leetcode【199】【tag Tree】Binary Tree Right Side View【c++版本,层次遍历,DFS两种方法】

问题描述:

Given a binary tree, imagine yourself standing on the right side of it, return the values of the nodes you can see ordered from top to bottom.

Example:

Input: [1,2,3,null,5,null,4]
Output: [1, 3, 4]
Explanation:

   1            <---
 /   \
2     3         <---
 \     \
  5     4       <---

源码:

这个题目其实有点题意不清,我就简单再说一下。题目意思指的是找到每一层的最右边的元素。

这样就简单明了了,只需要层次遍历,然后把每行的最后一个元素加进去即可,层次遍历可以参考leetcode【107】Binary Tree Level Order Traversal II

/**
 * Definition for a binary tree node.
 * struct TreeNode {
 *     int val;
 *     TreeNode *left;
 *     TreeNode *right;
 *     TreeNode() : val(0), left(nullptr), right(nullptr) {}
 *     TreeNode(int x) : val(x), left(nullptr), right(nullptr) {}
 *     TreeNode(int x, TreeNode *left, TreeNode *right) : val(x), left(left), right(right) {}
 * };
 */
class Solution {
public:
    vector rightSideView(TreeNode* root) {
        vector result;
        if(!root)   return result;
        int cur=1, next=0;
        queue st;
        st.push(root);
        while(!st.empty()){
            TreeNode* tmp = st.front();
            st.pop();
            cur--;
            if(tmp->left){
                next++;     st.push(tmp->left);
            }
            if(tmp->right){
                next++;     st.push(tmp->right);
            }
            if(cur == 0){
                result.push_back(tmp->val);
                cur = next;
                next = 0;
            }
        }
        return result;
    }
};

翻了一下Solution区(好不容易有一题对非会员开放,咱能不看嘛),提供了两种方法DFS和BFS。感觉很麻烦,而且效率很低,我比较倾向于DFS,在此就演示一下DFS吧,感兴趣的读者可以自己试一下BFS。(用一个hash表维持每个depth的最后边的元素)

/**
 * Definition for a binary tree node.
 * struct TreeNode {
 *     int val;
 *     TreeNode *left;
 *     TreeNode *right;
 *     TreeNode() : val(0), left(nullptr), right(nullptr) {}
 *     TreeNode(int x) : val(x), left(nullptr), right(nullptr) {}
 *     TreeNode(int x, TreeNode *left, TreeNode *right) : val(x), left(left), right(right) {}
 * };
 */
class Solution {
public:
    vector rightSideView(TreeNode* root) {
        vector result;
        if(!root)   return result;
        stack st;
        stack depth;
        unordered_map hash;
        int maxdep = 0;
        st.push(root);
        depth.push(0);
        hash[0] = root->val;
        while(!st.empty()){
            TreeNode* tmp = st.top();
            st.pop();
            int tmp_dep = depth.top();
            depth.pop();
            maxdep = max(maxdep, tmp_dep);
            if(!hash.count(tmp_dep))    hash[tmp_dep] = tmp->val;
            if(tmp->left){
                st.push(tmp->left);     depth.push(tmp_dep+1);
            }
            if(tmp->right){
                st.push(tmp->right);     depth.push(tmp_dep+1);
            }
        }
        for(int i=0; i<=maxdep; i++){
            result.push_back(hash[i]);
        }
        return result;
    }
};

 

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