web scraper 入门到精通之路
【摘要】来一个插件帮忙翻看一下网页上的数据——webscraper，目的当然是为了学习新知识，希望在此与大家一起进步，一起成长。谢谢大家的过目！为了更加透彻清晰，将采用图文并茂的方式。（如有侵权，请及时联系我） 本文来自于x-team成员：清泓 。「最后更新时间2020年2月23日【持续更新】」
（本人郑重声明：抓取的所有资料著作权归被抓取方所属公司或集团，抓取数据只供学习使用，强烈谴责把数据商业化！！！请勿以身试法！）
本文主要参考文献：[1]
一.安装
安装采用的网站[2]下载，这个网站是一个插件库，实测可行。
下载下来之后，是一个crx文件，然后打开Chrome，重点是：只支持Chrome浏览器！
1.打开Chrome浏览器设置，找到拓展程序。
2.打开浏览器开发者模式。
3.将crx的后缀名改为zip格式并解压。
4.点击拓展程序里面的按钮「加载已解压的拓展程序」。
5.成功部署webscraper。
基本安装步骤就说到这里了，下面让我们来小试一下牛刀。
二.初步使用，抓取csdn官方博客的所有条目数据。
1.抓取博客第一页的所有标题。
（1）打开网页，打开调试板，找到webscraper,点击进去。
值得注意的是这个调试板必须要弄成下列模式布局，在浏览器下方的布局。
（2）添加请求头，这个就是我们的网页地址https://blog.csdn.net/blogdevteam/。
（3）理解工具含义。
创建选择器时需使用 Element preview 和 Data preview 功能以确保你选中了正确的网页元素及数据。
1）selector - CSS 选择器选取所需元素；[3]
2）multiple - 如果要选择多个记录需勾选此项。从两个或多个选中 multiple 的选择器中提取的数据不会合并到一个单独记录中；
3）delay - 选择器生效前的延迟时长；
4）parent selectors - 为此选择器选择母选择器以产生选择器树形结构；
5）文本选择器（Text selector）；
6）链接选择器（Link selector）；
7）元素选择器（Element selector）。
(4). Date extraction 选择器。
Date extraction 选择器仅从选中的元素中返回数据。譬如 Text （文本）选择器从选中的元素中提取文本。以下选择器可用作 Date extraction 选择器：
1）Text（文本）选择器；
2）Link（链接）选择器；
3）Link popup（弹出链接）选择器；
4）Image（图像）选择器；
5）Table（表格）选择器；
6）Element attribute（元素属性）选择器；
7）HTML 选择器；
8）Grouped（组块）选择器。
（5). 设定规则
(6).抓取运行和抓取结果。
(7). 结果，这就是设定的单页抓取标题的数据。
三.抓取整个博客的标题，描述和日期，阅读数，评论数。
（1）关于多页抓取。
多页抓取分很多情况，需要看一下网站的规则，csdn的博客的分页规则如下：
当点击第二页博客的数据的时候，网址链接变成了https://blog.csdn.net/blogdevteam//article/list/2?
再看再这个博客内容有多少页。
可以看到总共37页。
设置完之后保存一下设置,跑一下，测试一下结果是否正确。
可以看到最小页码是1，最大页码是37，抓取数据成功。现在来创建同级数据的多个数据集,道理同上，只是多了一个内容类型而已。现在的结构如下：
接下来多建几个同级的内容。
让我们来试一下效果，action。
这个是有残缺的，每行至多一个数据内容，其余的全没了，是随机的丢失。为什么会出现这种情况呢？？？？？？太奇怪了。检查一下：
1.首先结构是没有问题的。
2.单条数据没问题。
3.逐条检查规则没任何问题。
原因定位在multiple！
这个只能配置一个作为起始点。感觉和只能有一个主键key差不多了。
疑似原因的解除如下，设定之后，成功加载出数据，然后导出为Excel文档。
导出Excel文档如下：
注意：一个常见错误是同时创建两个选择器设定选项均选中 multiple，期望结果自然合并。例如，如果同时选择分页链接和导航链接，这些链接无法自然合并。正确的方法是使用元素选择器选用 Element 元素，并将 Data 选择器作为子选择器添加到 Element 选择器中，而不是选中 multiple 选项。
这个要特别注意，当时爬取网站的时候，是把multiple当成了一个类型选择器在使用，正确用法应该在默认_root的目录下新建一个类型选择器进行合并操作，相当于把一撮毛用橡皮筋卷起来，这个element就相当于那个橡皮筋。
2020年2月23日补充说明：（在此感谢热心知友提出的问题，以下提供的图片，也是热心网友提供的）
如下图所示，multiple1图是利用multiple对所选数据进行抓取的，但是，这个会出现一个问题，就是多个元素的批量抓取的时候，容易出现multiple2图出现的情况，单条数据的元素不能完全被抓下来，造成了单条数据的元素缺失，比如说，我抓取的电影，有三个元素，一个是电影标题，第二个元素是电影简介，第三个元素是电影评分，而结果是我们只抓取到了电影简介，或者只抓取到了电影标题。
multiple1(只设置了multiple)
multiple2
解决方案，在_root目录下加一个element类型的元素束，把这些元素捆起来。如下图element3所示：
element3
2020年3月21日补充说明：
添加element的方法：
选择element类型的选择器
element内容区域其实就是一个母容器
element创建成功
四.关于多级数据的抓取。
二级页面抓取，可以设定一个子数据源的selector。
现在开始，我们来爬 一个处女座程序猿 的博客，做个简单一点的，多级页面的的每页的单个数据源和多级页面的全部正文，这里主要偏向的有两个方面，其一是多级页面的数据抓取，其一是子数据源的桥接点的建立。
1.我们首先来新建一个请求头，然后暂且不抓太多数据，就抓取处女座程序猿的1-5页的博客数据。请求头如下，点击保存。
2.创建父类选择器。
父类选择器创建成功，我们可以在这个父类选择器里面创建新的子类选择器了。
点击父类选择器我们可以再新建一个子类选择器，我们这里先把流程简单化，每个分级都只带一个属性，这个本身是一个桥接点，类型为link,是一个链接，意思就是以标题为链接源，（相当于我们手动点击知乎某个推送标题可以进入具体文章浏览内容）这个当然是分在我们刚才创建的root目录下面的。
3.开始抓取二级页面内容。
打开子页面之后，我们直接在刚才建立的子选择器里面添加文本类型的选择器就行了，内容选中为整个文章的内容。
4.整个页面结构图。
五. 多级页面的热身运动到此为止，接下来，是多级页面的多数据抓取，首先思路是：
1.创建一个公共的父类选择器。
2.创建多个分支选择器。
3.在分支选择器的下面创建多个子类分支内容，可以子生子，孙子生孙子。
这个是抓取的数据字段：
{"_id":"zhihu","startUrl":["https://www.zhihu.com/question/352108632"],
"selectors":[{"id":"anwer","type":"SelectorElementScroll","parentSelectors":
["_root"],"selector":"div.List-item:nth-of-type(1)","multiple":true,"delay":0},
{"id":"name","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":["anwer"],
"selector":"#Popover13-toggle a","multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0},
{"id":"Agree with the number","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":["anwer"],
"selector":".Voters button","multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0},
{"id":"content","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":["anwer"],
"selector":"span[itemprop='text']","multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0},
{"id":"Editing time","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":
["anwer"],"selector":"a span","multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0},
{"id":"comment","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":["anwer"],
"selector":"button.ContentItem-action:nth-of-type(1)",
"multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0}]}
六. 关于滚动网页的多数据抓取
以知乎回答为例子:
注意点：选择内容属性的时候，特别是标签属性的时候，一定要选对，选不对会出现数据抓取失败的情况。
2019年11月11日～12日 关于抓取二级页面的固定点击事件中的内容
最近爬取网站的时候，发现二级页面的数据中有一个展开数据的情况，如果不点击的时候会导致收起的页面抓取不到。
抓取海单词[4]数据的实际问题：里面的近反义词有时候是展开的有时候是收起的，webscraper无法自动识别导致所有数据都是空值。在webscraper中写上适合自己的网站实际情况的爬虫。
查看官方文档，我看到了一个好东西，仔细看了一下Element click的功能，嗯，可以，好像这个以前我认为只能获取分页数据的点击跳转页面的东西，好像还有一个作用，可以在当前页面点击按钮然后爬取点击事件结束之后的内容。仔细研究了一下。
4.11 Element click（元素点击）选择器
Element click 选择器使用方式类似 Element 选择器。主要目的也是元素选择，作为子选择器的母选择器。唯一差别在于， Element click 选择器可通过点击按钮同网站交互，以加载新元素。比如采用 JavaScript 以及 AJAX 技术进行导航或页面加载的网页。
4.11.1 配置选项
1）selector - CSS 选择器，用于选择元素，作为子选择器的母选择器。
2）click selector - CSS 选择器，用于点击按钮加载更多元素。
3）click type - 选择器类型，用于指示选择如何得知无新元素并停止点击。
4）click element uniqueness（点击元素独特性）- 选择器如何的是按钮已点击过。
5）multiple - 选中多项记录（默认应选中）。子选择器的 multiple 通常不选。
6）delay- 配置在点击及元素搜索之间的间隔。此项需指定，因为按钮点击后数据未必能立刻加载。因为服务器响应没那么及时，要想不丢失数据，最好设为 2000ms 以上。
7）Discard initial elements（忽略初始元素）- 选择器不会选中在第一次点击按钮前就已经存在的元素。这在去重时很有用。
4.11.2 Click type 点击类型
重点：
1）Click Once 点击一次
Click Once 只会点击按钮一次。如果符合条件的新按钮出现亦会点击。比如导航链接可能只会显示1~5，6~10随后才会显示。此选择器也会对它们（6~10）进行点击。
2）Click More 点击更多
Click More 会点击已有按钮直至无新元素出现。新元素按照有独有文本内容进行认定。
4.11.3 Click element uniqueness 点击元素独特性
当使用 Click Once 同一按钮只会被点击一次。当使用 Click More 会一直点击直到不产生新元素。
1）Unique Text - 有同样文本内容的按钮被视为同一按钮
2）Unique HTML+Text - 有同样 HTML 和文本内容的按钮被视为同一按钮
3）Unique HTML - 有同样 HTML 的按钮被视为同一按钮
4）Unique CSS Selector - 有同样 CSS 选择器的按钮被视为同一按钮
案例：
具体来说：
1.Click type
点击类型，click more 表示点击多次，因为我们要抓取批量数据，这里就选择 click more，还有一个 click once 选项，点击一次
2.Click element uniqueness
这个选项是控制 Web Scraper 什么时候停止抓取数据的。比如说 Unique Text，表示文字改变时停止抓取数据。
我们都知道，一个网站的数据不可能是无穷无尽的，总有加载完的时候，这时候「加载更多」按钮文字可能就变成「没有更多」、「没有更多数据」、「加载完了」等文字，当文字变动时，Web scraper 就会知道没有更多数据了，会自动停止抓取数据。
3.Multiple
这个我们的老朋友了，表示是否多选，这里我们要抓取多条数据，当然要打勾。
4.Discard initial elements
是否丢弃初始元素，这个主要是去除一些网站的重复数据用的，不是很重要，我们这里也用不到，直接选择 Never discard，从不丢弃数据。
5.Delay
延迟时间，因为点击加载更多后，数据加载需要一段时间，delay 就是等待数据加载的时间。一般我们设置要大于等于 2000，因为延迟 2s 是一个比较合理的数据，如果网络不好，我们可以设置更大的数字。
这次海词词典上的应用可以说正好可以应用到这个东西。
这个问题是解决了，说一下实际操作：
首先是我们有自己的服务器的情况下，
我们自己建立一个h5页面，写上链接，本次利用了webscraper抓取二级页面的特性，在第一个页面，人工写入网页链接。然后海词词典的数据。（本人郑重声明：海词词典的所有资料著作权归属海词词典所属公司，抓取数据只供学习使用，强烈谴责把数据商业化！！！请勿以身试法！）
h5编写页面如下图：
在浏览器中打开编写的实际网页显示如下图：
在这里我们利用webscraper抓取二级页面的属性，抓取海词资源。我们可以看到以下这种情况：
这图中还有点击事件的，点击进去还有查看更多。。。
于是应证了我之前所出现的那一点问题。
解决办法把图中第一节的json文件变动一下：
{"_id":"test_python_bigboom","startUrl":
["http://shupai.downline.cn/local_test_db_009/001_center_data_shupai/000_test_python_webscraper_data_explesion.html"],
"selectors":[{"id":"root","type":"SelectorElement","parentSelectors":["_root"],
"selector":"a","multiple":true,"delay":0},{"id":"titlelink","type":"SelectorLink",
"parentSelectors":["root"],"selector":"_parent_","multiple":true,"delay":0},
{"id":"word_name","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":["titlelink"]
,"selector":"h1.keyword","multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0},
{"id":"haici_n","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":["titlelink"],
"selector":".basic li:nth-of-type(1)","multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0},
{"id":"haici_adj","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":["titlelink"],
"selector":".basic li:nth-of-type(2)","multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0},
{"id":"haici_pron","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":["titlelink"],
"selector":".basic li:nth-of-type(3)","multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0},
{"id":"Detailed interpretation","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":
["titlelink"],"selector":"div.detail","multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0},
{"id":"Near antonym","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":["titlelink"],
"selector":"div.nfo","multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0},
{"id":"Proximity word","type":"SelectorElementClick","parentSelectors":
["titlelink"],"selector":".rel h3.cur","multiple":false,"delay":0,
"clickElementSelector":".rel h3.cur","clickType":"clickOnce",
"discardInitialElements":"do-not-discard","clickElementUniquenessType":
"uniqueText"}]}变动为：
{"_id":"test_python_bigboom","startUrl":
["http://shupai.downline.cn/local_test_db_009/001_center_data_shupai/000_test_python_webscraper_data_explesion.html"],
"selectors":[{"id":"root","type":"SelectorElement","parentSelectors":
["_root"],"selector":"a","multiple":true,"delay":0},{"id":"titlelink","type":
"SelectorLink","parentSelectors":["root"],"selector":"_parent_",
"multiple":true,"delay":0},{"id":"word_name","type":"SelectorText",
"parentSelectors":["titlelink"],"selector":"h1.keyword",
"multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0},
{"id":"haici_n","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":["titlelink"],
"selector":".basic li:nth-of-type(1)","multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0},
{"id":"haici_adj","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":["titlelink"],
"selector":".basic li:nth-of-type(2)","multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0},
{"id":"haici_pron","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":["titlelink"],
"selector":".basic li:nth-of-type(3)","multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0},
{"id":"Detailed interpretation","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":
["titlelink"],"selector":"div.detail","multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0},
{"id":"Near antonym","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":["titlelink"],
"selector":"div.nfo","multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0},
{"id":"Proximity word","type":"SelectorElementClick","parentSelectors":
["titlelink"],"selector":"div.nwd","multiple":true,"delay":"2000",
"clickElementSelector":".rel h3.cur","clickType":"clickMore",
"discardInitialElements":"do-not-discard","clickElementUniquenessType":
"uniqueText"},{"id":"liju","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":
["titlelink"],"selector":"div.sort","multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0},
{"id":"linjinyici","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":["Proximity word"],
"selector":"_parent_","multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0}]}
{"_id":"test_python_bigboom","startUrl":
["http://shupai.downline.cn/local_test_db_009/001_center_data_shupai/000_test_python_webscraper_data_explesion.html"],
"selectors":[{"id":"root","type":"SelectorElement","parentSelectors":
["_root"],"selector":"a","multiple":true,"delay":0},
{"id":"titlelink","type":"SelectorLink","parentSelectors":
["root"],"selector":"_parent_","multiple":true,"delay":0},
{"id":"word_name","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":["titlelink"],
"selector":"h1.keyword","multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0},{"id":"haici_n",
"type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":["titlelink"],
"selector":".basic li:nth-of-type(1)","multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0},
{"id":"haici_adj","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":["titlelink"],
"selector":".basic li:nth-of-type(2)","multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0},
{"id":"haici_pron","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":
["titlelink"],"selector":".basic li:nth-of-type(3)","multiple":false,"regex":"",
"delay":0},{"id":"Detailed interpretation","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":
["titlelink"],"selector":"div.detail","multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0},
{"id":"Near antonym","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":["titlelink"],
"selector":"div.nfo","multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0},
{"id":"Proximity word","type":"SelectorElementClick","parentSelectors":
["titlelink"],"selector":"div.nwd","multiple":true,"delay":"2000",
"clickElementSelector":".rel h3.cur","clickType":"clickMore",
"discardInitialElements":"do-not-discard","clickElementUniquenessType":"uniqueText"},
{"id":"liju","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":["titlelink"],
"selector":"div.sort","multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0},
{"id":"linjinyici","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":
["Proximity word"],"selector":"_parent_","multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0}]}以下是结构图：
实际效果：到最后proximityword 为 elemtmore类型的click，所以不会在成果表单中显示，
proximity word 之后的 linjinyici为text类型，是真正展现在结果表单中的展示数据。
可以看下结果，以前是抓不到的。
上述仅仅为方法，真正应用实战中又出现了一部分问题，
所以进行了第二次修订：
树形图如下：
由于webscraper的树形图片区只有这么大（反正左右拉，上下拉都没有放大，将就一下，看不清直接导入json文件即可。）
以下为json文件：
{"_id":"python_haici","startUrl":
["http://shupai.downline.cn/001_center_data_shupai/000_test_python_webscraper_data_explesion.html"],
"selectors":[{"id":"base","type":"SelectorElement","parentSelectors":["_root"],
"selector":"a","multiple":true,"delay":0},{"id":"links","type":"SelectorLink",
"parentSelectors":["base"],"selector":"_parent_","multiple":true,"delay":0},
{"id":"word","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":["links"],
"selector":"h1.keyword","multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0},
{"id":"Basic interpretation","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":["links"],
"selector":"div.word","multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0},
{"id":"type_one","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":["links"],
"selector":".detail span:nth-of-type(1)","multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0},
{"id":"Explain one","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":["links"],
"selector":".detail ol:nth-of-type(1)","multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0},
{"id":"type_two","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":["links"],
"selector":".detail span:nth-of-type(2)","multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0},
{"id":"Explain two","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":["links"],
"selector":".detail ol:nth-of-type(2)","multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0},
{"id":"type_three","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":["links"],
"selector":".layout span:nth-of-type(3)","multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0},
{"id":"Explain_three","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":
["links"],"selector":".detail ol:nth-of-type(3)","multiple":false,"regex":"",
"delay":0},{"id":"type_four","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":["links"],
"selector":"span:nth-of-type(4)","multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0},
{"id":"Explain four","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":
["links"],"selector":"ol:nth-of-type(4)","multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0},
{"id":"type_five","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":["links"],
"selector":"span:nth-of-type(5)","multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0},
{"id":"Explain_five","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":
["links"],"selector":"ol:nth-of-type(5)","multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0},
{"id":"type_six","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":
["links"],"selector":"span:nth-of-type(6)","multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0},
{"id":"Explain_six","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":
["links"],"selector":"ol:nth-of-type(6)","multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0},
{"id":"English plus English interpretation click",
"type":"SelectorElementClick","parentSelectors":["links"],
"selector":"div.en","multiple":false,"delay":"400",
"clickElementSelector":".def h3.cur","clickType":"clickMore",
"discardInitialElements":"do-not-discard","clickElementUniquenessType":
"uniqueText"},{"id":"English plus English interpretation++",
"type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":
["English plus English interpretation click"],"selector":
"_parent_","multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0},
{"id":"Double interpretation click","type":
"SelectorElementClick","parentSelectors":["links"],"selector":
"div.dual","multiple":false,"delay":"400","clickElementSelector":
".def h3.cur","clickType":"clickMore","discardInitialElements":"do-not-discard",
"clickElementUniquenessType":"uniqueText"},
{"id":"Double interpretation++","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":
["Double interpretation click"],"selector":"_parent_","multiple":false,"regex":"",
"delay":0},{"id":"Example","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":["links"],
"selector":"div.sort","multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0},
{"id":"Common sentence pattern click",
"type":"SelectorElementClick","parentSelectors":["links"],"selector":
"div.patt","multiple":false,"delay":"400","clickElementSelector":
".sent h3.cur","clickType":"clickOnce","discardInitialElements":
"do-not-discard","clickElementUniquenessType":"uniqueText"},
{"id":"Common sentence pattern++","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":
["Common sentence pattern click"],"selector":
"_parent_","multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0},
{"id":"Common Phrases click","type":
"SelectorElementClick","parentSelectors":["links"],
"selector":"div.phrase","multiple":false,"delay":"400","clickElementSelector":
".sent h3.cur","clickType":"clickOnce","discardInitialElements":"do-not-discard",
"clickElementUniquenessType":"uniqueText"},
{"id":"Common Phrases++","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":
["Common Phrases click"],"selector":"_parent_","multiple":false,"regex":"",
"delay":0},{"id":"Vocabulary matching click","type":
"SelectorElementClick","parentSelectors":["links"],"selector":"div.coll",
"multiple":false,"delay":0,"clickElementSelector":".sent h3.cur","clickType":
"clickOnce","discardInitialElements":"do-not-discard","clickElementUniquenessType":
"uniqueText"},{"id":"Vocabulary matching++",
"type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":["Vocabulary matching click"],
"selector":"_parent_","multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0},
{"id":"Classic citation click","type":
"SelectorElementClick","parentSelectors":["links"],
"selector":"div.auth","multiple":false,"delay":"400","clickElementSelector":
".sent h3.cur","clickType":"clickOnce","discardInitialElements":"do-not-discard",
"clickElementUniquenessType":"uniqueText"},
{"id":"Classic citation++","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":
["Classic citation click"],"selector":"_parent_","multiple":false,"regex":
"","delay":0},{"id":"Word usage","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":
["links"],"selector":"div.ess","multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0},
{"id":"Discrimination of word meaning click","type":
"SelectorElementClick","parentSelectors":
["links"],"selector":"div.discrim","multiple":false,"delay":"400",
"clickElementSelector":".learn h3.cur","clickType":
"clickOnce","discardInitialElements":"do-not-discard","clickElementUniquenessType":
"uniqueText"},{"id":"Discrimination of word meaning++",
"type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":["Discrimination of word meaning click"],
"selector":"_parent_","multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0},
{"id":"Common mistakes click","type":"SelectorElementClick","parentSelectors":
["links"],"selector":"div.comn","multiple":false,"delay":"400",
"clickElementSelector":".learn h3.cur","clickType":"clickOnce",
"discardInitialElements":"do-not-discard","clickElementUniquenessType":
"uniqueText"},{"id":"Common mistakes++","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":
["Common mistakes click"],"selector":
"_parent_","multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0},
{"id":"Etymological explanation click","type":
"SelectorElementClick","parentSelectors":["links"],"selector":"div.etm",
"multiple":false,"delay":"400","clickElementSelector":
".learn h3.cur","clickType":"clickOnce","discardInitialElements":
"do-not-discard","clickElementUniquenessType":"uniqueText"},
{"id":"Etymological explanation++","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":
["Etymological explanation click"],
"selector":"_parent_","multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0},
{"id":"Near antonym","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":
["links"],"selector":"div.nfo","multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0},
{"id":"Proximity word click","type":"SelectorElementClick","parentSelectors":
["links"],"selector":"div.nwd","multiple":false,
"delay":"400","clickElementSelector":".rel h3.cur","clickType":"clickOnce",
"discardInitialElements":"do-not-discard","clickElementUniquenessType":
"uniqueText"},{"id":"Proximity word++","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":
["Proximity word click"],"selector":"_parent_","multiple":false,"regex":
"","delay":0}]}
这边也没什么特点好说的，主要是一点，类型太多，动名词等类型有的单词有很多，而有的单词没有，有多种类型的单词解释，多类型的单词解释那一部分数据必不可缺，类型少的单词有的数据类型列是为空值的。
虽然说后期的列表排序和管理比较困难，但是必须这么去做，不然有一部分数据是抓取不到的。
实例：（no单词和one单词的用例标签栏有区别，或多或少）
这边用六个类型囊括详尽释义，对于详尽释义这一栏我重点抓取，
造成的是部分type类型为空，因为有的单词没有这么多类型，而有的单词达到六个类型之多。
但这一栏的分开写，分类型写，我认为是有必要的，因为便于以后学习。分清楚这些基本类型，动，名，代，数。。。词。
OK里面就有几个是空值，但是这个不可避免。
晒一下抓取之后的结果图：
好了，解释就到这里了，这个可能只有实际操作网页才能弄透彻，希望大家动手实操，一起学习，一起进步！
这个插件还有一些内容可以深挖，而且有很多隐藏性的问题，可能存在属性冲突之类的疑难问题，可能使用还不够熟悉，需要多加熟悉。
本文将持续更新，完善，对此文档有疑问或者对这方面有兴趣的同志可以留言联系我，与我一起学习，一起进步，come on!
2019年12月6日更新
大家好久不见哈。今天给大家实战一个项目。本次是抓取易读网[5]的小说。本人不具备版权，大家记得数据仅提供学习使用，私自挪用产生的一切后果，本人不承担任何连带责任。好了，不说了，展开正题。
乍一看，结构分明，非常适合操作。 来来来，操作一把。
没有任何“杂质”（华丽布局，繁杂广告等）而且外表看似一个非常好抓的网站，谁料到它是分离型的结构。没有外框，这就意味着不能设置元素选择器。元素选择器需要设置一大片区域，Element...想了一下，直接把外部标题弄成束状集结点。具体结构如下图所示 。
json串如下：
{"_id":"yidu","startUrl":["https://yiduks.com/artlist_[1-5].html"],
"selectors":[{"id":"外部标题","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":["_root"],
"selector":".b_title a","multiple":true,"regex":"","delay":0},
{"id":"版权作者","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":["_root"],"selector":
".b_auth a","multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0},
{"id":"小说类型","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":["_root"],
"selector":"div.b_artc","multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0},
{"id":"是否连载","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":["_root"],
"selector":"div.b_staus","multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0},
{"id":"点击阅读","type":"SelectorLink","parentSelectors":["_root"],
"selector":".b_read a","multiple":true,"delay":0},
{"id":"章节链接","type":"SelectorLink","parentSelectors":["点击阅读"],
"selector":"td[width] a","multiple":true,"delay":0},
{"id":"小说章节","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":
["章节链接"],"selector":"b","multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0},
{"id":"小说作者","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":["章节链接"],"selector":
".MC a[title]","multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0},
{"id":"小说正文","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":["章节链接"],
"selector":"div.ART","multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0}]}后来发现了一个问题，就是，这个网站做了如下限制：（有的章节不能看，这个不是爬取数据被识别出来了，而是网站本身的问题）
解决方案：
ok,填入邀请码，不影响我们的接下来的操作，继续爬。
这个为结果，构成结构还需要调整一下。
2019年11月19日更新：
经过后续测试，发现是我之前错了，这个Element可以多个条目的情况下使用，当然，其他问题，我之前所担心的只能抓取单条数据的可能存在的问题，都不是问题。
所以，这次经历告诉我，实践是检验真理的唯一标准，不要以自己的猜想和臆测，或者根据之前的经验，而妄下定论。
这个修改起来是不能直接在那个地方修改的，只能在json字符串里面进行改动，只需要在前面的头部结构加一个束状元素把它们捆绑起来就OK。
修改json数据如下：
测试窗口：
这里要详细解释一下之前出现的问题。
问题体现在设立元素选择器的时候，没有大框，不能一下选定所有需要爬取的数据，如果没有整合，如何能够抓取里面的内容。
因为束状选择器（这个算是无中生有的名字，这是我自己命名的，其实就是我之前文档中所说过的，一个橡皮筋的作用）里面包含了
所有的内容，下一级的内容都要从这个大盘子中获取。
这里是一条一条叠起来的element区域。详情见下图：
连续点击两条条目数据之后叠加，和子类数据条目获取一个概念。
我这里就不对抓取详细说明了，第一为了减少篇幅，我削减了很多之前已经在此栏目说明的抓取方法，如果对基本使用存在疑问可以往上面看一下之前的项目怎么抓取的。再次感谢大家追更的心。篇幅确实有点长。
以下我对本次抓取的结构放在下面。如果对本次抓取的结构还有疑问，请复制此json串慢慢研究。
测试json如下：
{"_id":"yidutwo","startUrl":
["https://yiduks.com/artlist_[1-2].html"],"selectors":
[{"id":"test","type":"SelectorElement","parentSelectors":["_root"],
"selector":"div.b_row","multiple":true,"delay":0},
{"id":"title","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":["test"],
"selector":".b_title a","multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0},
{"id":"auther","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":["test"],
"selector":".b_auth a","multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0},
{"id":"type","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":
["test"],"selector":"div.b_artc","multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0},
{"id":"yesnonext","type":"SelectorText",
"parentSelectors":["test"],"selector":"div.b_staus",
"multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0},
{"id":"readclick","type":"SelectorLink",
"parentSelectors":["test"],"selector":".b_read a",
"multiple":false,"delay":0}]}
根据这个json,改动正式结构的json结构如下：
{"_id":"yidu","startUrl":
["https://yiduks.com/artlist_[1-5].html"],
"selectors":[{"id":"yiduelement","type":"SelectorElement","parentSelectors":
["_root"],"selector":"div.b_row","multiple":true,"delay":0},
{"id":"外部标题","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":["test"],"selector":
".b_title a","multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0},
{"id":"版权作者","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":["_root"],
"selector":".b_auth a","multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0},
{"id":"小说类型","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":
["_root"],"selector":"div.b_artc","multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0},
{"id":"是否连载","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":["_root"],
"selector":"div.b_staus","multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0},
{"id":"点击阅读","type":"SelectorLink","parentSelectors":["_root"],
"selector":".b_read a","multiple":false,"delay":0},
{"id":"章节链接","type":"SelectorLink","parentSelectors":["点击阅读"],
"selector":"td[width] a","multiple":true,"delay":0},
{"id":"小说章节","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":
["章节链接"],"selector":"b","multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0},
{"id":"小说作者","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":["章节链接"],
"selector":".MC a[title]","multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0},
{"id":"小说正文","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":["章节链接"],
"selector":"div.ART","multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0}]}
{"_id":"yidu","startUrl":
["https://yiduks.com/artlist_[1-5].html"],
"selectors":[{"id":"外部标题","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":["_root"],
"selector":".b_title a","multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0},
{"id":"版权作者","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":["_root"],
"selector":".b_auth a","multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0},
{"id":"小说类型","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":
["_root"],"selector":"div.b_artc","multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0},
{"id":"是否连载","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":
["_root"],"selector":"div.b_staus","multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0},
{"id":"点击阅读","type":"SelectorLink","parentSelectors":
["_root"],"selector":".b_read a","multiple":false,"delay":0},
{"id":"章节链接","type":"SelectorLink","parentSelectors":["点击阅读"],
"selector":"td[width] a","multiple":true,"delay":0},
{"id":"小说章节","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":["章节链接"],
"selector":"b","multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0},
{"id":"小说作者","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":["章节链接"],
"selector":".MC a[title]","multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0},
{"id":"小说正文","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":["章节链接"],
"selector":"div.ART","multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0}]}
{"_id":"yidu","startUrl":
["https://yiduks.com/artlist_[1-5].html"],"selectors":
[{"id":"yidu","type":"SelectorElement","parentSelectors":["_root"],
"selector":"div.b_row","multiple":true,"delay":0}
{"id":"bubiaoti","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":["test"],
"selector":".b_title a","multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0},
{"id":"banquanzuozhe","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":["_root"],
"selector":".b_auth a","multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0},
{"id":"xiaoshuoleixing","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":
["_root"],"selector":"div.b_artc","multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0},
{"id":"shifoulianzai","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":["_root"],
"selector":"div.b_staus","multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0},
{"id":"yuedu","type":"SelectorLink","parentSelectors":["_root"],
"selector":".b_read a","multiple":false,"delay":0},
{"id":"ielianjie","type":"SelectorLink","parentSelectors":["dianjiyuedu"],
"selector":"td[width] a","multiple":true,"delay":0},
{"id":"zhangjie","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":["lianjie"],
"selector":"b","multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0},
{"id":"zuozhe","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":["elianjie"],
"selector":".MC a[title]","multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0},
{"id":"hengwen","type":"SelectorText","parentSelectors":["lianjie"],
"selector":"div.ART","multiple":false,"regex":"","delay":0}]}
欢迎关注 技术团队的知乎账号 我们凭团队实例运作以下专栏， 必须干货！
互联网创业专栏 (我们小伙伴的创业历程)
与您一起聊技术 (APP、微信公众号、小程序、H5 技术总结)
互联网产品研发管理 (我们公司对产品结构的管理思路)
我们是不一样的技术团队:
（我们认为:所有的企业行为，都解读为交易行为，无论是摩拜单车、外卖平台、自动售货机、招聘社区、家政服务，都用交易的语言来表达，我们专栏里面有很多实际案例和开发过程和交付流程）
（类似于元素周期表，我们把交易拆解成元素级别，根据业务定制组装，完全复原个性化需求，我们专栏里面有很学术也很实际的介绍)
(每个项目设置: 导师成长基金、参与人员的奖励，全员股权池，创业氛围浓郁，我们专栏公开分享了我们的一些经验)
(专治各种复杂的业务场景， 我们通过简洁的元素和分层组合，来完成复杂场景的业务定制，我们在这一块有非常多的案例，在互联网创业专栏里面有详细描述)
参考
- ^网页数据抓取工具，webscraper 最简单的数据抓取教程，人人都用得上 https://www.cnblogs.com/fengzheng/p/8440806.html
- ^crxdl插件网 https://crxdl.com
- ^webscraper官方文档 http://webscraper.top/543178
- ^海词网 https://m.dict.cn/
- ^易读网 http://www.yidukk.com/