直接看 get 请求操作 。
public String httpGet(String url, String params) throws Exception{
String result=""; //返回信息
if (null!=params&&!params.equals(""))
{
url += "?" + params;
}
//创建一个httpGet请求
HttpGet request=new HttpGet(url);
//创建一个htt客户端
HttpClient httpClient=new DefaultHttpClient();
//接受客户端发回的响应
HttpResponse httpResponse=httpClient.execute(request);
int statusCode=httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
if(statusCode==HttpStatus.SC_OK){
//得到客户段响应的实体内容
HttpEntity responseHttpEntity=httpResponse.getEntity();
//得到输入流
InputStream in=responseHttpEntity.getContent();
//得到输入流的内容
result=getData(in);
}
Log.d(TAG, statusCode+"");
return result;
}
post 操作
/**
* 读取返回的信息
* @param in
* @return
*/
private String getData(InputStream in) {
String result="";
StringBuilder sb=new StringBuilder();
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in));
String line = "";
try {
while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
//result = result + line;
sb.append(line);
}
br.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (result != null) {
try {
br.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
return sb.toString();
}
**
* 输入流转换成字符串
* @param is: 输入流
* @return 字符串对象
*/
private static String InputStreamToString(InputStream is){
BufferedReader reader = null;
StringBuffer responseText = null;
String readerText = null;
try {
reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is, "UTF-8"));
responseText = new StringBuffer();
readerText = reader.readLine();
while(readerText != null){
responseText.append(readerText);
responseText.append(System.getProperty("line.separator"));
readerText = reader.readLine();
}
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return responseText.toString();
}
/**
* 将cookie写入指定文件
* @param cookies: cookie
* @param fileName: 文件名
*/
private static void write(Cookie[] cookies, String fileName){
try {
String path = System.getProperty("user.home") + "\\" + fileName;
File file = new File(path);
BufferedWriter bw = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(file));
for(Cookie c : cookies){
bw.append(c.toString());
bw.append(System.getProperty("line.separator"));
}
bw.flush();
bw.close();
Runtime.getRuntime().exec("explorer " + path + "");
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
如何 post json格式的数据,并附加http头,接受返回数据,请看下面的代码:
[java] view plaincopy
private void HttpPostData() {
try {
HttpClient httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient();
String uri = "http://www.yourweb.com";
HttpPost httppost = new HttpPost(uri);
//添加http头信息
httppost.addHeader("Authorization", "your token"); //认证token
httppost.addHeader("Content-Type", "application/json");
httppost.addHeader("User-Agent", "imgfornote");
//http post的json数据格式: {"name": "your name","parentId": "id_of_parent"}
JSONObject obj = new JSONObject();
obj.put("name", "your name");
obj.put("parentId", "your parentid");
httppost.setEntity(new StringEntity(obj.toString()));
HttpResponse response;
response = httpclient.execute(httppost);
//检验状态码,如果成功接收数据
int code = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
if (code == 200) {
String rev = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity());//返回json格式: {"id": "27JpL~j4vsL0LX00E00005","version": "abc"}
obj = new JSONObject(rev);
String id = obj.getString("id");
String version = obj.getString("version");
}
} catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
} catch (IOException e) {
} catch (Exception e) {
}
}
主要用到的类有:org.apache.http.client.HttpClient 、org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost 和 org.json.JSONObject
请求行 ,是一个方法符号开头 ,后面跟着请求 URI和协议的版本, 以CRLF作为结尾 . 请求后以空格分隔. 除了作为结尾的 CRLF(回车换行)外,不允许出现单独的CR和LF字符,格式如下:
package cc.unmi.httpclient;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.Cookie;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpClient;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.cookie.CookiePolicy;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.GetMethod;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.PostMethod;
import org.junit.Test;
public class HttpClientLogin {
public static void main(String[] args){
//登陆 Url
String loginUrl = "http://localhost/unmi/login.html";
//需登陆后访问的 Url
String dataUrl = "http://localhost/unmi/user_info.html?userid=123456";
HttpClient httpClient = new HttpClient();
//模拟登陆,按实际服务器端要求选用 Post 或 Get 请求方式
PostMethod postMethod = new PostMethod(loginUrl);
//设置登陆时要求的信息,一般就用户名和密码,验证码自己处理了
NameValuePair[] data = {
new NameValuePair("username", "Unmi"),
new NameValuePair("password", "123456"),
new NameValuePair("code", "anyany")
};
postMethod.setRequestBody(data);
try {
//设置 HttpClient 接收 Cookie,用与浏览器一样的策略
httpClient.getParams().setCookiePolicy(CookiePolicy.BROWSER_COMPATIBILITY);
httpClient.executeMethod(postMethod);
//获得登陆后的 Cookie
Cookie[] cookies=httpClient.getState().getCookies();
String tmpcookies= "";
for(Cookie c:cookies){
tmpcookies += c.toString()+";";
}
//进行登陆后的操作
GetMethod getMethod = new GetMethod(dataUrl);
//每次访问需授权的网址时需带上前面的 cookie 作为通行证
getMethod.setRequestHeader("cookie",tmpcookies);
//你还可以通过 PostMethod/GetMethod 设置更多的请求后数据
//例如,referer 从哪里来的,UA 像搜索引擎都会表名自己是谁,无良搜索引擎除外
postMethod.setRequestHeader("Referer", "http://unmi.cc");
postMethod.setRequestHeader("User-Agent","Unmi Spot");
httpClient.executeMethod(getMethod);
//打印出返回数据,检验一下是否成功
String text = getMethod.getResponseBodyAsString();
System.out.println(text);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
Basic 验证的简单代码导引,还未亲试:
HttpClient client = new HttpClient();
// 1
client.getState().setCredentials(
new AuthScope("unmi.cc", 80, AuthScope.ANY_REALM),
new UsernamePasswordCredentials("username", "password")
);
// 2
client.getParams().setAuthenticationPreemptive(true);
// 3
GetMethod getMothod = new GetMethod("http://unmi.cc/twitter");
// 4
getMothod.setDoAuthentication( true );
// 5
int status = client.executeMethod( getMothod );
ttpClient post方法 解析json数据(向服务器传递,接受服务器传递))
public class json extends Activity {
public Context context;
private TextView textView1;
public static String URL = "http://webservice.webxml.com.cn/WebServices/WeatherWebService.asmx?wsdl";
private DefaultHttpClient httpClient;
StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder();
private static final int TIMEOUT = 60;
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
HttpParams paramsw = createHttpParams();
httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient(paramsw);
HttpPost post = new HttpPost( "http://webservice.webxml.com.cn/WebServices/WeatherWebService.asmx?wsdl");
List params = new ArrayList();
params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("name", "this is post"));
try {
//向服务器写json
JSONObject json = new JSONObject();
Object email = null;
json.put("email", email);
Object pwd = null;
json.put("password", pwd);
StringEntity se = new StringEntity( "JSON: " + json.toString());
se.setContentEncoding(new BasicHeader(HTTP.CONTENT_TYPE, "application/json"));
post.setEntity(se);
post.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(params, HTTP.UTF_8));
HttpResponse httpResponse = httpClient.execute(post);
int httpCode = httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
if (httpCode == HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK&&httpResponse!=null) {
Header[] headers = httpResponse.getAllHeaders();
HttpEntity entity = httpResponse.getEntity();
Header header = httpResponse.getFirstHeader("content-type");
//读取服务器返回的json数据(接受json服务器数据)
InputStream inputStream = entity.getContent();
InputStreamReader inputStreamReader = new InputStreamReader(inputStream);
BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(inputStreamReader);// 读字符串用的。
String s;
while (((s = reader.readLine()) != null)) {
result.append(s);
}
reader.close();// 关闭输入流
//在这里把result这个字符串个给JSONObject。解读里面的内容。
JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject(result.toString());
String re_username = jsonObject.getString("username");
String re_password = jsonObject.getString("password");
int re_user_id = jsonObject.getInt("user_id");
setTitle("用户id_"+re_user_id);
Log.v("url response", "true="+re_username);
Log.v("url response", "true="+re_password);
} else {
textView1.setText("Error Response" + httpResponse.getStatusLine().toString());
}
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
} catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
} catch (IOException e) {
} catch (JSONException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (httpClient != null) {
httpClient.getConnectionManager().shutdown();// 最后关掉链接。
httpClient = null;
}
}
}
public static final HttpParams createHttpParams() {
final HttpParams params = new BasicHttpParams();
HttpConnectionParams.setStaleCheckingEnabled(params, false);
HttpConnectionParams.setConnectionTimeout(params, TIMEOUT * 1000);
HttpConnectionParams.setSoTimeout(params, TIMEOUT * 1000);
HttpConnectionParams.setSocketBufferSize(params, 8192 * 5);
return params;
}
}
HttpClient程序包是一个实现了 HTTP 协议的客户端编程工具包,要想熟练的掌握它,必须熟悉 HTTP协议。一个最简单的调用如下:
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import org.apache.http.Header;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.client.params.CookiePolicy;
import org.apache.http.client.params.ClientPNames;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.protocol.HTTP;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
public class Test2 {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
DefaultHttpClient httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient(); //实例化一个HttpClient
HttpResponse response = null;
HttpEntity entity = null;
httpclient.getParams().setParameter(
ClientPNames.COOKIE_POLICY, CookiePolicy.BROWSER_COMPATIBILITY); //设置cookie的兼容性
HttpPost httpost = new HttpPost("http://127.0.0.1:8080/pub/jsp/getInfo"); //引号中的参数是:servlet的地址
List nvps = new ArrayList ();
nvps.add(new BasicNameValuePair("jqm", "fb1f7cbdaf2bf0a9cb5d43736492640e0c4c0cd0232da9de"));
// BasicNameValuePair("name", "value"), name是post方法里的属性, value是传入的参数值
nvps.add(new BasicNameValuePair("sqm", "1bb5b5b45915c8"));
httpost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nvps, HTTP.UTF_8)); //将参数传入post方法中
response = httpclient.execute(httpost); //执行
entity = response.getEntity(); //返回服务器响应
try{
System.out.println("----------------------------------------");
System.out.println(response.getStatusLine()); //服务器返回状态
Header[] headers = response.getAllHeaders(); //返回的HTTP头信息
for (int i=0; i
HttpClient4.0 学习实例 - 页面获取
package com.baihuo.crawler.test;
import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
import org.apache.http.Header;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpHost;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
class HttpClientTest {
public final static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
// 初始化,此处构造函数就与3.1中不同
HttpClient httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient();
HttpHost targetHost = new HttpHost("www.google.cn");
//HttpGet httpget = new HttpGet("http://www.apache.org/");
HttpGet httpget = new HttpGet("/");
// 查看默认request头部信息
System.out.println("Accept-Charset:" + httpget.getFirstHeader("Accept-Charset"));
// 以下这条如果不加会发现无论你设置Accept-Charset为gbk还是utf-8,他都会默认返回gb2312(本例针对google.cn来说)
httpget.setHeader("User-Agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; zh-CN; rv:1.9.1.2)");
// 用逗号分隔显示可以同时接受多种编码
httpget.setHeader("Accept-Language", "zh-cn,zh;q=0.5");
httpget.setHeader("Accept-Charset", "GB2312,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.7");
// 验证头部信息设置生效
System.out.println("Accept-Charset:" + httpget.getFirstHeader("Accept-Charset").getValue());
// Execute HTTP request
System.out.println("executing request " + httpget.getURI());
HttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(targetHost, httpget);
//HttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httpget);
System.out.println("----------------------------------------");
System.out.println("Location: " + response.getLastHeader("Location"));
System.out.println(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());
System.out.println(response.getLastHeader("Content-Type"));
System.out.println(response.getLastHeader("Content-Length"));
System.out.println("----------------------------------------");
// 判断页面返回状态判断是否进行转向抓取新链接
int statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
if ((statusCode == HttpStatus.SC_MOVED_PERMANENTLY) ||
(statusCode == HttpStatus.SC_MOVED_TEMPORARILY) ||
(statusCode == HttpStatus.SC_SEE_OTHER) ||
(statusCode == HttpStatus.SC_TEMPORARY_REDIRECT)) {
// 此处重定向处理 此处还未验证
String newUri = response.getLastHeader("Location").getValue();
httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient();
httpget = new HttpGet(newUri);
response = httpclient.execute(httpget);
}
// Get hold of the response entity
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
// 查看所有返回头部信息
Header headers[] = response.getAllHeaders();
int ii = 0;
while (ii < headers.length) {
System.out.println(headers[ii].getName() + ": " + headers[ii].getValue());
++ii;
}
// If the response does not enclose an entity, there is no need
// to bother about connection release
if (entity != null) {
// 将源码流保存在一个byte数组当中,因为可能需要两次用到该流,
byte[] bytes = EntityUtils.toByteArray(entity);
String charSet = "";
// 如果头部Content-Type中包含了编码信息,那么我们可以直接在此处获取
charSet = EntityUtils.getContentCharSet(entity);
System.out.println("In header: " + charSet);
// 如果头部中没有,那么我们需要 查看页面源码,这个方法虽然不能说完全正确,因为有些粗糙的网页编码者没有在页面中写头部编码信息
if (charSet == "") {
regEx="(?=