shell图形界面-利用whiptail

经常看见在配置内核，配置根文件系统的时候看到这种菜单，还有Centos、中标麒麟自带的setup,突然很想自己也做一个，还有就是为了测试调用命令，感觉挺好的

查了一些资料，有几个可以写shell界面，whiptail，Zenity或者xdialog.，我看了一下，在ubuntu16.04中，有两个是自带的，一个是whiptail和Zenity,而xdialog是需要安装的。

现在从whiptail的开始

1、创建一个消息框

一个消息框中显示一个确认按钮继续任意的文本消息。

语法：

whiptail --title "" --msgbox ""

#!/bin/sh

if (whiptail --title "Test Yes/No Box" --yesno "Choose between Yes and No." 10 60) then

echo "You chose Yes. Exit status was $?."

else

echo "You chose No. Exit status was $?."

fi

 

2、创建一个yes/no对话框

用户输入yes或no的对话框。

语法：

whiptail --title "

" --yesno ""

实例：

#!/bin/bash

if (whiptail --title "Test Yes/No Box" --yesno "Choose between Yes and No." 10 60) then

echo "You chose Yes. Exit status was $?."

else

echo "You chose No. Exit status was $?."

fi

或者，你可以是“--yes-button” ,"--no-button"选项。

#!/bin/sh

if (whiptail --title "Test Yes/No Box" --yes-button "Skittles" --no-button "M&M's" --yesno "Which do you like better?" 10 60) then

echo "You chose Skittles Exit status was $?."

else

echo "You chose M&M's. Exit status was $?."

fi

3、创建一个表单输入框

如果你想用户输入任意的文本，您可以使用一个输入框。

语法：

whiptail --title "" --inputbox ""

实例：

#!/bin/sh

PET=$(whiptail --title "Test Free-form Input Box" --inputbox "What is your pet's name?" 10 60 Wigglebutt 3>&1 1>&2 2>&3)

exitstatus=$?

if [ $exitstatus = 0 ]; then

echo "Your pet name is:" $PET

else

echo "You chose Cancel."

fi

4、创建一个密码框

当用户需要输入敏感信息时密码框是有用的。

语法：

whiptail --title "" --passwordbox ""

实例：

#!/bin/sh

PASSWORD=$(whiptail --title "Test Password Box" --passwordbox "Enter your password and choose Ok to continue." 10 60 3>&1 1>&2 2>&3)

exitstatus=$?

if [ $exitstatus = 0 ]; then

echo "Your password is:" $PASSWORD

else

echo "You chose Cancel."

fi

5、创建一个菜单栏

当你想让用户选择一个任意数量的选择中，你可以使用菜单框。

语法：

whiptail --title "

" --menu "" [ ] . . .

实例：

#!/bin/sh

OPTION=$(whiptail --title "Test Menu Dialog" --menu "Choose your option" 15 60 4

"1" "Grilled Spicy Sausage"

"2" "Grilled Halloumi Cheese"

"3" "Charcoaled Chicken Wings"

"4" "Fried Aubergine" 3>&1 1>&2 2>&3)

exitstatus=$?

if [ $exitstatus = 0 ]; then

echo "Your chosen option:" $OPTION

else

echo "You chose Cancel."

fi

6、创建radiolist对话框

语法：

whiptail --title "" --radiolist "" [ ] . . .

实例：

#!/bin/sh

DISTROS=$(whiptail --title "Test Checklist Dialog" --radiolist

"What is the Linux distro of your choice?" 15 60 4

"debian" "Venerable Debian" ON

"ubuntu" "Popular Ubuntu" OFF

"centos" "Stable CentOS" OFF

"mint" "Rising Star Mint" OFF 3>&1 1>&2 2>&3)

exitstatus=$?

if [ $exitstatus = 0 ]; then

echo "The chosen distro is:" $DISTROS

else

echo "You chose Cancel."

fi

7、创建一个表对话框

当你想让用户选择一个列表中选择多个选项的清单对话框是有用的，radiolist对话框，只允许选择一个。

语法：

whiptail --title "" --checklist "" [ ] . . .

实例：

#!/bin/sh

DISTROS=$(whiptail --title "Test Checklist Dialog" --checklist

"Choose preferred Linux distros" 15 60 4

"debian" "Venerable Debian" ON

"ubuntu" "Popular Ubuntu" OFF

"centos" "Stable CentOS" ON

"mint" "Rising Star Mint" OFF 3>&1 1>&2 2>&3)

exitstatus=$?

if [ $exitstatus = 0 ]; then

echo "Your favorite distros are:" $DISTROS

else

echo "You chose Cancel."

fi

8、创建一个进度条(这个需要在bash运行，上面的是sh)

进度条是一个用户友好的对话框。whiptail从标准输入读取一个百分数（0～100），显示一个表内相应的计数。

语法：

whiptail --gauge ""

实例：

#!/bin/bash

{

for ((i = 0 ; i <= 100 ; i+=20)); do

sleep 1

echo $i

done

} | whiptail --gauge "Please wait while installing" 6 60 0