系统映像；
      import    Import the contents from a tarball to create a filesystem image
      # 显示整个系统的信息；
      info      Display system-wide information
      # 获取容器或镜像的低级信息；
      inspect   Return low-level information on a container or image
      # 关闭一个正在运行的容器(包括进程和所有相关资源)；
      kill      Kill a running container
      # 从一个tar包或STDIN中加载一个镜像；
      load      Load an image from a tar archive or STDIN
      # 登陆Docker注册服务器(上传镜像需要先登录)；
      login     Log in to a Docker registry
      # 登出Docker注册服务器(注销)；
      logout    Log out from a Docker registry
      # 获取一个容器的日志信息；
      logs      Fetch the logs of a container
      # 管理容器的网络配置；
      network   Manage Docker networks
      # 暂停一个容器内的所有进程；
      pause     Pause all processes within a container
      # 列出一个容器的端口映射或一个特定映射的信息；
      port      List port mappings or a specific mapping for the CONTAINER
      # 列出所有的容器；
      ps        List containers
      # 从注册服务器的仓库中拉取一个镜像；
      pull      Pull an image or a repository from a registry
      # 向注册服务器的仓库中上传一个镜像；
      push      Push an image or a repository to a registry
      # 将一个容器重命名；
      rename    Rename a container
      # 重启一个容器；
      restart   Restart a container
      # 删除一个或多个容器；
      rm        Remove one or more containers
      # 删除一个或多个镜像；
      rmi       Remove one or more images
      # 在一个新的容器中运行一个命令；
      run       Run a command in a new container
      # 将一个或多个镜像保存为一个tar包；
      save      Save one or more images to a tar archive
      # 在Docker Hub中搜索镜像；
      search    Search the Docker Hub for images
      # 启动一个或多个暂停的容器；
      start     Start one or more stopped containers
      # 动态显示容器资源的使用情况；例如“docker stats 8981”信息如下：
      # CONTAINER CPU %  MEM USAGE/LIMIT   MEM %  NET I/O          BLOCK I/O    PIDS
      # 8981      0.00%  3.551MB/4.145GB   0.09%  509.6kB/14.15MB  2.028MB/0 B  0
      stats     Display a live stream of container(s) resource usage statistics
      # 停止一个正在运行的容器；
      stop      Stop a running container
      # 修改本地仓库中镜像的标签；
      tag       Tag an image into a repository
      # 显示一个容器中正在运行的进程；
      top       Display the running processes of a container
      # 解除一个容器中所有进程的暂停状态；
      unpause   Unpause all processes within a container
      # 更新一个或多个容器的配置；
      update    Update configuration of one or more containers
      # 显示Docker的版本信息(详细)
      version   Show the Docker version information
      # 管理Docker的数据卷；
      volume    Manage Docker volumes
      # 阻塞,直到一个容器停止,然后输出它的退出代码
      wait      Block until a container stops, then print its exit code
  
  # 运行“docker COMMAND --help”获取更多的指令信息，如指令的用途与参数的详细解释。
  Run 'docker COMMAND --help' for more information on a command.
  

• 举例说明；
  想要查看run命令的使用方法和参数含义-“docker run --help”。

  docker run --help

  返回信息-run命令的用法说明；

  Usage:  docker run [OPTIONS] IMAGE [COMMAND] [ARG...]
  
  Run a command in a new container

  返回信息-run命令的参数说明；

   -a, --attach=[]                 Attach to STDIN, STDOUT or STDERR
   --add-host=[]                   Add a custom host-to-IP mapping (host:ip)
   --blkio-weight                  Block IO (relative weight), between 10 and 1000
   --blkio-weight-device=[]        Block IO weight (relative device weight)
   --cpu-shares                    CPU shares (relative weight)
   --cap-add=[]                    Add Linux capabilities
   --cap-drop=[]                   Drop Linux capabilities
   --cgroup-parent                 Optional parent cgroup for the container
   --cidfile                       Write the container ID to the file
   --cpu-period                    Limit CPU CFS (Completely Fair Scheduler) period
   --cpu-quota                     Limit CPU CFS (Completely Fair Scheduler) quota
   --cpuset-cpus                   CPUs in which to allow execution (0-3, 0,1)
   --cpuset-mems                   MEMs in which to allow execution (0-3, 0,1)
   -d, --detach                    Run container in background and print container ID
   --detach-keys                   Override the key sequence for detaching a container
   --device=[]                     Add a host device to the container
   --device-read-bps=[]            Limit read rate (bytes per second) from a device
   --device-read-iops=[]           Limit read rate (IO per second) from a device
   --device-write-bps=[]           Limit write rate (bytes per second) to a device
   --device-write-iops=[]          Limit write rate (IO per second) to a device
   --disable-content-trust=true    Skip image verification
   --dns=[]                        Set custom DNS servers
   --dns-opt=[]                    Set DNS options
   --dns-search=[]                 Set custom DNS search domains
   -e, --env=[]                    Set environment variables
   --entrypoint                    Overwrite the default ENTRYPOINT of the image
   --env-file=[]                   Read in a file of environment variables
   --expose=[]                     Expose a port or a range of ports
   --group-add=[]                  Add additional groups to join
   -h, --hostname                  Container host name
   --help                          Print usage
   -i, --interactive               Keep STDIN open even if not attached
   --ip                            Container IPv4 address (e.g. 172.30.100.104)
   --ip6                           Container IPv6 address (e.g. 2001:db8::33)
   --ipc                           IPC namespace to use
   --isolation                     Container isolation technology
   --kernel-memory                 Kernel memory limit
   -l, --label=[]                  Set meta data on a container
   --label-file=[]                 Read in a line delimited file of labels
   --link=[]                       Add link to another container
   --log-driver                    Logging driver for container
   --log-opt=[]                    Log driver options
   -m, --memory                    Memory limit
   --mac-address                   Container MAC address (e.g. 92:d0:c6:0a:29:33)
   --memory-reservation            Memory soft limit
   --memory-swap                   Swap limit equal to memory plus swap: '-1' to enable unlimited swap
   --memory-swappiness=-1          Tune container memory swappiness (0 to 100)
   --name                          Assign a name to the container
   --net=default                   Connect a container to a network
   --net-alias=[]                  Add network-scoped alias for the container
   --oom-kill-disable              Disable OOM Killer
   --oom-score-adj                 Tune host's OOM preferences (-1000 to 1000)
   -P, --publish-all               Publish all exposed ports to random ports
   -p, --publish=[]                Publish a container's port(s) to the host
   --pid                           PID namespace to use
   --pids-limit                    Tune container pids limit (set -1 for unlimited)
   --privileged                    Give extended privileges to this container
   --read-only                     Mount the container's root filesystem as read only
   --restart=no                    Restart policy to apply when a container exits
   --rm                            Automatically remove the container when it exits
   --security-opt=[]               Security Options
   --shm-size                      Size of /dev/shm, default value is 64MB
   --sig-proxy=true                Proxy received signals to the process
   --stop-signal=SIGTERM           Signal to stop a container, SIGTERM by default
   -t, --tty                       Allocate a pseudo-TTY
   --tmpfs=[]                      Mount a tmpfs directory
   -u, --user                      Username or UID (format: [:])
   --ulimit=[]                     Ulimit options
   --userns                        User namespace to use
   --uts                           UTS namespace to use
   -v, --volume=[]                 Bind mount a volume
   --volume-driver                 Optional volume driver for the container
   --volumes-from=[]               Mount volumes from the specified container(s)
   -w, --workdir                   Working directory inside the container
  

• 查看Docker守护进程的模式配置的帮助信息；

  docker daemon --help
  

  用法说明；

  Usage:  docker daemon [OPTIONS]
  
  Enable daemon mode

  参数说明；

   --api-cors-header                        Set CORS headers in the remote API
   --authorization-plugin=[]                List authorization plugins in order from first evaluator to last
   -b, --bridge                             Attach containers to a network bridge
   --bip                                    Specify network bridge IP
   --cgroup-parent                          Set parent cgroup for all containers
   --cluster-advertise                      Address or interface name to advertise
   --cluster-store                          Set the cluster store
   --cluster-store-opt=map[]                Set cluster store options
   --config-file=/etc/docker/daemon.json    Daemon configuration file
   --containerd                             Path to containerd socket
   -D, --debug                              Enable debug mode
   --default-gateway                        Container default gateway IPv4 address
   --default-gateway-v6                     Container default gateway IPv6 address
   --default-ulimit=[]                      Set default ulimits for containers
   --disable-legacy-registry                Do not contact legacy registries
   --dns=[]                                 DNS server to use
   --dns-opt=[]                             DNS options to use
   --dns-search=[]                          DNS search domains to use
   --exec-opt=[]                            Set runtime execution options
   --exec-root=/var/run/docker              Root directory for execution state files
   --fixed-cidr                             IPv4 subnet for fixed IPs
   --fixed-cidr-v6                          IPv6 subnet for fixed IPs
   -G, --group=docker                       Group for the unix socket
   -g, --graph=/var/lib/docker              Root of the Docker runtime
   -H, --host=[]                            Daemon socket(s) to connect to
   --help                                   Print usage
   --icc=true                               Enable inter-container communication
   --insecure-registry=[]                   Enable insecure registry communication
   --ip=0.0.0.0                             Default IP when binding container ports
   --ip-forward=true                        Enable net.ipv4.ip_forward
   --ip-masq=true                           Enable IP masquerading
   --iptables=true                          Enable addition of iptables rules
   --ipv6                                   Enable IPv6 networking
   -l, --log-level=info                     Set the logging level
   --label=[]                               Set key=value labels to the daemon
   --log-driver=json-file                   Default driver for container logs
   --log-opt=map[]                          Set log driver options
   --mtu                                    Set the containers network MTU
   -p, --pidfile=/var/run/docker.pid        Path to use for daemon PID file
   --raw-logs                               Full timestamps without ANSI coloring
   --registry-mirror=[]                     Preferred Docker registry mirror
   -s, --storage-driver                     Storage driver to use
   --selinux-enabled                        Enable selinux support
   --storage-opt=[]                         Set storage driver options
   --tls                                    Use TLS; implied by --tlsverify
   --tlscacert=~/.docker/ca.pem             Trust certs signed only by this CA
   --tlscert=~/.docker/cert.pem             Path to TLS certificate file
   --tlskey=~/.docker/key.pem               Path to TLS key file
   --tlsverify                              Use TLS and verify the remote
   --userland-proxy=true                    Use userland proxy for loopback traffic
   --userns-remap                           User/Group setting for user namespaces