Linux下快速删除大量文件/文件夹方法

一、场景描述

 假如你要在linux下删除大量文件,比如100万、1000万,像/var/spool/clientmqueue/的mail邮件, 像/usr/local/nginx/proxy_temp的nginx缓存等,那么rm -rf *可能就不好使了。


二、解决方案

rsync提供了一些跟删除相关的参数

rsync --help | grep delete
   --del                   an alias for --delete-during
     --delete                delete extraneous files from destination dirs
     --delete-before         receiver deletes before transfer, not during
     --delete-during         receiver deletes during the transfer
     --delete-delay          find deletions during, delete after
     --delete-after          receiver deletes after transfer, not during
     --delete-excluded       also delete excluded files from destination dirs
     --delete-missing-args   delete missing source args from destination
     --ignore-errors         delete even if there are I/O errors
     --max-delete=NUM        don't delete more than NUM files

其中--delete-before 接收者在传输之前进行删除操作

可以用来清空目录或文件,如下:

1、先建立一个空目录 
mkdir /data/blank

2、用rsync删除目标目录 
rsync --delete-before -d /data/blank/ /var/spool/clientmqueue/

这样目标目录很快就被清空了

又假如你有一些特别大的文件要删除,比如nohup.out这样的实时更新的文件,动辄都是几十个G上百G的,

也以用rsync来清空大文件,而且效率比较高

1、创建空文件 
touch /data/blank.txt

2、用rsync清空文件 
rsync -a --delete-before -progress –stats /root/blank.txt /root/nohup.out

building file list … 
1 file to consider 
blank.txt 
0 100% 0.00kB/s 0:00:00 (xfer#1, to-check=0/1)

Number of files: 1 
Number of files transferred: 1 
Total file size: 0 bytes 
Total transferred file size: 0 bytes 
Literal data: 0 bytes 
Matched data: 0 bytes 
File list size: 27 
File list generation time: 0.006 seconds 
File list transfer time: 0.000 seconds 
Total bytes sent: 73 
Total bytes received: 31

sent 73 bytes received 31 bytes 208.00 bytes/sec 
total size is 0 speedup is 0.00

tips: 

当SRC和DEST文件性质不一致时将会报错 
当SRC和DEST性质都为文件【f】时,意思是清空文件内容而不是删除文件 
当SRC和DEST性质都为目录【d】时,意思是删除该目录下的所有文件,使其变为空目录 
最重要的是,它的处理速度相当快,处理几个G的文件也就是秒级的事 
最核心的内容是:rsync实际上用的就是替换原理

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