Python生成随机验证码，需要使用PIL模块.python3则是pillow
安装：
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pip3 install pillow
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基本使用
1. 创建图片
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from
PIL
import
Image
img
=
Image.new(mode
=
'RGB'
, size
=
(
120
,
30
), color
=
(
255
,
255
,
255
))
# 在图片查看器中打开
# img.show()
# 保存在本地
with
open
(
'code.png'
,
'wb'
) as f:
img.save(f,
format
=
'png'
)
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2. 创建画笔，用于在图片上画任意内容
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img
=
Image.new(mode
=
'RGB'
, size
=
(
120
,
30
), color
=
(
255
,
255
,
255
))
draw
=
ImageDraw.Draw(img, mode
=
'RGB'
)
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3. 画点
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img
=
Image.new(mode
=
'RGB'
, size
=
(
120
,
30
), color
=
(
255
,
255
,
255
))
draw
=
ImageDraw.Draw(img, mode
=
'RGB'
)
# 第一个参数：表示坐标
# 第二个参数：表示颜色
draw.point([
100
,
100
], fill
=
"red"
)
draw.point([
300
,
300
], fill
=
(
255
,
255
,
255
))
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4. 画线
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img
=
Image.new(mode
=
'RGB'
, size
=
(
120
,
30
), color
=
(
255
,
255
,
255
))
draw
=
ImageDraw.Draw(img, mode
=
'RGB'
)
# 第一个参数：表示起始坐标和结束坐标
# 第二个参数：表示颜色
draw.line((
100
,
100
,
100
,
300
), fill
=
'red'
)
draw.line((
100
,
100
,
300
,
100
), fill
=
(
255
,
255
,
255
))
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5. 画圆
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img
=
Image.new(mode
=
'RGB'
, size
=
(
120
,
30
), color
=
(
255
,
255
,
255
))
draw
=
ImageDraw.Draw(img, mode
=
'RGB'
)
# 第一个参数：表示起始坐标和结束坐标（圆要画在其中间）
# 第二个参数：表示开始角度
# 第三个参数：表示结束角度
# 第四个参数：表示颜色
draw.arc((
100
,
100
,
300
,
300
),
0
,
90
,fill
=
"red"
)
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6. 写文本
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img
=
Image.new(mode
=
'RGB'
, size
=
(
120
,
30
), color
=
(
255
,
255
,
255
))
draw
=
ImageDraw.Draw(img, mode
=
'RGB'
)
# 第一个参数：表示起始坐标
# 第二个参数：表示写入内容
# 第三个参数：表示颜色
draw.text([
0
,
0
],
'python'
,
"red"
)
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7. 特殊字体文字
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img
=
Image.new(mode
=
'RGB'
, size
=
(
120
,
30
), color
=
(
255
,
255
,
255
))
draw
=
ImageDraw.Draw(img, mode
=
'RGB'
)
# 第一个参数：表示字体文件路径
# 第二个参数：表示字体大小
font
=
ImageFont.truetype(
"kumo.ttf"
,
28
)
# 第一个参数：表示起始坐标
# 第二个参数：表示写入内容
# 第三个参数：表示颜色
# 第四个参数：表示颜色
draw.text([
0
,
0
],
'python'
,
"red"
, font
=
font)
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图片验证码
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import
random
def
check_code(width
=
120
, height
=
30
, char_length
=
5
, font_file
=
'kumo.ttf'
, font_size
=
28
):
code
=
[]
img
=
Image.new(mode
=
'RGB'
, size
=
(width, height), color
=
(
255
,
255
,
255
))
draw
=
ImageDraw.Draw(img, mode
=
'RGB'
)
def
rndChar():
"""
生成随机字母
:return:
"""
return
chr
(random.randint(
65
,
90
))
def
rndColor():
"""
生成随机颜色
:return:
"""
return
(random.randint(
0
,
255
), random.randint(
10
,
255
), random.randint(
64
,
255
))
# 写文字
font
=
ImageFont.truetype(font_file, font_size)
for
i
in
range
(char_length):
char
=
rndChar()
code.append(char)
h
=
random.randint(
0
,
4
)
draw.text([i
*
width
/
char_length, h], char, font
=
font, fill
=
rndColor())
# 写干扰点
for
i
in
range
(
40
):
draw.point([random.randint(
0
, width), random.randint(
0
, height)], fill
=
rndColor())
# 写干扰圆圈
for
i
in
range
(
40
):
draw.point([random.randint(
0
, width), random.randint(
0
, height)], fill
=
rndColor())
x
=
random.randint(
0
, width)
y
=
random.randint(
0
, height)
draw.arc((x, y, x
+
4
, y
+
4
),
0
,
90
, fill
=
rndColor())
# 画干扰线
for
i
in
range
(
5
):
x1
=
random.randint(
0
, width)
y1
=
random.randint(
0
, height)
x2
=
random.randint(
0
, width)
y2
=
random.randint(
0
, height)
draw.line((x1, y1, x2, y2), fill
=
rndColor())
img
=
img.
filter
(ImageFilter.EDGE_ENHANCE_MORE)
return
img,''.join(code)
if
__name__
=
=
'__main__'
:
# 1. 直接打开
# img,code = check_code()
# img.show()
# 2. 写入文件
# img,code = check_code()
# with open('code.png','wb') as f:
# img.save(f,format='png')
# 3. 写入内存(Python3)
# from io import BytesIO
# stream = BytesIO()
# img.save(stream, 'png')
# stream.getvalue()
# 4. 写入内存（Python2）
# import StringIO
# stream = StringIO.StringIO()
# img.save(stream, 'png')
# stream.getvalue()
pass
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def validcode(request): import random from PIL import Image, ImageDraw, ImageFont from io import BytesIO img = Image.new(mode='RGB', size=(120, 40), color=(random.randint(0, 255), random.randint(0, 255), random.randint(0, 255))) draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img, 'RGB') font = ImageFont.truetype('app01/static/font/kumo.ttf', 25) valid_list = [] for i in range(5): random_num = str(random.randint(0, 9)) random_upper_alp = chr(random.randint(65, 90)) random_lower_alp = chr(random.randint(97, 122)) valid_ele = random.choice([random_num, random_upper_alp, random_lower_alp]) valid_list.append(valid_ele) draw.text([5 + i * 24, 10], valid_ele, (random.randint(0, 255), random.randint(0, 255), random.randint(0, 255)), font=font) # 写干扰点 for i in range(40): draw.point([random.randint(0, 120), random.randint(0, 40)], fill=(random.randint(0, 255), random.randint(10, 255), random.randint(64, 255))) # 写干扰圆圈 for i in range(40): draw.point([random.randint(0, 120), random.randint(0, 40)], fill=(random.randint(0, 255), random.randint(10, 255), random.randint(64, 255))) x = random.randint(0, 120) y = random.randint(0, 40) draw.arc((x, y, x + 4, y + 4), 0, 90, fill=(random.randint(0, 255), random.randint(10, 255), random.randint(64, 255))) # 画干扰线 for i in range(5): x1 = random.randint(0, 120) y1 = random.randint(0, 40) x2 = random.randint(0, 120) y2 = random.randint(0, 40) draw.line((x1, y1, x2, y2), fill=(random.randint(0, 255), random.randint(10, 255), random.randint(64, 255))) f = BytesIO() img.save(f, 'png') data = f.getvalue() valid_str = ''.join(valid_list) #将验证码拼接成字符串 print(valid_str) request.session["keepValidCode"] = valid_str #将验证码保存在session中，方便在登陆时验证 return HttpResponse(data)
from app01 import models from django.contrib.auth import authenticate, login, logout def log_in(request): '''登陆''' if request.method == 'GET': form = LoginForm() return render(request, 'login.html', {'form': form}) else: data = request.POST form = LoginForm(data=data) validcode = request.POST.get('validcode') if not form.is_valid(): return HttpResponse(json.dumps(dict(form.errors))) if validcode.upper() != request.session["keepValidCode"].upper(): return HttpResponse(json.dumps('codeError')) user = authenticate(**form.cleaned_data) # user=models.UserInfo.objects.filter(**form.cleaned_data) if not user: return HttpResponse(json.dumps({'flag': False, 'msg': "用户名或者密码错误"})) else: login(request, user) #设置session return HttpResponse(json.dumps({'flag': True}))
img中src实现局部刷新验证码的功能
html部分：
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js部分：
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或：
// 验证码刷新 $(".validCode_img").click(function () { $(this)[0].src+="?" })
这部分最重要的就是 $("#codePic").attr("src","http://127.0.0.1:8888/TP/codePic?flag="+Math.random()); 这部分的代码。如果不加flag="+Math.random()是实现不了局部刷新的功能的。因为src中如果每次访问的地址一样的话就会发生不更新的情况。具体为什么会发生这种情况大家可以自己去研究。而codePic其实是一个action。这个action的功能是利用java画笔画出验证码并打包成图片返回给img中的src。