Debian 虚拟化

准备在 Debian 系统上安装虚拟化支持，由于我的 Debian 使用了双硬盘组成的 fake raid 0，它使用 /dev/mapper 这样的设备名，因此要用到 kpartx 支持才能正确识别。而恰恰是 Debian 生成的 initrd 映像文件中不包含 kpartx，于是要修改 initrd 文件才能让系统正确启动。对于 Debian 的虚拟化来说，有几种方式，kvm xen openvz vserver，每种都要修改 initrd。

解压缩

debian:~ # cd /boot
debian: /boot # mkdir initrd-openvz
debian: /boot/initrd-openvz # cp /boot/initrd.img-2.6.32-5-openvz-amd64 initrd.img.gz
debian: /boot/initrd-openvz # gunzip initrd.img.gz
debian: /boot/initrd-openvz # cpio -ivmd < initrd.img
debian: /boot/initrd-openvz # ls
bin  conf  etc  init  initrd.img  lib  lib64  sbin  scripts

比较

debian: /boot/initrd # find ./ |grep kpartx
. /sbin/kpartx
. /lib/udev/kpartx_id
. /lib/udev/rules .d /60-kpartx .rules
debian: /boot/initrd # find . |xargs grep 'kpartx'
. /scripts/local-top/dmraid : /sbin/kpartx -a /dev/mapper/isw_ *

添加支持

cp /boot/initrd/sbin/kpartx sbin/
cp /boot/initrd/lib/udev/kpartx_id lib /udev/
cp /boot/initrd/lib/udev/rules .d /60-kpartx .rules lib /udev/rules .d/

接下来编辑 ./scripts/local-top/dmraid

debian: /boot/initrd-vserver # vim scripts/local-top/dmraid
#!/bin/sh

# local-top script for dmraid.

PREREQS= ""
prereqs()
{
 echo $PREREQS
}

case $1 in
# get pre-requisites
prereqs)
 prereqs
 exit 0
 ;;
esac
/sbin/udevadm settle --timeout=30
modprobe -Q dm-mod
modprobe -Q dm-mirror
modprobe -Q dm_raid
modprobe -Q dm_multipath
modprobe -Q raid456

# Activate any dmraid arrays that were not identified by udev and vol_id.

if devices=$(dmraid -r -c); then
 for dev in $devices; do
       dmraid-activate $dev
 done
fi
/sbin/kpartx -a /dev/mapper/isw_ *

打包

find . | cpio -o -H newc | gzip > /boot/initrd .img-2.6.32-5-openvz-amd64

编辑 /boot/grub/grub.cfg，去掉最顶部自动生成的 xen 项，保留 /etc/grub.d/20_linux_xen 生成的 xen 项。

menuentry 'Debian GNU/Linux, with Xen 4.0-amd64 and Linux 2.6.32-5-xen-amd64' --class debian --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os --class xen {
       insmod part_gpt
       insmod ext2
       set root= '(hd2,gpt2)'
       search --no-floppy --fs-uuid -- set =root d2e90c41-5e4b-4857-8108-738bee9dad5f
       echo    'Loading Xen 4.0-amd64 ...'
       multiboot       /boot/xen-4 .0-amd64.gz placeholder
       echo    'Loading Linux 2.6.32-5-xen-amd64 ...'
       module  /boot/vmlinuz-2 .6.32-5-xen-amd64 placeholder root=UUID=d2e90c41-5e4b-4857-8108-738bee9dad5f ro
       echo    'Loading initial ramdisk ...'
       module  /boot/initrd .img-2.6.32-5-xen-amd64
}
menuentry 'Debian GNU/Linux, with Xen 4.0-amd64 and Linux 2.6.32-5-xen-amd64 (recovery mode)' --class debian --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os --class xen {
       insmod part_gpt
       insmod ext2
       set root= '(hd2,gpt2)'
       search --no-floppy --fs-uuid -- set =root d2e90c41-5e4b-4857-8108-738bee9dad5f
       echo    'Loading Xen 4.0-amd64 ...'
       multiboot       /boot/xen-4 .0-amd64.gz placeholder
       echo    'Loading Linux 2.6.32-5-xen-amd64 ...'
       module  /boot/vmlinuz-2 .6.32-5-xen-amd64 placeholder root=UUID=d2e90c41-5e4b-4857-8108-738bee9dad5f ro single
       echo    'Loading initial ramdisk ...'
       module  /boot/initrd .img-2.6.32-5-xen-amd64
}

xen 的其它操作请参考 http://wiki.xen.org/wiki/Xen_Beginners_Guide http://www.virtuatopia.com/index.php/Installing_and_Running_Windows_7_as... 需要注意的是，桥接后，网卡 IP 就会失效，这时可以使用网桥的 IP  做为管理 IP。

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/zhangyingda/archive/2012/12/17/2821723.html