最近因为要把以前做的一个项目数据库从MSSQL2005转移到Oracle上,所以开始接触Oracle,通过本篇随笔简单记录一些ASP.NET结合Oralce的操作; 因为微软未来不再支持 System.Data.OracleClient 这个 Data Provider 的研发,从 .NET 4 以后的版本,会将该类库移除。所以决定采用Oracle 自家的解决方案 ODP.NET; 目前ODP.NET最新版本为12.1.0.1.0(开发跟部署机器都要安装);下载地址[http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/windows/downloads/index-101290.html]; 该版本支持Oracle10g以上的操作;下载安装完后,我们可以在安装路径[product\12.1.0\client_1\odp.net\managed\common]找到要引用的Oracle.ManagedDataAccess.dll |
1:连接Oracle配置内容
<appSettings> <!--<add key="OracleConString" value="Data Source=(DESCRIPTION =(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.12.15)(PORT = 1521))(CONNECT_DATA =(SERVER = DEDICATED)(SERVICE_NAME = Orcl)));User Id=wujy;Password=123456" />--> <add key="OracleConString" value="user id=wujy;password=123456;data source=192.168.12.15:1521/Orcl" /> </appSettings>
2:对Oracle进行增删改
(1):增加操作
public bool Create(LogInfoModel model) { StringBuilder strSql = new StringBuilder(); strSql.Append("insert into LOGINFO("); strSql.Append(" ID,LOGSOURCE,LOGTYPE,LOGCONTENT,OPERATER,CREATEDATE,ISDELETE"); strSql.Append(") values ("); strSql.Append(" :ID,:LOGSOURCE,:LOGTYPE,:LOGCONTENT,:OPERATER,:CREATEDATE,:ISDELETE"); strSql.Append(") "); OracleParameter[] parameters = { new OracleParameter(":ID", model.ID), new OracleParameter(":LOGSOURCE", model.LOGSOURCE), new OracleParameter(":LOGTYPE", model.LOGTYPE), new OracleParameter(":LOGCONTENT", model.LOGCONTENT), new OracleParameter(":OPERATER", model.OPERATER), new OracleParameter(":CREATEDATE", model.CREATEDATE), new OracleParameter(":ISDELETE", model.ISDELETE), }; return OracleHelper.OracleHelper.ExecuteNonQuery(PubConnection.ConnectionString, CommandType.Text, strSql.ToString(), parameters) > 0; }
注意:参数的顺序跟SQL语句中要一一对应,否者也会报错,这个要MSSQL是不会出现的,更新也要注意参数的顺序
(2):更新操作
public bool Update(LogInfoModel model) { StringBuilder strSql = new StringBuilder(); strSql.Append("update LOGINFO set "); strSql.Append(" ID = :ID , "); strSql.Append(" LOGSOURCE = :LOGSOURCE , "); strSql.Append(" LOGTYPE = :LOGTYPE , "); strSql.Append(" LOGCONTENT = :LOGCONTENT , "); strSql.Append(" OPERATER = :OPERATER , "); strSql.Append(" ISDELETE = :ISDELETE "); strSql.Append(" where ID=:ID "); OracleParameter[] parameters = { new OracleParameter(":ID", model.ID), new OracleParameter(":LOGSOURCE", model.LOGSOURCE), new OracleParameter(":LOGTYPE", model.LOGTYPE), new OracleParameter(":LOGCONTENT", model.LOGCONTENT), new OracleParameter(":OPERATER", model.OPERATER), new OracleParameter(":ISDELETE", model.ISDELETE), }; return OracleHelper.OracleHelper.ExecuteNonQuery(PubConnection.ConnectionString, CommandType.Text, strSql.ToString(), parameters) > 0; }
注意:Oracle更新要是用OracleParameter参数形式时要把条件也进行更新,否则会失败;这个跟MSSQL是不一样的;或者可以换另外一种写法:
public bool Update(LogInfoModel model) { string strSql = string.Format("update LOGINFO set LOGSOURCE = :LOGSOURCE ,LOGTYPE = :LOGTYPE ,LOGCONTENT = :LOGCONTENT ,OPERATER = :OPERATER ,ISDELETE = :ISDELETE where ID='{0}'", model.ID); OracleParameter[] parameters = { new OracleParameter(":LOGSOURCE", model.LOGSOURCE), new OracleParameter(":LOGTYPE", model.LOGTYPE), new OracleParameter(":LOGCONTENT", model.LOGCONTENT), new OracleParameter(":OPERATER", model.OPERATER), new OracleParameter(":ISDELETE", model.ISDELETE), }; return OracleHelper.OracleHelper.ExecuteNonQuery(PubConnection.ConnectionString, CommandType.Text, strSql, parameters) > 0; }
(3):删除操作
public bool Delete(string ID) { string sql = "delete from LOGINFO where ID=:ID"; OracleParameter[] parm = { new OracleParameter(":ID", ID) }; return OracleHelper.OracleHelper.ExecuteNonQuery(PubConnection.ConnectionString, CommandType.Text, sql, parm) > 0; }
(4):查找操作
public List<LogInfoModel> GetListForwhere(string strWhere) { string sql = string.Empty; if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(strWhere)) { sql = "select * from LOGINFO"; } else { sql = "select * from LOGINFO where " + strWhere + ""; } DataTable dt = OracleHelper.OracleHelper.ExecuteDataset(PubConnection.ConnectionString, CommandType.Text, sql).Tables[0]; return Convert(dt); }
3:创建自增字段
Oracle因为没有像MSSQL那么简单的创建自增字段,所以必需通过SQL脚本进行设置(先创建序列再创建触发器),实例如下:
(1)创建表
Create table t_user( Id number(6),userid varchar2(20) );
(2)创建序列
create sequence user_seq increment by 1 start with 1 nomaxvalue nominvalue nocache
(3)创建触发器
create or replace trigger tr_user before insert on t_user for each row begin select user_seq.nextval into :new.id from dual; end;
4:使用存储过程进行分页:
(1):首先在Oracle新建一个存储过程,脚本如下(此脚本源于网络):
create or replace package p_page is TYPE type_cur IS REF CURSOR; --定义游标变量用于返回记录集 PROCEDURE Pagination(Pindex in number, --分页索引 Psql in varchar2, --产生dataset的sql语句 Psize in number, --页面大小 Pcount out number, --返回分页总数 Prcount out number,--返回总条数 v_cur out type_cur --返回当前页数据记录 ); end p_page; / create or replace package body p_page is PROCEDURE Pagination( Pindex in number, Psql in varchar2, Psize in number, Pcount out number, Prcount out number, v_cur out type_cur ) AS v_sql VARCHAR2(1000); v_count number; v_Plow number; v_Phei number; v_prcount number; Begin ------------------------------------------------------------取分页总数 v_sql := 'select count(*) from (' || Psql || ')'; execute immediate v_sql into v_count; Pcount := ceil(v_count/Psize); ------------------------------------------------------------显示总条数 v_sql := 'select count(*) from (' || Psql || ')'; execute immediate v_sql into v_prcount; Prcount := v_prcount; --返回记录总数 ------------------------------------------------------------显示任意页内容 v_Phei := Pindex * Psize + Psize; v_Plow := v_Phei - Psize + 1; --Psql := 'select rownum rn,t.* from zzda t' ; --要求必须包含rownum字段 v_sql := 'select * from (' || Psql || ') where rn between ' || v_Plow || ' and ' || v_Phei ; open v_cur for v_sql; End Pagination; --************************************************************************************** end p_page;
(2):把分页进行简单封装,返回DataTable
/// <summary> /// 内容描述:使用存储过程,查询分页后的数据。 /// </summary> /// <param name="strConStr">连接oracle数据库字符串</param> /// <param name="strSql">查询sql语句(要求必须包含rownum字段,别名是rn 如:select rownum rn,ID from TableName)</param> /// <param name="curPage">当前显示页数</param> /// <param name="strPageSize">每页条数</param> /// <param name="strCount">返回分页数</param> /// <param name="strRowCount">返回记录数</param> /// <returns>分页结果数据集</returns> public static DataTable getDataTable(string strConStr, string strSql, int curPage, string strPageSize, out string strCount, out string strRowCount) { DataTable dt = new DataTable(); OracleParameter[] parameters = { new OracleParameter("Pindex",curPage-1), new OracleParameter("Psql",strSql), new OracleParameter("Psize",strPageSize), new OracleParameter("Pcount",OracleDbType.Int32), new OracleParameter("Prcount",OracleDbType.Int32), new OracleParameter("v_cur",OracleDbType.RefCursor), }; parameters[3].Direction = ParameterDirection.Output; parameters[4].Direction = ParameterDirection.Output; parameters[5].Direction = ParameterDirection.Output; dt = OracleHelper.ExecuteDataset(strConStr, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "p_page.Pagination", parameters).Tables[0]; strCount = parameters[3].Value.ToString(); strRowCount = parameters[4].Value.ToString(); return dt; } /// <summary> /// 内容描述:使用存储过程,查询分页后的数据。 /// </summary> /// <param name="strConStr">连接oracle数据库字符串</param> /// <param name="strSql">查询sql语句(要求必须包含rownum字段,别名是rn 如:select rownum rn,ID from TableName)</param> /// <param name="curPage">当前显示页数</param> /// <param name="strPageSize">每页条数</param> /// <param name="strCount">返回分页数</param> /// <param name="strRowCount">返回记录数</param> /// <param name="Strwhere">带条件 没有则为空</param> /// <returns>分页结果数据集</returns> public static DataTable getDataTable(string strConStr, string strSql, int curPage, string strPageSize, out string strCount, out string strRowCount,string Strwhere) { string StrSqlByWhere; if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(Strwhere)) { StrSqlByWhere = strSql + " where " + Strwhere; } else { StrSqlByWhere = strSql; } return getDataTable(strConStr, StrSqlByWhere, curPage, strPageSize, out strCount, out strRowCount); }
(3):分页测试代码
public static void PageGetDataSet() { string HangSh = "0";//行数 string YeSh = "0";//页数 string connectStr = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["OracleConString"]; string sqlStr = "select rownum rn,ID from wujy.Db_Tables"; DataTable tb = getDataTable(connectStr, sqlStr, 1, "10", out YeSh, out HangSh); Console.WriteLine("总共为" + YeSh + "页" + "|每页为10条|数据总条数为" + HangSh); Console.WriteLine("第一页:"); for (int i = 0; i < tb.Rows.Count; i++) { Console.WriteLine(tb.Rows[i]["ID"].ToString()); } }
(4):运行效果:
5:其它常见问题:
(1):创建完Oracle后我们一般会新建一个用户来,语句如下:
create user wujy identified by admin
创建完这个用户它是没有权限的,要对它进行赋相应角色
grant connect,resource to wujy
(2):Oracle中执行SQL时,如果被操作的表不是此用户创建则要在表的前面加上其所有者,否则将会提示没有此表,wujy就是这表的所有者
delete from wujy.Db_Tables where ID=14
(3):连接Oracle一直报:ORA-12154:TNS:无法解析指定的连接标识符
这个问题是因为我电脑里面装的几个版本的oracle客户端,我把连接的语句配置在9i版本上(tnsnames),却一直用10G的Oracle Sql*Plus去连接,肯定会报错的;
若是用PL/SQL Developer去连时也会报这个错误,要在"工具"--"首选项"--"连接"--"Oracle 主目录名(自动检测为空)"选择相应的版本
(4):我们平常都是运用CodeSmithGenerator来进行代码的生成;创建Oracle连接语句如下(一些参数自行替换):
Data Source=(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.168.12.15)(PORT=1521))(CONNECT_DATA=(SERVICE_NAME=Orcl)));User Id=system;Password=123456;
(5):创建视图,提示“权限不够”,怎么解决?
grant create any view to 用户名
(6):赋予调试Oracle存储过程权限,怎么解决?
grant debug any procedure ,debug connect session to username
(7):多条SQL语句放在一起执行
以前用MSSQL时我们经常: string sqlStr="delete from User where ID=1;delete from Unit where ID=1";
但在Oracle就不能这么写,会报错误,要加上begin end;要写成如下:string sqlStr="begin delete from User where ID=1;delete from unit where ID=1;end;";
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