Yii2一些方法技巧小记

表单验证
表单验证，两个参数中至少需要一个：
public function rules()
{
return [
[[‘card_id’, ‘card_code’],
function ($attribute, KaTeX parse error: Expected '}', got 'EOF' at end of input: … if (empty(this->card_code) && empty($this->card_id)) {
$this->addError($attribute, ‘card_id/card_code至少要填一个’);
}
},
‘skipOnEmpty’ => false],
];
}
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表单验证，去除首尾空格：
public function rules()
{
return [[title’, ‘content’],‘trim’]];
}
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校验 user_id 在User表中是否存在，并自定义错误信息。
public function rules()
{
return [
…
[[‘user_id’], ‘exist’,
‘targetClass’ => User::className(),
‘targetAttribute’ => ‘id’,
‘message’ => ‘此{attribute}不存在。’
],
…
];
}
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Model 里面 rules 联合唯一规则
[[‘store_id’, ‘member_name’], ‘unique’, ‘targetAttribute’ => [‘store_id’, ‘member_name’], ‘message’ => ‘The combination of Store ID and Member Name has already been taken.’],
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表单提交失败获取save()错误信息调试代码
echo array_values($model->getFirstErrors())[0];exit;va{r}_{d}ump($model->getErrors());die;
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单独为某个Action关闭 Csrf 验证
新建一个Behavior

use Yii;
use yii\base\Behavior;
use yii\web\Controller;

class NoCsrf extends Behavior
{
public $actions = [];
public $controller;publicfunctionevents()return[Controller::EVEN{T}_{B}EFOR{E}_{A}CTION={>}^{\prime }beforeActio{n}^{\prime }];publicfunctionbeforeAction($event)
{
$action = $event->action->id;if(i{n}_{a}rray($action, $this->actions)){
$this->controller->enableCsrfValidation = false;
}
}
}
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然后在Controller中添加Behavior

public function behaviors()
{
return [
‘csrf’ => [
‘class’ => NoCsrf::className(),
‘controller’ => $this,
‘actions’ => [
‘action-name’
]
]
];
}
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数据查询
where 多个查询条件示例：
User::find()->where([‘and’, [‘xxx’ => 0, ‘yyy’ => 2], [’>’, ‘zzz’, $time]]);
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查询的时候 where 的 OR 和 AND 一起用
Topic::updateAll(
[‘last_comment_time’ => new Expression(‘created_at’)],
#[‘or’, [‘type’ => Topic::TYPE, ‘last_comment_username’ => ‘’], [‘type’ => Topic::TYPE, ‘last_comment_username’ => null]]
[‘and’, [‘type’ => Topic::TYPE], [‘or’, [‘last_comment_username’ => ‘’], [‘last_comment_username’ => null]]]
);
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嵌套查询，groupBy 分组之后排序功能
$subQuery = new Query();
$subQuery->from(PostComment::tableName())->where([‘status’ => PostComment::STATUS_ACTIVE])->orderBy([‘created_at’ => SORT_DESC]);

$comment = PostComment::find()->from([‘tmpA’ => $subQuery])
->groupBy(‘post_id’)
->all();
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生成的语句是

SELECT * FROM (SELECT * FROM post_comment WHERE status=1 ORDER BY created_at DESC) tmpA GROUP BY post_id
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sql计算字段中相同值重复次数，并排序*
$query = static::find()
->select([‘package_uuid’, ‘count() AS count’, ‘cost’, ‘package_shop_id’])
->groupBy(‘package_uuid’);
->orderBy(‘count DESC’)
->limit(10);
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避免select里面的子查询被识别成字段
$quert = User::find()
->select([
new Expression('count() as count , count(distinct mobile) as mnumber’)
])->asArray()
->all();
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LIKE 查询 单边加%
[‘like’, ‘name’, ‘tester’] 会生成 name LIKE ‘%tester%’。

[‘like’, ‘name’, ‘%tester’, false] => name LIKE ‘%tester’

$query = User::find()
->where([‘LIKE’, ‘name’, $id.’%’, false]);
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SQL 随机抽取十名幸运用户
$query = new Query;
$query->select(‘ID, City,State,StudentName’)
->from(‘student’)
->where([‘IsActive’ => 1])
->andWhere([‘not’, [‘State’ => null]])
->orderBy([‘rand()’ => SORT_DESC])
->limit(10);
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yii2 多表联查 where条件里 A表字段=B表字段怎么表示？
#想在where条件里加上c.type=b.type怎么加？
$res =self::find()
->select([‘a.id’,‘a.name’])
->join(‘LEFT JOIN’,‘b’,‘b.qid=a.id’)
->join(‘LEFT JOIN’,‘c’,‘c.uid=b.uid’)
->where([‘a.state’=>0, ‘b.state’=>0, ‘c.state’=>0, ‘c.uid’=>123456])
->asArray()->all();

#方法：
$query->andWhere(new \yii\db\Expression(‘c.type = b.type’));
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where条件中两字段相加或相减
$query->andWhere([’<’, ’updated_at + duration', time()])->all();
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输出查询的sql语句
$query = Weibo::find()->joinWith(‘account’)->where([
‘and’,
[‘is_forward’ => 0],
[‘status’ => Weibo::STATUS_NORMAL_WITH_STAT],
[‘account_open_id’ => KaTeX parse error: Expected '}', got 'EOF' at end of input: …d_at` BETWEEN {now}-account.scrape_time*60 AND {$now}-account.scrape_time*60+60");

$commandQuery = clone $query;
// 输出SQL语句
echo $commandQuery->createCommand()->getRawSql();

$weibo = $query->all();
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输出语句：

SELECT weibo.* FROM weibo
LEFT JOIN account
ON weibo.account_open_id = account.open_id
WHERE ((is_forward=0)
AND (status=1)
AND (account_open_id IN (‘123456789’, ‘987654321’, ‘098765432’, ‘234123455’))
AND (read_limit_time IS NULL))
AND (posted_at BETWEEN 1474946053-account.scrape_time*60 AND 1474946053-account.scrape_time*60+60)
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搜索的时候添加条件筛选
$dataProvider = $searchModel->search(Yii::$app->request->queryParams);
$dataProvider->query->andWhere([‘pid’ => 0]);
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如果要用 find_in_set 需要使用到 Expression 表达式：
User::find()
->where(new Expression(‘FIND_IN_SET(:status, status)’))
->addParams([’:status’ => 1])
->all();
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MySQL 数据处理
yii2 给mysql数据库表添加字段后，立即使用这个字段时会出现未定义的情况（Getting unknown property）
原因：yii 对数据表结构进行了缓存。

方法1. 清理掉runtime下的cache缓存之后也可以正常使用这个字段。

方法2. 修改完表字段后执行

清理指定表结构缓存数据

Yii::$app->db->getSchema()->refreshTableSchema($tableName);

或

清理所有表结构缓存数据

Yii::$app->db->getSchema()->refresh();
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建议将以上代码添加到修改数据表结构的migration中。

字段去重的三种方法
static::find()
->where([
‘user_id’ => $user_id,
])
->groupBy(‘uuid’)
->all();
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static::find()
->select([‘uuid’])
->where([
‘user_id’ => $user_id,
])
->distinct()
->count();
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static::find()->where([
‘user_id’ => $user_id,
])->count(‘distinct uuid’);
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事务
$transaction=Yii::$app->db->beginTransaction();
try {
//… SQL executions
$transaction->commit();
} catch (Exception $e) {
$transaction->rollBack();
}
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关于事务：

Yii::$app->db->transaction(function() {
$order=newOrder($customer);
$order->save();
$order->addItems($items);
});

// 这相当于下列冗长的代码：

$transaction=Yii::$app->db->beginTransaction();
try {
$order=newOrder($customer);
$order->save();
$order->addItems($items);
$transaction->commit();
} catch (\Exception $e) {
$transaction->rollBack();
throw $e;
}
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查找 auth_times 表 type=1 并且 不存在 auth_item 表里面的数据
// AuthItem.php 关键是 onCondition 方法
public function getAuthTimes()
{
return $this->hasOne(AuthTimes::className(), [‘name’ => ‘name’, ])->onCondition([AuthTimes::tableName() . ‘.type’ => 1]);
}

// AuthTimes.php 文件
// …
AuthItem::find()->joinWith(‘authTimes’)->where([self::tableName() . ‘.name’ => null])->all();
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生成SQL:

SELECT auth_item.* FROM auth_item LEFT JOIN auth_times ON auth_item.name = auth_times.name AND auth_times.type = 1 WHERE auth_times.name IS NULL
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执行SQL查询并缓存结果
$styleId=Yii::$app->request->get(‘style’);
$collection=Yii::$app->db->cache(function($db)use($styleId){
return Collection::findOne([‘style_id’=>$styleId]);
}, self::SECONDS_IN_MINITUE * 10);
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批量插入数据 
第一种方法
$model=newUser();foreach($data as $attributes)
{
$_model = clone $model;
${}_{m}odel->setAttributes($attributes);
$_model->save();
}
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第二种方法

$model=newUser();foreach($data as $attributes)
{
$model->isNewRecord = true;
$model->setAttributes($attributes);
$model->save() && $model->id = 0;
}
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URL
假设我们当前页面的访问地址是：http://localhost/public/index.php?r=news&id=1

获取url中的host信息：

http://localhost

Yii::$app->request->getHostInfo()12获取url中的路径信息（不包含host和参数）：Yii::$app->request->getPathInfo()
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获取不包含host信息的url（含参数）：

/public/index.php?r=news&id=1

Yii::$app->request->url或者Yii::$app->request->requestUri
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获取完整url（含host以及参数）：
Yii::$app->request->getHostInfo() . Yii::app()->request->url
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只想获取url中的参数部分：

r=news&id=1

Yii::$app->getRequest()->queryString12获取某个参数的值，比如idYii::$app->getRequest()->getQuery(‘id’); //get parameter ‘id’
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获取（除域名外的）首页地址

/public/index.php

Yii::$app->user->returnUrl;12获取RefererYii::$app->request->headers[‘Referer’]
或者
Yii::$app->getRequest()->getReferrer()
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前端显示
英文不换行问题
当GridView和DetailView列表中的某一条内容为连续的英文或数字（比如网站链接等）时，该内容会不换行，导致该列宽度被顶的特别长，甚至超出div的宽度。

在全局Css中添加以下样式：

word-break:break-all; //只对英文起作用,以字母作为换行依据

eg:

html,
body {
height: 100%;
font-family: “Microsoft YaHei”;
word-break: break-all;
}
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Yii给必填项加星
css:
div.required label:after {
content: " *";
color: red;
}
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控制器获取当前Module name,Controller name和action name
#在控制器里面使用
$this->module->id;
$this->id;
$this->action->id;

#其他位置使用
\Yii::KaTeX parse error: Expected 'EOF', got '\Yii' at position 30: …r->module->id; \̲Y̲i̲i̲::app->controller->id;
\Yii::KaTeX parse error: Expected 'EOF', got '\Logger' at position 68: … 日志 use yii\log\̲L̲o̲g̲g̲e̲r̲; \Yii::getLogg…app->request->rawBody;
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有两种方式获取查询出来的 name 为数组的集合 [name1, name2, name3]：
方式一：

return \yii\helpers\ArrayHelper::getColumn(User::find()->all(), ‘name’);
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方式二：

return User::find()->select(‘name’)->asArray()->column();
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防止 SQL 和 Script 注入:
use yii\helpers\Html;
use yii\helpers\HtmlPurifier;

echo Html::encode($vie{w}_{h}ell{o}_{s}tr)//可以原样显示<script></script>代码echoHtmlPurifier::process($view_hello_str) //可以过滤掉代码
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打印对象数组数据：
// 引用命名空间
use yii\helpers\VarDumper;

// 使用
VarDumper::dump($var);

// 使用2 第二个参数是数组的深度 第三个参数是是否显示代码高亮（默认不显示）
VarDumper::dump($var,10,true);die;12345678restful获取GET和POST过来的数据（得到结果是数组）：//postYii::$app->request->bodyParams

// get
Yii::KaTeX parse error: Expected 'EOF', got '\yii' at position 72: …Html::a("链接1", \̲y̲i̲i̲\helpers\Url::t…app->urlManager->createUrl([‘mysql/chart’, ‘id’ => 43,‘time_interval’ => ‘1800’, ‘end’=>‘0’]));
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一个控制器调用其他控制器action的方法：
Yii::$app->runAction(‘new_controller/new_action’, $params);//或者return(newSecondController{(}^{\prime }secon{d}^{\prime },Yii::$app->module))->runAction(‘index’, $data);123点击下载文件actionpublicfunctionactionDownload($id)
{
$model = $this->findModel($id);

if ($model) {
    // do something
}
return \Yii::$app->response->setDownloadHeaders($model->downurl);

}
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发送邮件 
a.config/config.php中的components配置
‘mailer’ => [
‘class’ => ‘yii\swiftmailer\Mailer’,
‘useFileTransport’ => false,
‘transport’ => [
‘class’ => ‘Swift_SmtpTransport’,
‘host’ => ‘smtp.gmail.com’,
‘username’ => ‘[email protected]’,
‘password’ => ‘password12345678’,
‘port’ => 587,//or 25/587
‘encryption’ => ‘tls’,//tls or ssl
]
],
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b.使用

Yii::$app->mailer->compose()->setFrom({[}^{\prime }admin@gmail.co{m}^{\prime }=>Yii::$app->name])
->setTo(‘[email protected]’)
->setSubject(‘test subject’)
->setTextBody(‘test body’)
->send();
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修改登陆状态超时时间（到期后自动退出登陆） config/web.php中的components
‘user’ => [ 
‘class’=>’yii\web\User’, 
‘identityClass’ => ‘common\models\User’, 
‘loginUrl’=>[‘/user/sign-in/login’], 
‘authTimeout’ => 1800,//登陆有效时间 
‘as afterLogin’ => ‘common\behaviors\LoginTimestampBehavior’ 
],

修改返回的数据格式（详见Response::FORMAT_XXXX）
$result = array(‘code’ => $code, ‘msg’ => $msg, ‘data’ => $data);
$callback=Yii::$app->request->get(‘callback’,null);

$format = $callback?Response::FORMA{T}_{J}SONP:Response::FORMA{T}_{J}SON;Yii::$app->response->format = $format;

if($callback){
return array(
‘callback’ => $callback,
‘data’ => $result
);
}
return $result;
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场景: 数据库有user表有个avatar_path字段用来保存用户头像路径
需求: 头像url需要通过域名http://b.com/作为基本url

目标: 提高代码复用

此处http://b.com/可以做成一个配置
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示例:

User.php

class User extends \yii\db\ActiveRecord
{
…
public function extraFields()
{
$fields = parent::extraFields();

    $fields['avatar_url'] = function () {
        return empty($this->avatar_path) ? '可以设置一个默认的头像地址' : 'http://b.com/' . $this->avatar_path;
    };

    return $fields;
}
...

}

ExampleController.php

class ExampleController extends \yii\web\Controller
{
public function actionIndex()
{
$userModel = User::find()->one();
$userData = $userModel->toArray([], [‘avatar_url’]);

    echo $userData['avatar_url']; // 输出内容: http://b.com/头像路径
}

}
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Yii2-GridView 中让关联字段带搜索和排序功能 
情境要求： 
要在订单（Order）视图的gridview中显示出客户（Customer）姓名，并使其具有与其它字段相同的排序和搜索功能。
数据库结构 
订单表order含有字段customer_id 与 客户表customer的id字段关联

首先确保在Order Model中包含以下代码：

public function getCustomer()
{
return $this->hasOne(Customer::className(), [‘id’ => ‘customer_id’]);
}
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用gii会自动生成此代码；

第一步： 
在OrderSearch添加一个$customer_name变量

class OrderSearch extends Order
{
public $customer_name; //<=====就是加在这里
}
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第二步： 
修改OrderSearch中的search函数

public function search($params)
{
$query = Order::find();
$query->joinWith([‘customer’]);<=====加入这句
$dataProvider = new ActiveDataProvider([
‘query’ => $query,
]);

$dataProvider->setSort([
    'attributes' => [
        /* 其它字段不要动 */    
        /*  下面这段是加入的 */
        /*=============*/
        'customer_name' => [
            'asc' => ['customer.customer_name' => SORT_ASC],
            'desc' => ['customer.customer_name' => SORT_DESC],
            'label' => 'Customer Name'
        ],
        /*=============*/
    ]
]); 

if (!($this->load($params) && $this->validate())) {
    return $dataProvider;
}

$query->andFilterWhere([
    'id' => $this->id,
    'user_id' => $this->user_id,
    'customer_id' => $this->customer_id,
    'order_time' => $this->order_time,
    'pay_time' => $this->pay_time,
]);

$query->andFilterWhere(['like', 'status', $this->status]);
$query->andFilterWhere(['like', 'customer.customer_name', $this->customer_name]) ;//<=====加入这句

return $dataProvider;

}
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第三步： 
修改order/index视图的gridview

$dataProvider, 'filterModel' => $searchModel, 'columns' => [ ['class' => 'yii\grid\SerialColumn'], 'id', 'customer_id', 'status', ['label'=>'客户', 'attribute' => 'customer_name', 'value' => 'customer.customer_name' ],//<=====加入这句 ['class' => 'yii\grid\ActionColumn'], ], ]); ?>

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格式化输出Json字符串
[
‘attribute’ => ‘source’,
‘format’ => ‘raw’,
‘value’ => function (KaTeX parse error: Expected '}', got 'EOF' at end of input: …e(Json::decode(model->source), JSON_UNESCAPED_UNICODE|JSON_PRETTY_PRINT) . ‘’;

}

],
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邮件发送
注意，使用邮件发送前发送邮件的邮箱必须开启 POP3/SMTP/IMAP 服务，请在邮箱账号设置中自行开启

components 配置（以126邮箱为例）：
‘mailer’ => [
‘class’ => ‘yii\swiftmailer\Mailer’,
//‘viewPath’ => ‘@common/mail’,
// 默认把所有邮件发送到一个文件里，若需要发送真邮件，你需要把userFileTransport设置为false，并且添加邮件的配置
‘useFileTransport’ => false,
‘transport’ => [
‘class’ => ‘Swift_SmtpTransport’,
‘host’ => ‘smtp.126.com’,
‘username’ => ‘[email protected]’,
‘password’ => ‘’
],
‘messageConfig’=>[
‘charset’ => ‘UTF-8’,
‘from’=>[ ‘[email protected]’ => ‘发件人名称’]
],
],
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发送邮件
$mail=Yii::$app->mailer->compose()
->setTo(‘[email protected]’)
->setSubject(‘邮件标题’)
->setHtmlBody(‘邮件内容’);

if($mail->send()) {
echo ‘发送成功’;
} else {
echo ‘发送失败’;
}

---

本文来自 写回 的CSDN 博客 ，全文地址请点击：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_41282397/article/details/80838864?utm_source=copy