Android 高级工程师进阶 ~ 网易云课堂 学习笔记
组件化架构
什么是组件化?
项目发展到一定的程度,随着业务和人员的增多,代码会越来越臃肿,维护难度越来越大,这时候就必须
将模块拆分成更小的组件,达到降低耦合,代码复用的目的
相比模块而言,组件化偏功能导向,颗粒度更小,模块偏业务导向,一个模块可以包含多个组件。
组件化使用场景
几乎任何项目都可以进行组件化开发,尤其适合业务功能复杂的大型项目
大型企业,实现团队协作开发项目
组件化优点:
实现代码解耦,复用,是代码更加清晰
有利于团队协作开发,开发人员之间职责明确,互不干扰
加快编译速度,提高开发效率,降低项目维护难度。
组件化不足
在Application 与 Library 之间切换时,对一些注入框架支持不友好,比如 ButterKnife
作为Application运行时,不适合在Application中定义方法。
组件化需要解决的问题
1,统一管理项目开发环境
使用gradle.properties 配置编译环境属性,例如 compileSdkVersion 等
2,组件需要满足单独运行与调试的要求
可以作为一个Application单独运行与调试
3,实现组件之间的界面跳转和数据传递
为组件创建中间层接口,每个组件需要提供各自的实现
4,组件相互之间的集成调试,包括只依赖部分组件
在 gradle.properties 中配置组件是否独立运行属性,通过调整属性值为 false实现集成调试
5,组件中Application的使用
在APP 组件中通过反射实例化组件的Application对象
6,组件之间实现代码隔离,资源文件隔离
在APP组件中使用runtimeOnly 依赖组件实现代码隔离,在组件中使用resourcePrefix '组件名_'实现资源文件隔离。
先创建 两个 module A 比如 logincomponent moduleB 比如 minecomponent
创建 一个 baselibrary 比如 componentlib2
课程地址:
https://study.163.com/course/courseLearn.htm?courseId=1209338869#/learn/live?lessonId=1279077413&courseId=1209338869
直接撸代码 :
组件化项目整体结构
apply plugin: 'com.android.library'
android {
compileSdkVersion 28
defaultConfig {
minSdkVersion 15
targetSdkVersion 28
versionCode 1
versionName "1.0"
testInstrumentationRunner "android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
}
buildTypes {
release {
minifyEnabled false
proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android-optimize.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
}
}
}
dependencies {
implementation fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
implementation 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:28.0.0'
testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.12'
androidTestImplementation 'com.android.support.test:runner:1.0.2'
androidTestImplementation 'com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.0.2'
}
package com.example.componentlib2;
public class AppConfig {
public static final String[] COMPONENTS = {
"com.example.logincomponent.LoginApplication",
"com.example.minecomponent.MineApplication"
};
}
package com.example.componentlib2;
import android.app.Application;
public interface IAppComponent {
void initalliza(Application app);
}
package com.example.componentlib2;
import android.content.Context;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v4.app.Fragment;
import android.support.v4.app.FragmentManager;
public interface ILoginService {
// 跳转 从主 app 跳转到 login app
void launch(Context context, String targetClass);
//获取数据主app从login app 获取返回数据并显示
Fragment newUserInfoFragment(FragmentManager fragmentManager, int viewId, Bundle bundle);
}
package com.example.componentlib2;
import android.content.Context;
public interface IMineService {
void launch(Context context,int userId);
}
package com.example.componentlib2;
public class ServiceFactory {
private static final ServiceFactory instance = new ServiceFactory();
public static ServiceFactory getInstance() {
return instance;
}
private ServiceFactory() {
}
private ILoginService mLoginService;
private IMineService mMineService;
public ILoginService getLoginService() {
return mLoginService;
}
public void setLoginService(ILoginService mLoginService) {
this.mLoginService = mLoginService;
}
public IMineService getMineService() {
return mMineService;
}
public void setMineService(IMineService mMineService) {
this.mMineService = mMineService;
}
}
package com.example.logincomponent;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
public class LoginActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
public static String EXTRA_TARGET_CLASS = "extra_target_class";
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.login_main);
}
}
package com.example.logincomponent;
import android.app.Application;
import com.example.componentlib2.IAppComponent;
import com.example.componentlib2.ServiceFactory;
public class LoginApplication extends Application implements IAppComponent {
private static Application application;
public static Application getApplication() {
return application;
}
// 当 login 是 application 的时候 调用 initalliza 方法时,上下文指向的就是 LoginApplication
@Override
public void onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
initalliza(this);
}
//当 login是 lib 的时候 被主 App 调用被赋值
@Override
public void initalliza(Application app) {
application = app;
ServiceFactory.getInstance().setLoginService(new LoginService());
}
}
package com.example.logincomponent;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v4.app.Fragment;
import android.support.v4.app.FragmentManager;
import com.example.componentlib2.ILoginService;
public class LoginService implements ILoginService {
@Override
public void launch(Context context, String targetClass) {
Intent intent = new Intent(context, LoginActivity.class);
intent.putExtra(LoginActivity.EXTRA_TARGET_CLASS, targetClass);
context.startActivity(intent);
}
@Override
public Fragment newUserInfoFragment(FragmentManager fragmentManager, int viewId, Bundle bundle) {
UserInfoFragment fragment = new UserInfoFragment();
fragment.setArguments(bundle);
fragmentManager.beginTransaction().add(viewId, fragment).commit();
return fragment;
}
}
package com.example.logincomponent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.annotation.NonNull;
import android.support.annotation.Nullable;
import android.support.v4.app.Fragment;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
public class UserInfoFragment extends Fragment {
@Nullable
@Override
public View onCreateView(@NonNull LayoutInflater inflater, @Nullable ViewGroup container, @Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
return inflater.inflate(R.layout.userinfo_fragment, null);
}
}
package com.example.minecomponent;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
public class MineActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.mineactivity_main);
}
}
package com.example.minecomponent;
import android.app.Application;
import com.example.componentlib2.IAppComponent;
import com.example.componentlib2.ServiceFactory;
public class MineApplication extends Application implements IAppComponent {
private static Application application;
public static Application getApplication() {
return application;
}
@Override
public void onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
initalliza(this);
}
@Override
public void initalliza(Application app) {
application = app;
ServiceFactory.getInstance().setMineService(new MineService());
}
}
package com.example.minecomponent;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import com.example.componentlib2.IMineService;
public class MineService implements IMineService {
@Override
public void launch(Context context, int userId) {
Intent intent = new Intent(context, MineActivity.class);
intent.putExtra("ID", userId);
context.startActivity(intent);
}
}
源码地址:
https://github.com/yoyo0316/StudyDemo/commit/a3165ddbfa04284ca472e423c3242c47d50748ad
其他组件化 相关文章
https://www.jianshu.com/p/ba32488f9555
https://blog.csdn.net/jj583500596/article/details/81362695