利用PIL生成图片验证码
利用pillow生成图片验证码
安装pillow
pip install pillow导入模块
from PIL import Image, ImageDraw, ImageFont生成图片验证码
- 创建图片
img = Image.new(mode="RGB", size=(120, 40), color="white")
#这里需要三个参数，第一个是指定mode,这里使用RGB模式，第二个指定的图片尺寸，第三个指定图片颜色- 创建一个画笔对象
draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img, "RGB") # 实例画笔对象
#这里的两个参数，第一个是指定一块画布（个人理解，在什么地方开始你的创作），第二个同上mode- 指定字体样式和大小
font = ImageFont.truetype("static/font/kumo.ttf", 25)
# 指定字体样式和大小,这里用的是kumo.ttf这个样式（需要下载），参数一文件的路径，参数二字体大小详细代码
def get_validCode(request):
width = 120#指定图片的长高
height = 40
def rndColor():
"""
生成随机颜色
:return:
"""
return (random.randint(0, 255), random.randint(10, 255), random.randint(64, 255))
img = Image.new(mode="RGB", size=(width, height), color="white")
draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img, "RGB") # 实例画笔对象
font = ImageFont.truetype("static/font/kumo.ttf", 25) # 指定字体样式和大小
valid_list = [] # 用于存储随机验证码
for i in range(5): # 生成5位数的随机字符
random_num = str(random.randint(0, 9)) # 随机数字
random_lower = chr(random.randint(65, 90)) # 随机小写字母
random_upper = chr(random.randint(97, 122)) # 随机小写字母
random_char = random.choice([random_num, random_lower, random_upper]) # 随机选择
draw.text([5 + i * 24, 10], random_char, rndColor(), font=font)
# 这里列表里的两个参数表示横纵坐标，在img里面的,第二个参数表示文本内容，第三个是颜色，第四个是字体大小
valid_list.append(random_char) # 将随机生成的验证码字符串添加到列表中
for i in range(100): # 加噪点
draw.point([random.randint(0, width), random.randint(0, height)], fill=rndColor())
for i in range(5): # 加干扰线,这里通过添加多组横纵坐标实现
x1 = random.randint(0, width)
y1 = random.randint(0, height)
x2 = random.randint(0, width)
y2 = random.randint(0, height)
x3 = random.randint(0, width)
y3 = random.randint(0, height)
draw.line((x1, y1, x2, y2, x3, y3), fill=rndColor())
f = BytesIO() # 相当于获取文件句柄
img.save(f, "png") # 存入内存，以png的格式
data = f.getvalue() # 从内存中取出来
valid_str = "".join(valid_list) # 转化成随机的字符串格式
request.session["keepValidCode"] = valid_str # 将随机字符串放入session中
return HttpResponse(data)#这里需要交给前端的ajax处理前端代码
{##}//这里写了一个简单的登录页面
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Titletitle>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/css/bootstrap.min.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/sweet/sweetalert2.min.css">
<script src="/static/js/jquery-3.2.1.min.js">script>
<script src="/static/js/bootstrap.min.js">script>
<script src="/static/js/jquery.cookie.js">script>
<script src="/static/sweet/sweetalert2.min.js">script>
head>
<body style="background-color: #f8f8f8">
<div class="container col-md-4 col-lg-offset-4 ">
<div class="panel panel-info " style="margin-top: 100px">
<div class="panel-heading" style="padding: 5px 0">
<h4 class="text-center">请登录h4>
div>
<div class="row">
<div class="panel-body col-md-10 col-md-offset-1">
<form method="post">
{% csrf_token %}
<div class="form-group user">
<label for="exampleInputEmail1">用户名:label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="exampleInputEmail1">
<span id="helpBlock2" class="help-block">span>
div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="exampleInputPassword1">密码:label>
<input type="password" class="form-control" id="exampleInputPassword1">
<span id="helpBlock3" class="help-block">span>
div>
<div class="row">
<div class="form-group col-md-6">
<label for="validateCode">验证码:label>
<input type="password" class="form-control" id="validateCode">
<span id="helpBlock4" class="help-block">span>
div>
<div class="col-md-6">
<img src="/get_validCode/" alt="" width="150px" height="40px" style="margin-top: 20px;" id="imgCode">
div>
div>
<div class="form-group">
<span class="failed" style="color: red">span>
div>
<div class="form-group col-lg-offset-4 col-md-4">
<input type="button" value="登 录" class="form-control btn-primary" id="login">
div>
form>
<div class="from-group">
<span class="form-group pull-right"><span>还没有账号？<a href="/register/">点击注册a>span>span>
div>
div>
div>
div>
div>
<script>
{# $("#imgCode").on("click",function () {#}
{# $(this)[0].src += "?"#}
{# });#}
$("#imgCode").on("click",function () {
$.ajax({
url: "/get_validCode/",
type: "GET",
success: function (data) {
$("#imgCode").attr("src", "/get_validCode/")
}
})
});
$("#login").on("click", function () {
$.ajax(
{
url: "/sign_in/",
type: "POST",
headers: {"X-CSRFToken": $.cookie('csrftoken')},
data: {
user: $("#exampleInputEmail1").val(),
pwd: $("#exampleInputPassword1").val(),
validCode:$("#validateCode").val()
},
success: function (data) {
var dat = JSON.parse(data);
if (dat["state"] == "success") {
swal(
'',
'登录成功,正在跳转...',
'success'
);
setTimeout(function () {
window.location.href = "/index/";
}, 3000);
}
if (dat["state"] == "user_none") {
$("#exampleInputEmail1").focus();
var use = $("#helpBlock2");
use.parent().addClass("has-error");
use.html("请输入用户名")
}
if (dat["state"] == "pwd_none") {
$("#exampleInputPassword1").focus();
var pwd = $("#helpBlock3");
pwd.parent().addClass("has-error");
pwd.html("请输入登录密码")
}
if (dat["state"] == "validCode_none"){
$("#validateCode").focus();
var valid = $("#helpBlock4");
valid.parent().addClass("has-error");
valid.html("请输入验证码")
}
if (dat["state"] == "validCode_error"){
$("#validateCode").focus();
var valid_error = $("#helpBlock4");
valid_error.parent().addClass("has-error");
valid_error.html("验证码错误")
}
if (dat["state"] == "failed") {
swal(
'',
'用户名或密码错误',
'error'
)
}
}
}
)
});
script>
body>
html>
视图函数
def sign_in(request):#貌似写的太啰嗦了，登录的函数
if request.method == "GET":
return render(request, "login.html")
elif request.method == "POST":
state = {"state": None}
username = request.POST.get("user")
if username == "":
state["state"] = "user_none"
return HttpResponse(json.dumps(state))
password = request.POST.get("pwd")
if password == "":
state["state"] = "pwd_none"
return HttpResponse(json.dumps(state))
validCode = request.POST.get("validCode")
if validCode == "":
state["state"] = "validCode_none"
return HttpResponse(json.dumps(state))
if validCode.upper() == request.session.get("keepValidCode").upper():
user = auth.authenticate(username=username, password=password)
if user:
state["state"] = "success"
auth.login(request, user)
else:
state["state"] = "failed"
return HttpResponse(json.dumps(state))
else:
state["state"] = "validCode_error"
return HttpResponse(json.dumps(state))