近来学习 Spring WebSocket 时按照 Spring IN ACTION 中示例编写代码,运行时浏览器报 404 错误
WebSocket connection to 'ws://localhost/websocket/marco' failed: Error during WebSocket handshake: Unexpected response code: 404
按照 Spring IN ACTION 中步骤:
首先,继承 AbstractWebSocketHandler
,重载以下 3 个方法:
- handleTextMessage
– 处理文本类型消息
- afterConnectionEstablished
– 新连接建立后调用
- afterConnectionClosed
– 连接关闭后调用
import org.springframework.web.socket.CloseStatus;
import org.springframework.web.socket.TextMessage;
import org.springframework.web.socket.WebSocketSession;
import org.springframework.web.socket.handler.AbstractWebSocketHandler;
public class MarcoHandler extends AbstractWebSocketHandler {
protected void handleTextMessage(WebSocketSession session, TextMessage message) throws Exception {
System.out.println("Received message: " + message.getPayload());
Thread.sleep(2000);
session.sendMessage(new TextMessage("Polo!"));
}
@Override
public void afterConnectionEstablished(WebSocketSession session) {
System.out.println("Connection established!");
}
@Override
public void afterConnectionClosed(WebSocketSession session, CloseStatus status) {
System.out.println("Connection closed. Status: " + status);
}
}
其次,使用 JavaConfig 启用 WebSocket 并映射消息处理器
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.EnableWebSocket;
import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.WebSocketConfigurer;
import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.WebSocketHandlerRegistry;
@EnableWebSocket
public class WebSocketConfig implements WebSocketConfigurer {
@Override
public void registerWebSocketHandlers(WebSocketHandlerRegistry registry) {
registry.addHandler(marcoHandler(), "/marco");
}
@Bean
public MarcoHandler marcoHandler() {
return new MarcoHandler();
}
}
最后,编写前端 JS 代码发起连接请求及后续消息交互
var url = 'ws://' + window.location.host + '/websocket/marco';
var sock = new WebSocket(url);
sock.onopen = function() {
console.log('Opening');
sock.send('Marco!');
};
sock.onmessage = function(e) {
console.log('Received Message: ', e.data);
setTimeout(function() {
sayMarco()
}, 2000);
};
sock.onclose = function() {
console.log('Closing');
};
function sayMarco() {
console.log('Sending Marco!');
sock.send('Marco!');
}
上网搜索了一晚上解决方案,包括参考 stackoverflow.com 上的经验都未解决该问题,直到查看到以下文章:
http://blog.csdn.net/u012750283/article/details/65935998
在此自己也做个记录避免以后遗忘。
WebSocket 实质上借用 HTTP 请求进行握手,启用 Spring WebSocket 需要在 org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet
里配置拦截此请求。
以下是解决步骤:
首先,修改 WebSocketConfig
类定义,在类上添加 @Configuration
注解,表明该类以 JavaConfig 形式用作 bean 定义的源(相当于 XML 配置中的
元素)。
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.EnableWebSocket;
import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.WebSocketConfigurer;
import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.WebSocketHandlerRegistry;
@Configuration
@EnableWebSocket
public class WebSocketConfig implements WebSocketConfigurer {
@Override
public void registerWebSocketHandlers(WebSocketHandlerRegistry registry) {
registry.addHandler(marcoHandler(), "/marco");
}
@Bean
public MarcoHandler marcoHandler() {
return new MarcoHandler();
}
}
其次,使用 JavaConfig 配置 DispatcherServlet
,继承 org.springframework.web.servlet.support.AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer
,重载以下 3 个方法:
- getRootConfigClasses
– 返回带有 @Configuration
注解的类将会用来配置 ContextLoaderListener 创建的应用上下文中的 bean
- getServletConfigClasses
– 返回带有 @Configuration
注解的类将会用来定义 DispatcherServlet
应用上下文中的 bean
- getServletMappings
– 将一个或多个路径映射到 DispatcherServlet
上
实际上,如果只需要 Spring WebSocket 生效,则只需要在 getServletConfigClasses
方法中返回用来定义 DispatcherServlet
应用上下文中的 bean
import org.springframework.web.servlet.support.AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer;
public class WebSocketInitializer extends AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer {
@Override
protected Class>[] getRootConfigClasses() {
return null;
}
@Override
protected Class>[] getServletConfigClasses() {
return new Class>[] {WebSocketConfig.class};
}
@Override
protected String[] getServletMappings() {
return new String[] {"/"};
}
}
重新部署后代开浏览器运行成功