背景
系统中已存在以下三种类型的应用：
- 采用Spring boot开发
- 采用传统的Spring Web开发
- 采用CXF开发
随着系统复杂性增多，现在需要引入Zipkin来监测系统中各节点的链路耗时。
功能特性
- 采用Kafka作为数据收集器
- 支持Sleuth采集方式
- 支持Brave采集方式
- 采用ElasticSearch作为数据源
搭建Zipkin服务器
- maven 依赖
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-actuator
org.springframework.cloud
spring-cloud-stream-binder-kafka
org.springframework.cloud
spring-cloud-sleuth-zipkin-stream
io.zipkin.java
zipkin-autoconfigure-ui
${zipkin.version}
io.zipkin.java
zipkin-collector-kafka10
${zipkin.version}
io.zipkin.java
zipkin
${zipkin.version}
io.zipkin.java
zipkin-server
${zipkin.version}
io.zipkin.java
zipkin-autoconfigure-storage-elasticsearch-http
${zipkin.version}
org.apache.zookeeper
zookeeper
${zookeeper.version}
- Zipkin应用实例
@EnableZipkinStreamServer
@SpringBootApplication
public class Application {
@Autowired
private StorageComponent storageComponent;
@Autowired
private BraveKafka braveKafka;
@Bean
public KafkaCollector kafka() {
return KafkaCollector.builder()
.bootstrapServers(braveKafka.getBootstrapServers())
.topic(braveKafka.getTopic()).storage(storageComponent).build().start();
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
}
}
部署配置
spring:
application:
name: qianfan-zipkin
cloud:
stream:
kafka:
binder:
brokers: pgpool.hd.com:19092,pgdb1.hd.com:19092,pgdb2.hd.com:19092 #Sleuth方式收集
zkNodes: pgpool.hd.com:12181,pgdb1.hd.com:12181,pgdb2.hd.com:12181
bindings:
sleuth:
destination: sleuth-test #Sleuth方式收集
braveKafka:
bootstrapServers: ${spring.cloud.stream.kafka.binder.brokers}
topic: sleuth-test2 #Brave方式收集
zipkin:
storage:
elasticsearch:
cluster: xxxxxx
index: xxxxx
hosts: 118.xxx.xx.xx:9200
username: xxxxx
password: xxxxxxx
应用接入
Spring Boot接入
- 在maven中增加依赖
org.springframework.cloud
spring-cloud-starter-sleuth
org.springframework.cloud
spring-cloud-sleuth-stream
org.springframework.cloud
spring-cloud-stream-binder-kafka
org.apache.zookeeper
zookeeper
- 在application.yml中增加以下配置
spring:
cloud:
stream:
kafka:
binder:
brokers: pgpool.hd.com:19092,pgdb1.hd.com:19092,pgdb2.hd.com:19092
zkNodes: pgpool.hd.com:12181,pgdb1.hd.com:12181,pgdb2.hd.com:12181
bindings:
sleuth:
destination: sleuth-test
logging:
level:
org.springframework.web: DEBUG
- 建议应用本身不再指定日志输出格式，默认使用sleuth的日志格式，与zipkin统一。
Spring Web与CFX接入
理论上CXF可以直接使用Brave接入，但是官方最新的Brave只支持jax-rs版本为2.0.1且要求JDK>=1.8。而我本地的JDK=1.7，jax-rs版本为2.0-m10，所以采取了折衷方案，只使用brave jaxrs2中的两个过滤器。
- maven中新增：
4.7.2
1.1.2
io.zipkin.brave
brave
${brave.version}
io.zipkin.reporter
zipkin-reporter
${zipkin-reporter.version}
io.zipkin.reporter
zipkin-sender-kafka10
${zipkin-reporter.version}
io.zipkin.brave
brave-context-log4j2
${brave.version}
io.zipkin.brave
brave-instrumentation-spring-web
${brave.version}
io.zipkin.brave
brave-instrumentation-spring-webmvc
${brave.version}
io.zipkin.brave
brave-instrumentation-jaxrs2
${brave.version}
- 引入配置定义
import brave.Tracing;
import brave.context.log4j2.ThreadContextCurrentTraceContext;
import brave.http.HttpTracing;
import brave.sampler.Sampler;
import brave.spring.web.TracingClientHttpRequestInterceptor;
import brave.spring.webmvc.TracingHandlerInterceptor;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.http.client.ClientHttpRequestInterceptor;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
import zipkin.Span;
import zipkin.reporter.AsyncReporter;
import zipkin.reporter.Sender;
import zipkin.reporter.kafka10.KafkaSender;
import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
@Configuration
public class WebTracingConfiguration {
@Bean
Sender sender() {
return KafkaSender.builder().bootstrapServers("pgpool.hd.com:19092,pgdb1.hd.com:19092,pgdb2.hd.com:19092").topic("sleuth-test2").build();
}
/**
* 用什么方式显示span信息
*/
@Bean
AsyncReporter spanReporter() {
return AsyncReporter.create(sender());
}
@Bean
Tracing tracing() {
return Tracing.newBuilder()
.localServiceName("dpos-web").reporter(spanReporter())
.currentTraceContext(ThreadContextCurrentTraceContext.create()) // puts trace IDs into logs
.sampler(Sampler.create(1f)).build();
}
// decides how to name and tag spans. By default they are named the same as the http method.
@Bean
HttpTracing httpTracing(Tracing tracing) {
return HttpTracing.create(tracing);
}
// 拦截spring web
@Bean
TracingHandlerInterceptor serverInterceptor(HttpTracing tracing) {
return (TracingHandlerInterceptor) TracingHandlerInterceptor.create(tracing);
}
// 拦截jax-rs 服务端
@Bean(name = "tracingContainerFilter")
TracingContainerFilter tracingContainerFilter(HttpTracing tracing) {
return new TracingContainerFilter(tracing);
}
// 拦截jax-rs 客户端
@Bean(name = "tracingClientFilter")
TracingClientFilter tracingClientFilter(HttpTracing tracing) {
return new TracingClientFilter(tracing);
}
// 拦截spring template
@Bean
TracingClientHttpRequestInterceptor clientInterceptor(HttpTracing tracing) {
return (TracingClientHttpRequestInterceptor) TracingClientHttpRequestInterceptor.create(tracing);
}
@Autowired
private RestTemplate restTemplate;
/**
* adds tracing to the application-defined rest template
*/
@PostConstruct
public void init() {
List interceptors =
new ArrayList<>(restTemplate.getInterceptors());
interceptors.add(clientInterceptor(httpTracing(tracing())));
restTemplate.setInterceptors(interceptors);
}
}
- 在spring web xml中加入拦载
- 在jax-rs服务中加入拦载
- 在jax-rs客户端中加入拦截
- 实现jax-rs过滤器，来自官方的brave jaxrs2包中。
import brave.Span;
import brave.Tracer;
import brave.Tracer.SpanInScope;
import brave.http.HttpClientHandler;
import brave.http.HttpTracing;
import brave.propagation.Propagation;
import brave.propagation.TraceContext;
import javax.ws.rs.ConstrainedTo;
import javax.ws.rs.client.ClientRequestContext;
import javax.ws.rs.client.ClientRequestFilter;
import javax.ws.rs.client.ClientResponseContext;
import javax.ws.rs.client.ClientResponseFilter;
import javax.ws.rs.core.MultivaluedMap;
import javax.ws.rs.ext.Provider;
import static javax.ws.rs.ConstrainedTo.Type.CLIENT;
@Provider
@ConstrainedTo(CLIENT)
public class TracingClientFilter implements ClientRequestFilter, ClientResponseFilter {
static final Propagation.Setter SETTER = new Propagation.Setter() {
@Override
public void put(MultivaluedMap carrier, String key, String value) {
carrier.putSingle(key, value);
}
};
final Tracer tracer;
final HttpClientHandler handler;
final TraceContext.Injector injector;
public TracingClientFilter(HttpTracing httpTracing) {
if (httpTracing == null) throw new NullPointerException("HttpTracing == null");
tracer = httpTracing.tracing().tracer();
handler = HttpClientHandler.create(httpTracing, new HttpAdapter());
injector = httpTracing.tracing().propagation().injector(SETTER);
}
@Override
public void filter(ClientRequestContext request) {
Span span = handler.handleSend(injector, request.getHeaders(), request);
request.setProperty(SpanInScope.class.getName(), tracer.withSpanInScope(span));
}
@Override
public void filter(ClientRequestContext request, ClientResponseContext response) {
Span span = tracer.currentSpan();
if (span == null) return;
((SpanInScope) request.getProperty(SpanInScope.class.getName())).close();
handler.handleReceive(response, null, span);
}
static final class HttpAdapter
extends brave.http.HttpClientAdapter {
@Override
public String method(ClientRequestContext request) {
return request.getMethod();
}
@Override
public String path(ClientRequestContext request) {
return request.getUri().getPath();
}
@Override
public String url(ClientRequestContext request) {
return request.getUri().toString();
}
@Override
public String requestHeader(ClientRequestContext request, String name) {
return request.getHeaderString(name);
}
@Override
public Integer statusCode(ClientResponseContext response) {
return response.getStatus();
}
}
}
import brave.Span;
import brave.Tracer;
import brave.http.HttpServerHandler;
import brave.http.HttpTracing;
import brave.jaxrs2.ContainerAdapter;
import brave.propagation.Propagation;
import brave.propagation.TraceContext;
import javax.ws.rs.ConstrainedTo;
import javax.ws.rs.container.*;
import javax.ws.rs.core.Context;
import javax.ws.rs.ext.Provider;
import java.lang.annotation.Annotation;
import static javax.ws.rs.ConstrainedTo.Type.SERVER;
@Provider
@ConstrainedTo(SERVER)
public class TracingContainerFilter implements ContainerRequestFilter, ContainerResponseFilter {
final Tracer tracer;
final HttpServerHandler handler;
final TraceContext.Extractor extractor;
public TracingContainerFilter(HttpTracing httpTracing) {
tracer = httpTracing.tracing().tracer();
handler = HttpServerHandler.create(httpTracing, new ContainerAdapter());
extractor = httpTracing.tracing().propagation()
.extractor(new Propagation.Getter() {
@Override
public String get(ContainerRequestContext carrier, String key) {
return carrier.getHeaderString(key);
}
});
}
/**
* This implementation peeks to see if the request is async or not, which means {@link
* PreMatching} cannot be used: pre-matching doesn't inject the resource info!
*/
@Context
ResourceInfo resourceInfo;
@Override
public void filter(ContainerRequestContext request) {
if (resourceInfo != null) request.setProperty(ResourceInfo.class.getName(), resourceInfo);
Span span = handler.handleReceive(extractor, request);
request.removeProperty(ResourceInfo.class.getName());
if (shouldPutSpanInScope(resourceInfo)) {
request.setProperty(Tracer.SpanInScope.class.getName(), tracer.withSpanInScope(span));
} else {
request.setProperty(Span.class.getName(), span);
}
}
@Override
public void filter(ContainerRequestContext request, ContainerResponseContext response) {
Span span = (Span) request.getProperty(Span.class.getName());
Tracer.SpanInScope spanInScope = (Tracer.SpanInScope) request.getProperty(Tracer.SpanInScope.class.getName());
if (span != null) { // asynchronous response or we couldn't figure it out
} else if (spanInScope != null) { // synchronous response
span = tracer.currentSpan();
spanInScope.close();
} else if (response.getStatus() == 404) {
span = handler.handleReceive(extractor, request);
} else {
return; // unknown state
}
handler.handleSend(response, null, span);
}
/**
* We shouldn't put a span in scope unless we know for sure the request is not async. That's
* because we cannot detach if from the calling thread when async is used.
*/
// TODO: add benchmark and cache if slow
static boolean shouldPutSpanInScope(ResourceInfo resourceInfo) {
if (resourceInfo == null) return false;
for (Annotation[] annotations : resourceInfo.getResourceMethod().getParameterAnnotations()) {
for (Annotation annotation : annotations) {
if (annotation.annotationType().equals(Suspended.class)) {
return false;
}
}
}
return true;
}
}