利用MRG_MyISAM存储引擎实现分表

1)MySQL官方文档中的一段话:MERGE存储引擎,也被认识为MRG_MyISAM引擎,是一个相同的可以被当作一个来用的MyISAM表的集合."相同"意味着所有表同样的列和索引信息.你不能合并列被以不同顺序列于其中的表,没有恰好同样列的表,或有不同顺序索引的表.而且,任何或者所有的表可以用myisampack来压缩.

mysql> show engines;

+--------------------+---------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------+------+------------+
| Engine             | Support | Comment                                                                    | Transactions | XA   | Savepoints |
+--------------------+---------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------+------+------------+
| MRG_MYISAM         | YES     | Collection of identical MyISAM tables                                      | NO           | NO   | NO         |
| CSV                | YES     | CSV storage engine                                                         | NO           | NO   | NO         |
| PERFORMANCE_SCHEMA | YES     | Performance Schema                                                         | NO           | NO   | NO         |
| BLACKHOLE          | YES     | /dev/null storage engine (anything you write to it disappears)             | NO           | NO   | NO         |
| MyISAM             | YES     | MyISAM storage engine                                                      | NO           | NO   | NO         |
| MEMORY             | YES     | Hash based, stored in memory, useful for temporary tables                  | NO           | NO   | NO         |
| ARCHIVE            | YES     | Archive storage engine                                                     | NO           | NO   | NO         |
| InnoDB             | DEFAULT | Percona-XtraDB, Supports transactions, row-level locking, and foreign keys | YES          | YES  | YES        |
| FEDERATED          | NO      | Federated MySQL storage engine                                             | NULL         | NULL | NULL       |
+--------------------+---------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------+------+------------+
9 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>
 CREATE TABLE t_api_access_flow_merge_1 (
  `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `access_time` datetime DEFAULT NULL,
  `customer_id` bigint(20) DEFAULT NULL,
  `device` varchar(32) DEFAULT NULL,
  `failure_reason` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  `imei` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL,
  `ip_address` varchar(15) DEFAULT NULL,
  `request_url` varchar(128) DEFAULT NULL,
  `success_flag` bit(1) NOT NULL,
  `token` text,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
  KEY `customerId_requestRrl` (`customer_id`,`request_url`),
  KEY `access_time_index` (`access_time`)
) ENGINE=MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT=959904280 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;


 CREATE TABLE t_api_access_flow_merge_2 (
  `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `access_time` datetime DEFAULT NULL,
  `customer_id` bigint(20) DEFAULT NULL,
  `device` varchar(32) DEFAULT NULL,
  `failure_reason` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  `imei` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL,
  `ip_address` varchar(15) DEFAULT NULL,
  `request_url` varchar(128) DEFAULT NULL,
  `success_flag` bit(1) NOT NULL,
  `token` text,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
  KEY `customerId_requestRrl` (`customer_id`,`request_url`),
  KEY `access_time_index` (`access_time`)
) ENGINE=MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT=959904280 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;


 CREATE TABLE t_api_access_flow_merge_3 (
  `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `access_time` datetime DEFAULT NULL,
  `customer_id` bigint(20) DEFAULT NULL,
  `device` varchar(32) DEFAULT NULL,
  `failure_reason` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  `imei` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL,
  `ip_address` varchar(15) DEFAULT NULL,
  `request_url` varchar(128) DEFAULT NULL,
  `success_flag` bit(1) NOT NULL,
  `token` text,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
  KEY `customerId_requestRrl` (`customer_id`,`request_url`),
  KEY `access_time_index` (`access_time`)
) ENGINE=MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT=959904280 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;


 CREATE TABLE t_api_access_flow_merge_4 (
  `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `access_time` datetime DEFAULT NULL,
  `customer_id` bigint(20) DEFAULT NULL,
  `device` varchar(32) DEFAULT NULL,
  `failure_reason` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  `imei` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL,
  `ip_address` varchar(15) DEFAULT NULL,
  `request_url` varchar(128) DEFAULT NULL,
  `success_flag` bit(1) NOT NULL,
  `token` text,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
  KEY `customerId_requestRrl` (`customer_id`,`request_url`),
  KEY `access_time_index` (`access_time`)
) ENGINE=MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT=959904280 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

 CREATE TABLE t_api_access_flow_merge_5 (
  `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `access_time` datetime DEFAULT NULL,
  `customer_id` bigint(20) DEFAULT NULL,
  `device` varchar(32) DEFAULT NULL,
  `failure_reason` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  `imei` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL,
  `ip_address` varchar(15) DEFAULT NULL,
  `request_url` varchar(128) DEFAULT NULL,
  `success_flag` bit(1) NOT NULL,
  `token` text,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
  KEY `customerId_requestRrl` (`customer_id`,`request_url`),
  KEY `access_time_index` (`access_time`)
) ENGINE=MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT=959904280 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;


 CREATE TABLE t_api_access_flow_merge_6 (
  `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `access_time` datetime DEFAULT NULL,
  `customer_id` bigint(20) DEFAULT NULL,
  `device` varchar(32) DEFAULT NULL,
  `failure_reason` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  `imei` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL,
  `ip_address` varchar(15) DEFAULT NULL,
  `request_url` varchar(128) DEFAULT NULL,
  `success_flag` bit(1) NOT NULL,
  `token` text,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
  KEY `customerId_requestRrl` (`customer_id`,`request_url`),
  KEY `access_time_index` (`access_time`)
) ENGINE=MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT=959904280 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

 CREATE TABLE t_api_access_flow_merge_7 (
  `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `access_time` datetime DEFAULT NULL,
  `customer_id` bigint(20) DEFAULT NULL,
  `device` varchar(32) DEFAULT NULL,
  `failure_reason` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  `imei` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL,
  `ip_address` varchar(15) DEFAULT NULL,
  `request_url` varchar(128) DEFAULT NULL,
  `success_flag` bit(1) NOT NULL,
  `token` text,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
  KEY `customerId_requestRrl` (`customer_id`,`request_url`),
  KEY `access_time_index` (`access_time`)
) ENGINE=MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT=959904280 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;


 CREATE TABLE t_api_access_flow_merge_8 (
  `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `access_time` datetime DEFAULT NULL,
  `customer_id` bigint(20) DEFAULT NULL,
  `device` varchar(32) DEFAULT NULL,
  `failure_reason` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  `imei` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL,
  `ip_address` varchar(15) DEFAULT NULL,
  `request_url` varchar(128) DEFAULT NULL,
  `success_flag` bit(1) NOT NULL,
  `token` text,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
  KEY `customerId_requestRrl` (`customer_id`,`request_url`),
  KEY `access_time_index` (`access_time`)
) ENGINE=MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT=959904280 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

 CREATE TABLE t_api_access_flow_merge_9 (
  `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `access_time` datetime DEFAULT NULL,
  `customer_id` bigint(20) DEFAULT NULL,
  `device` varchar(32) DEFAULT NULL,
  `failure_reason` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  `imei` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL,
  `ip_address` varchar(15) DEFAULT NULL,
  `request_url` varchar(128) DEFAULT NULL,
  `success_flag` bit(1) NOT NULL,
  `token` text,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
  KEY `customerId_requestRrl` (`customer_id`,`request_url`),
  KEY `access_time_index` (`access_time`)
) ENGINE=MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT=959904280 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;


 CREATE TABLE t_api_access_flow_merge_10 (
  `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `access_time` datetime DEFAULT NULL,
  `customer_id` bigint(20) DEFAULT NULL,
  `device` varchar(32) DEFAULT NULL,
  `failure_reason` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  `imei` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL,
  `ip_address` varchar(15) DEFAULT NULL,
  `request_url` varchar(128) DEFAULT NULL,
  `success_flag` bit(1) NOT NULL,
  `token` text,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
  KEY `customerId_requestRrl` (`customer_id`,`request_url`),
  KEY `access_time_index` (`access_time`)
) ENGINE=MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT=959904280 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;


 CREATE TABLE t_api_access_flow_merge (
  `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `access_time` datetime DEFAULT NULL,
  `customer_id` bigint(20) DEFAULT NULL,
  `device` varchar(32) DEFAULT NULL,
  `failure_reason` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  `imei` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL,
  `ip_address` varchar(15) DEFAULT NULL,
  `request_url` varchar(128) DEFAULT NULL,
  `success_flag` bit(1) NOT NULL,
  `token` text,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
  KEY `customerId_requestRrl` (`customer_id`,`request_url`),
  KEY `access_time_index` (`access_time`)
) ENGINE=MRG_MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 UNION=(t_api_access_flow_merge_1,t_api_access_flow_merge_2,t_api_access_flow_merge_3,t_api_access_flow_merge_4,
                                                t_api_access_flow_merge_5,t_api_access_flow_merge_6,
                                                t_api_access_flow_merge_7,t_api_access_flow_merge_8,t_api_access_flow_merge_9,t_api_access_flow_merge_10
                                                ) INSERT_METHOD=LAST AUTO_INCREMENT=1;


iNSERT INTO t_api_access_flow_merge_1  SELECT * FROM `t_api_access_flowchangname201707210144`  where id <=100000000;


iNSERT INTO t_api_access_flow_merge_2  SELECT * FROM `t_api_access_flowchangname201707210144`  where id > 100000000  and id<=200000000;


iNSERT INTO t_api_access_flow_merge_3  SELECT * FROM `t_api_access_flowchangname201707210144`  where id > 200000000  and id<=300000000;


iNSERT INTO t_api_access_flow_merge_4  SELECT * FROM `t_api_access_flowchangname201707210144`  where id > 300000000  and id<=400000000;


iNSERT INTO t_api_access_flow_merge_5  SELECT * FROM `t_api_access_flowchangname201707210144`  where id > 400000000  and id<=500000000;


iNSERT INTO t_api_access_flow_merge_6  SELECT * FROM `t_api_access_flowchangname201707210144`  where id > 500000000  and id<=600000000;


iNSERT INTO t_api_access_flow_merge_7  SELECT * FROM `t_api_access_flowchangname201707210144`  where id > 600000000  and id<=700000000;


iNSERT INTO t_api_access_flow_merge_8  SELECT * FROM `t_api_access_flowchangname201707210144`  where id > 700000000  and id<=800000000;


iNSERT INTO t_api_access_flow_merge_9  SELECT * FROM `t_api_access_flowchangname201707210144`  where id > 800000000  and id<=900000000;


iNSERT INTO t_api_access_flow_merge_10  SELECT * FROM `t_api_access_flowchangname201707210144`  where id > 900000000   ;

insert into t_api_access_flow_merge  select * from `t_api_access_flowchangname201707210144` ;

mysql>SELECT COUNT(*) FROM  t_api_access_flow_merge_1 ;

+--------------------+
| COUNT(*)           |
+--------------------+
| 100000000          |
+--------------------+
共返回 1 行记录,花费 32775 ms.
mysql>SELECT COUNT(*) FROM  t_api_access_flow_merge_2 ;
+--------------------+
| COUNT(*)           |
+--------------------+
| 99999998           |
+--------------------+
共返回 1 行记录,花费 23939 ms.
mysql>SELECT COUNT(*) FROM  t_api_access_flow_merge_10 ;
+--------------------+
| COUNT(*)           |
+--------------------+
| 59904279           |
+--------------------+
共返回 1 行记录,花费 19950 ms.